Ludwig Richter

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Ludwig Richter, photo around 1880
Signature Ludwig Richter.JPG
Ludwig Richter, by Wilhelm von Kügelgen (1836)
Adrian Ludwig Richter, ca.1860
Grave of Adrian Ludwig Richter in the New Catholic Cemetery in Dresden
Ludwig Richter Monument in the garden of the Leonhardi Museum in Loschwitz , erected in 1885.
Ludwig Richter Monument Seifersdorfer Tal

Adrian Ludwig Richter (born September 28, 1803 in Dresden ; † June 19, 1884 ibid) was an important German painter and draftsman of the late Romantic period and the Biedermeier period .

Life

Adrian Ludwig Richter was born on September 28, 1803 in Dresden-Friedrichstadt as the son of the draftsman and engraver Carl August Richter . Ludwig Richter's grandfather Heinrich Carl Richter was chamberlain to Johann Georg Graf von Schönfeld at Schloss Wachau , later he became a copperplate engraver. Through his grandparents and his father, who was born in Wachau , Ludwig Richter had close ties to Wachau and the neighboring Seifersdorf with its landscape garden .

After Ludwig Richter had finished his regular school days in 1815, he began as an apprentice with his father. At that time, Daniel Chodowiecki was the main model for his engravings . In order to live out his artistic inclination, he also studied with a scholarship at the Art Academy in Dresden . From 1820 to 1821 he accompanied the Russian prince Narischkin as a draftsman on a trip to southern France and Paris . He made drawings and pictures there, which were later given as gifts to the Tsarina of Russia Elisabeth Alexejewna . Richter stayed in Dresden from 1821 to 1823 and then went to Rome from 1823 to 1826, made possible by the publisher Johann Christoph Arnold .

During this stay he made friends with German artists such as Joseph Anton Koch , Carl Gottlieb Peschel , Julius Schnorr von Carolsfeld , Ernst Ferdinand Oehme , Carl Wagner and Friedrich Ludwig von Maydell . In exchange with the diplomat and philologist Karl Bunsen and the theologian Richard Rothe , the spiritual foundation of his art was established. It was here that his view of landscape painting was shaped by idealistic ideas for harmony between man and nature. Important pictures such as “Der Watzmann” or “Tal bei Amalfi” were created. The Dresden painter and architect Woldemar Hermann also belonged to his later circle of friends .

During his time in Rome, he also experienced his turning to the Christian faith which was a formative one. In his memoirs he wrote for New Year's Day 1825: “The consciousness penetrated me like lightning: 'I have God, I have found my Savior! Now everything is good, now I am forever well! '"

After returning to Germany, he married Augusta (1804-1854), born Freudenberg, in Dresden in 1827 and taught at the State Drawing School in Meißen from 1828 to 1835 , where Gottfried Pulian was one of his students. In 1836 he was appointed to succeed his father as a teacher at the Dresden Art Academy for the landscape class. For the series “The picturesque and romantic Germany” by the Leipzig publisher Georg Wigand he created the panels for the volumes Harz , which he wandered through in the late summer of 1836 starting in Ballenstedt , Franconia and the Riesengebirge . He took advantage of the proximity of the Elbe and its beauty for his work , especially the views that emerged from the ship, and thus in 1837 the picture “Überfahrt am Schreckenstein ” was created. Now he started making woodcut illustrations for books that would make him known. At this time he was also appointed professor for landscape painting in Dresden. He reached his peak in illustrative painting in 1842.

Richter illustrated fairy tales , including the famous edition of the German folk tales from 1842 by Johann Karl August Musäus , which is considered to be one of the most beautiful illustrated books of the 19th century. He also illustrated collections of songs and portfolios ( Children's Life , 1852). Other important publications of his woodcuts were, among other things, edifying and contemplative , Neuer Strauss for the house , Goethe album and Schiller's bell . In total he illustrated over 150 books.

After the painting “ Bridal Procession in Spring ” from 1847, his last oil painting “In June” was created in 1859. His artistic achievements were honored with a gold medal at the World Exhibition in Paris in 1855 for the picture “Bridal Procession in Spring”. In 1869 he began to write his life down. Richter had to stop drawing and painting in 1873 due to an acute eye condition. Therefore he left the art academy in Dresden in 1876. Two years later he also left the Academic Council. When Ludwig Richter died on June 19, 1884, he was honored with a magnificent state funeral in the New Catholic Cemetery in Dresden-Friedrichstadt .

