Woldemar Hermann
Woldemar Hermann (born June 20, 1807 in Dresden ; † probably April 15, 1878 there ; full name: Hans Woldemar Hermann ) was a German architect and painter . His published construction diary lists around 70 construction projects for the second quarter of the 19th century, most of which have now been destroyed. With the revolution of 1848 Hermann resigned his profession as an architect for reasons that he did not disclose and devoted himself only to painting, which he could hardly support his family on. In 1878 he committed suicide by drowning in the Elbe.
Live and act
Hermann grew up in a civil servant family in modest circumstances in Dresden . Although his father died early, the art-loving boy was able to attend the Dresden Art Academy from 1820 at the age of 13 . Since Professor Röber had already resigned as head of the architecture department, Hermann initially studied interim with the draftsman and court painter Johann Gottfried Jentzsch , until Carl August Benjamin Siegel took over the architecture training. In the years 1824 and 1825 Hermann supplemented his training with an apprenticeship as a bricklayer in the summer months, while he studied in the winter.
From 1826, at the age of 19, Hermann designed for his wealthy relative Frédéric de Villers as his first major commission the classical building ensemble in the Cosel Garden in Dresden, namely the reconstructed Schwanenhaus on Holzhofgasse (today the Diakonie's old people's center), which was also destroyed in 1945 Water Palace . De Villers had married a member of the Leplay family in Leipzig for the second time, after which he moved to Dresden and was able to acquire two of the most important garden properties there. This was on the one hand the Moschinsky garden of the widow of the war council Christian Friedrich Georgi (1769-1825), an uncle of Hermann and brother-in-law de Villers', to live there, on the other hand the Coselsche garden of the merchant Lutzmann to build there to be built for rent. While Hermann wanted further training in 1828 through a study trip, he received a visit to the Cosel construction site from the general director of the art academy, Count Heinrich Vitzthum von Eckstädt (1770–1837). The latter recommended that he receive a “travel pension” for the construction work he demonstrated with the king, which he received through the count's mediation in the same year for a two-year educational trip to France and Italy. While preparing for the trip , he went to Berlin, where he arranged to travel together with the young architects Friedrich August Stüler and Eduard Knoblauch . The most important stop for Hermann was Rome, because there, in addition to his architectural studies, he found connection to the Nazarenes' colony of artists .
In 1830, Hermann designed a new Dresden court theater at the Zwinger, for which he received much applause from Prince Friedrich August of Saxony , but whose design was never realized. It was only Gottfried Semper who later built the new court theater based on his own designs from 1837 . Between 1832 and 1834, Hermann's architecturally most important building was built, the Roman House in Leipzig for the music publisher Hermann Härtel , which was to become an important model for the architect Ernst Ziller , who later worked in Greece, for the realization of Heinrich Schliemann's residential palace Iliou Melathron , especially by Friedrich Preller the elder's paintings with his odyssey fresco cycle. On behalf of the Dresden wine merchant August Traugott Hantzsch, Hermann built the neo-Gothic Hantzsch villa on the Jägerberg in Oberlößnitz in 1843/1844 instead of the existing 17th century manor house . To this end, he created an English landscape garden along with an artificial ruin and a lookout tower, the Blechburg , which was visible from afar and now decaying , from which the view as far as Dresden was free. Despite various renovations, mainly by the Ziller brothers , the main building on the Jägerberg still shows Hermann's signature today.
Between the revolutions of 1830 and 1848, Hermann's building diary, which was published by his descendants in 2006, lists around 70 building projects, including “conversions and new construction of manor houses and villas of the Saxon country and Leipzig bookseller nobility, church restorations, decoration orders, for example the hall of the Leipzig Gewandhaus , the Salomonisapotheke on Dresden's Neumarkt or - still preserved today - the Schiller room of the Weimar Palace ”. Most of the works he built have not survived. Similar to Christian Gottlieb Ziller with his own country house in the Lößnitz , Hermann also worked towards a revival of the Renaissance in Saxony even before Semper .
