28 cm gun Bruno (E)
| 28 cm gun Bruno (E) | |
|---|---|
| General Information | |
| Military designation: | Long Bruno cannon, 28 cm |
| Manufacturer country: | German Empire |
| Developer / Manufacturer: | Croup , food |
| Production time: | 1936 to 1937 |
| Number of pieces: | 3 |
| Weapon Category: | Railway gun |
| Technical specifications | |
| Pipe length: | 12.735 m |
| Caliber : |
28.3 cm |
| Caliber length : | L / 45 |
| Cadence : | 0.2 rounds / min |
| Elevation range: | 0 ° to +40 degrees |
| Side straightening area: | Carriage 18 °, turntable 360 ° |
The 28 cm Bruno (E) ( E for railway) guns were four different versions of railway guns used by the German army in World War II .
Emergence
In the course of rearmament in 1936, the High Command of the Army (OKH) requested railway guns in calibers from 15 to 28 cm as part of an emergency program .
The Krupp company still had some old ship cannon barrels and blueprints for the railroad carriages it had manufactured during the First World War and was therefore commissioned to manufacture a series of 28 cm caliber rail guns .
In the years 1936-38 the Krupp company manufactured a total of 13 guns in 28 cm caliber in three different versions.
Versions
The Lange Bruno cannon (E) was created in 1936 from the 28 cm SK (Schnelladekanone) L / 45 . Three pieces were made. In World War II these were used by the 688 railroad battery.
The severity Bruno gun (E) were divided into two specimens of the 1936-1938 28 cm KüstK (coast gun) L / 42 manufactured and assigned to the railway battery 689th
The short Bruno cannon (E) was further developed in 1937 and 1938 from the 28 cm SK L / 40 . It was used with eight manufactured guns in the 690, 695, 696 and 721 railway batteries.
New development
In 1938 the OKH von Krupp demanded an increase in the firing range for the Bruno cannons . A maximum firing range should be achieved, as it was already given with the 28 cm cannon 5 (E) .
Since this was not possible due to the age of the pipes used, the New Bruno Cannon was developed. In the years 1940 to 1942 three guns were built. However, the required firing range was not achieved, whereupon further production was discontinued in favor of the K 5 (E).
Technical specifications
| Short Bruno cannon | Long Bruno cannon | Heavy Bruno cannon | New Bruno cannon | |
| number of pieces | 8th | 3 | 2 | 3 |
| Combat weight | 130,000 kg | 123,000 kg | 118,000 kg | 150,000 kg |
| Pipe length | 11.20 m | 12.735 m | 11,084 m | 15.247 m |
| Caliber length | L / 40 | L / 45 | L / 42 | L / 58 |
| Bullet weight | 240 kg | 302 kg | = | 255 kg |
| Firing range | 29,500 m | 28,500 m | 29,400 m | 46,600 m |
| Vo | 820 m / s | 865 m / s | 745 m / s | 995 m / s |
| Fire sequence | 1 S / 5 to 6 min | 1 S / 5 min | 1 S / 5 to 6 min | 1 S / 3 min |
| Tube life | 850 p | 400 p | = | 500 p |
operation area
A short Bruno cannon was used from the Steinen / Lörrach train station at the beginning of the war.
A gun from the 688 railway battery was in Braunshausen / Saar from November 1939 to May 1940 . The soldiers were billeted in the surrounding towns. In Braunshausen itself, part of the town was restricted because ammunition was stored there. The gun was covered with tarpaulins and camouflage nets in a side track , siding of the company "Gottbill sel. Erben GmbH", the Primstalbahn Nonnweiler-Wadern.
See also
swell
- R. Böhm: The German guns. 1939-1945. Edited by FM von Senger and Etterlin . Bernard and Graefe, Bonn 1998, ISBN 3-7637-5989-1 .
- Terry Gander, Peter Chamberlain: Encyclopedia of German Arms. 1939-1945. Hand weapons, artillery, prey weapons, special weapons. Motorbuch-Verlag, Stuttgart 1999, ISBN 3-613-01975-2 (also: 2nd edition, special edition. Ibid. 2006, ISBN 3-613-02481-0 ).
Individual evidence
- ↑ Terry Gander, Peter Chamberlain, p. 231.
- ↑ Photos of the use of the cannon in Steinen / Lörrach
- ^ Letter of thanks from BttrChef to the mayor of the community
- ^ Local history of Braunshausen