Works

Woodcuts

The number of woodcuts is estimated to be more than 3000, with recuts, variations and correction sheets taken into account. According to a chronologically ordered directory of the graphic work, which appeared in the second edition in 1922, there are around 2,660 woodcuts by Ludwig Richter.

Exhibitions

Exhibition booklet on Ludwig Richter and his work (Sept. 1953)

On the occasion of the 150th birthday of Ludwig Richter on September 28, 1953, the city of Dresden opened an exhibition on his work in the atrium of the town hall .

Etchings and drawings

Illustrations (selection)

Digitized editions of the University and State Library Düsseldorf :

  • In: ABC book for small and large children / drawn by Dresden artists. With stories and songs by R. Reinick and songs by Ferdinand Hiller. - Leipzig: Wigand , 1845. - Digitized edition
  • In: Album of German Art and Poetry. With woodcuts based on the artist's original drawings, made by R. Brend'amour. Edited by Friedrich Bodenstedt. - Berlin: Grote, 1867. Digitized edition
  • In: Howitt, Mary Botham. The Dusseldorf artist's album. - Dusseldorf: Arnz, 1854. Digitized edition
  • In: The new child friend. Edited by Hermann Kletke.
  • In: Musäus, Johann Karl / Klee, Julius Ludwig (ed.). Folk tales of the Germans. With woodcuts based on original drawings. - Leipzig: Mayer and Wigand, 1842. Digitized edition

Fonts

  • Ludwig Richter: Memoirs of a German Painter . Alt, Frankfurt am Main 1885.

Honors

Remembrance day: June 19 in the Evangelical name calendar

Street dedication: Ludwig-Richter-Allee in Radebeul as well as numerous Ludwig-Richter-streets

Dedication of a school: "Ludwig-Richter-Schule, Oberschule Radeberg ", see list of cultural monuments in Radeberg

literature

  • Richard Muther:  Richter, Ludwig . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 28, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1889, pp. 491-497.
  • Helmut Börsch-Supan :  Judge, Adrian Ludwig. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 21, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 2003, ISBN 3-428-11202-4 , pp. 535-537 ( digitized version ).
  • Viktor Paul Mohn : Ludwig Richter. Velhagen & Klasing, Bielefeld and Leipzig 1896. Digitized edition .
  • Johannes Beer : Ludwig Richter - Der Feierabend , 16 colored and 62 monochrome paintings, watercolors, drawings, text from the memoirs of a German painter, Karl Robert Langewiesche Verlag, Königstein and Leipzig, 1938.
  • Hans Joachim Neidhardt : Ludwig Richter. EA Seemann book and art publisher, Leipzig 1969
  • Gerd Spitzer and Ulrich Bischof (eds.): Ludwig Richter - The painter. Exhibition for the 200th birthday . Deutscher Kunstverlag, Munich and Berlin 2003, ISBN 3-422-06430-3 .
  • Ludwig Richter - Pictures from the life of a German painter, drawn by himself . In: Der Friedensbote - Kirchliches Volksblatt for Protestant parishes of the Augsburg Confession, Part 1 in XII. Volume, No. 17, July 18, 1909, pp. 137-138; Part 2 + 3 in XII. Volume, No. 18, August 1, 1909, pp. 145-147; Part 4 (conclusion) in XII. Volume, No. 19, August 15, 1909, pp. 152–154
  • Winfried Werner: Ludwig Richter - a Saxon artist in Bohemia . In: Dresdner Hefte 48 (1996), pp. 25–33, URN: [1]

Web links

Commons : Ludwig Richter  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Ludwig Richter: Memoirs of a German Painter. In: Project Gutenberg.
  2. ↑ Auguste Richter , on Stadtwiki Dresden, accessed on August 3, 2015
  3. ↑ Bernd Feicke: Ludwig Richter and the Harz : In: Quedlinburger Annalen, Jg. 8, 2005, pp. 77–85; Correction notice s. Vol. 9, 2006, p. 4
  4. ↑ H.-J. Neidhardt (Ed.): The Ludwig Richter Album. All woodcuts . 2 volumes. Berlin 1974.
  5. ^ The Ludwig Richter Album, all woodcuts, introduction by Wolfgang Stubbe, Munich 1971
  6. ↑ Ludwig Richter in the Ecumenical Saint Lexicon
personal data
SURNAME Judge, Ludwig
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Richter, Adrian Ludwig (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German painter
DATE OF BIRTH September 28, 1803
PLACE OF BIRTH Dresden
DATE OF DEATH June 19, 1884
Place of death Dresden