With the revolution of 1848 Hermann resigned his profession as an architect for reasons that he did not disclose and devoted himself only to painting, which he could hardly support his family on. Hermann belonged to Ludwig Richter’s circle of friends . Like many of his artist friends, he traveled several times to Rome, but also to Umbria, Tuscany, Venice and Capri. On these trips he made countless sketches that served as templates for his paintings and have survived in private collections to this day.
Lonely and impoverished, Hermann committed suicide in the Elbe , probably on April 15, 1878. He was buried in the churchyard in Weistropp .
In 2007, the Saxon State Office for Monument Preservation showed a larger exhibition with works from the “impressive artistic estate of Woldemar Hermann”, which came about on the initiative and with the help of the Kötzschenbrodaer pastor Michael Schleinitz, one of the artist's great-great grandsons. He and his family are also responsible for the publications of Hermann's construction diary and the notes about his youth.
plant
Buildings and designs
The following catalog of works follows Hermann's construction diary:
- 1826: August: Long house on Coßels (also Schwanenhaus , Holzhofgasse 8/10, Dresden, for de Villers ; burned down in 1945, rebuilt from 1986 to 1990)
- 1827: June: Wasserpalais (also domed villa ), Holzhofgasse 12, Dresden, for de Villers (destroyed in 1945) and renovation of the Weber house (for de Villers: “a small ground floor house […], where the Capellmeister CM von Weber some Time lived. ")
- 1828: February: Garden house (for Hermann's mother, garden land of the Cosel Garden, separated from de Villers)
- 1830: October: Design for a new court theater at the Zwinger , Dresden (for the prince's co-regent Friedrich , not realized)
- 1831–1834: House in Leipzig ( Roman house , for the publisher Hermann Härtel , demolished in 1904)
- 1832: January: Farm building with attached cowshed on the Tanneberg manor (for von Schönberg )
- 1832: April: House in Dresden (for the wine merchant Peyer; Stadtgut at the end of the outer Pirnaische Gasse, close to the Schlag)
- 1832: July: Arnsdorf (for von Beschwitz; probably the Arnsdorf manor acquired in 1831 from the Grand Ducal Weimar Chamberlain Ludwig Wilhelm Ferdinand von Beschwitz )
- 1833: January: House on Moschinsky in Dresden (for de Villers)
- 1833: March: Designs for Salis (for Dr. Crusius ; various ideas for decorating the park in the Rüdigsdorf manor , including the fresco designs "from the life of the psyche " for the Schwind pavilion )
- 1833: April: Construction in Wendischbora (for von Rödern)
- 1833/1834: Cotta Castle (for von Leysen )
- 1834: January: in Nossen (for the master mason Hoffmann)
- 1834: February: in Dresden (for von Heynitz von Hermsdorf near Dresden; draft of "Ideals for a functional construction of farm buildings")
- 1834–1837: Building in Leipzig (for the bookseller A. Barth [probably Wilhelm Ambrosius Barth (1790–1851)])
- 1834: March: in Leipzig (for Junghans)
- 1834/1835: in Gamig near Dresden (plans for the palace renovation on the estate of the Chamberlain v. Lüttichau )
- 1834/1835: in Hosterwitz near Dresden (for the Secret Legation Councilor Friedrich Wilhelm von Trautvetter: conversions and extensions at the Keppschloss , Dresdner Straße 97)
- 1835: March: in Maxen near Dresden (for Serre )
- 1835: April: in Marklissa (new residential building for Dr. Heilmann, son-in-law of Colonel von Bissing in Lauban )
- 1835: April: in B [...] berg (for Colonel von Bissing ; possibly the father of Adolph von Bissing auf Beerberg , who took over the Beerberg estate , Lauban district , from that 1842 ?; Drafts for a “Colony in Russia with tenement houses , Blacksmith, farmer's and cottage's apartments ")
- 1835: October: New post office building on the " Platz vor dem Grimmaischer Thore " in Leipzig. Plans (for the bookseller A. Barth [probably Wilhelm Ambrosius Barth (1790-1851)], left by him to the city planning director Albert Geutebrück for implementation without consultation with Hermann )
- 1836: February: Construction in Leipzig (for Nieß)
- 1836: February: Construction in Leipzig (for Gerhardt)
- 1836: April: Drinking establishment in Leipzig (for Dr. Struve ; tavern, bar and colonnade in Gerhardschen Garten, next to the roundabout with the Poniatowski monument)
- 1836: May: Waldenburg . Plan for a pleasure palace in Grünstelder Park (for Prince Schönburg-Waldenburg )
- 1836: September: Construction in Rüdigsdorf near Altenburg (for Dr. Crusius; probably on the manor Rüdigsdorf by Wilhelm Crusius )
- 1836: November: Construction in Leipzig (for the forwarding agent Seyeland or Syeland, Fleischergasse [property "golden ship"])
- 1837: February: in Leipzig, plan (for Dr. Crusius)
- 1837: March: in Leipzig, plan (for Dr. Härtel)
- 1837/1838: in Leipzig (for Heinrich Brockhaus ; furnishing of an apartment on the second floor along with renovation of the FA Brockhaus residential and publishing house )
- 1837: June: in Leipzig (draft of the road facilities and distribution of the plots, suburb in front of the Grimmaischer Thor, as well as draft for a tenement house on the remaining plot [extension of the back alley on the way to Schönfeld], for Dr. Ranft)
- 1837: August: Leipzig (new building on the same street, for bookseller Schwetzschke)
- 1837: August: Church construction in Skeuditz near Leipzig (for the mill owner Pudor in Wehlitz near Schkeuditz , restoration of the St. Albani town church)
- 1837: October: Leipzig (for Dr. Härtel)
- 1838: January: Leipzig (for Boerner)
- 1838: March: Dresden. Plan (for Seyfert)
- 1838: June: Dresden (for de Villers, probably tenement Bürgerwiese 14 , demolished in 1899)
- 1838: July: Purschenstein (reconstruction of Purschenstein Castle for von Schönberg )
- 1839/1840: Dresden (for de Villers, probably apartment building Bürgerwiese 14, demolished in 1899)
- 1839: July: Maxen near Dresden (for Serre)
- 1840: January: Koselitz near Großenhayn (for Schönberg)
- 1840: April: Wechselburg (for von Schönburg )
- 1840: July: Tharandt. Church construction (for Cotta, restoration of the mountain and town church of Tharandt )
- 1840: November: Dresden. Plan (villa on the Marcolini Vorwerk , Bautzner Strasse ; for v. Gutschmid , not realized)
- 1841: January: Dresden (for Haenel)
- 1841: March: Dresden (new house for the painter Friedrich Brockmann and his wife Ottilie Maximiliane Pfersich, Albrechtsgasse 7)
- 1842: January: Dresden. Plan (for Hannemann, Antonstadt, Wasserstraße, not implemented)
- 1842: April: Dresden-Neustadt. Plan (for Hantzsch)
- 1842: April: Meissen. Plan (for Häntzsche)
- 1842/1843: Dresden (remodeling of an existing building with a new building [today Königstraße 25]; for his brother; large garden plot on Bautzner Platz as an extension of Königstraße , former town clerk Tenius)
- 1842: Dresden. Plan (draft for a tower for the Dreikönigskirche , not published)
- 1842/1843: Tharandt (new residential building for Plitt, brother-in-law of Friedrich Brockmann; house as a modification of the fraternal house in Dresden)
- 1843: February: Hainsberg near Dresden (for the dead)
- 1843: February: Dresden (for von Lengerke; he had bought the "Villa auf Cosels" from de Villers, which Hermann put back in "good condition" without any changes)
- 1843: April: Dresden. Stairs to the Brühlschen Terrasse (for the hat maker Johann Traugott Borisch, Große Fischergasse 6, since 1849 Münzgasse 6, since 1889 Münzgasse 11)
- 1843: June: Dresden. Plan (for Häussler)
- 1843: June: Vineyard near Dresden (for the Dresden wine merchant Hantzsch, conversion of a dilapidated horse stable into a winegrower's house and conversion of a cowshed into a greenhouse, later conversion of a mansion into the Hantzsch Villa on the Oberlößnitz Jägerberg )
- 1843: November: Dresden (for Madame Schönberg)
- 1844: January: Dresden (for Kunitz)
- 1844: January: Niederstriegis near Roßwein. Plan (draft church building, for pastor ax , not realized)
- 1844: February: Plan (for Dr. Härtel)
- 1844: August: Vineyard near Dresden (for Hantzsch, artificial ruin and Blechburg observation tower , on the Oberlößnitzer Jägerberg)
- 1844: August: Rittergut Cotta (horse stable for von Burckhardt [Eduard von Burchardi], husband of Elwine used by Leyser née Härtel, daughter of Gottfried Christoph Härtel )
- 1844: September: Dresden. Plan (draft for a house extension on the property of Elisens Ruhe or Hopfgarten , for Götz)
- 1844: September: Dresden. Plan for a "local for meetings" of the Society of Flora (for the chemist Houpe)
- 1845: February: Poland. Plan for a funeral chapel (for Countess von Rudoltowska)
- 1845/1847: Dresden (for the wine merchant H. Hantzsch; residential and commercial building with side wings in the large plauenschen Gasse; use of Portland cement for sealing and for casting decorative sculptures for a pavilion in the garden)
- 1845/1847: Manor Löthain near Meißen (for von Roemer )
- 1846: January: Dresden (for von Kapelle)
- 1846: May: Oberau near Meißen (for Kapinski)
- 1846: October: Dresden. Plan (for Grützner)
- 1846: October: Dresden. Plan (for Bähr)
- 1847: April: Dresden. Drafts (for Rietzschel)
- 1847: July: Leipzig. Plan (for D. Wiegand)
- 1848: January: Dresden. Idea sketch for a "local for singing and music performances" (for Kapellmeister Richard Wagner and the court orchestra ; on Ostraallee at the location of the royal silver laundry, opposite the kennel portal, two-wing building also on Gerbergasse, relocation of Malergässchen; not realized)
Building-related painting
- 1832: April: "Alteration and decoration" of the Salomonis pharmacy in Dresden (for Struve )
- 1833: March: Designs for Salis (for Dr. Crusius ; various ideas for decorating the park in the Rüdigsdorf manor , including the fresco designs "from the life of the psyche " for the Schwind pavilion )
- 1834: March: Concert hall in Leipzig (redecoration of the concert hall of the Gewandhaus , which had only recently been renovated but was scandalized by the public as the "devil's kitchen" ; for Dr. Donnier)
- 1837: February: Business school in Leipzig (for the administrator Advocat Dr. Modes; drafts for the design of the examination room, realized by the history painter Gustav Adolph Hennig )
- 1837: November: Weimar designs for the palace decoration (for the Duchess of Weimar )
- 1838: January: Weimar (for the Duchess of Weimar; design of the pilasters in the Schiller Room of the Residenzschloss, the medallions of which contain scenes from Schiller's bell )
- 1844: May: "Decoration of the concert hall of the Uniongesellschaft" in Bremen (for Wolte; probably the " UNION of 1801 (Am Wall 201, House of Union) ", canceled around 1905)
Fonts
- Woldemar Hermann: Diary of my sphere of activity in architecture. Edited by Eckhart Schleinitz, Michael Schleinitz. Notschriften Verlag, Radebeul 2006, ISBN 978-3-933753-88-5 .
literature
- Frank Andert (Red.): Radebeul City Lexicon . Historical manual for the Loessnitz . Published by the Radebeul City Archives. 2nd, slightly changed edition. City archive, Radebeul 2006, ISBN 3-938460-05-9 .
- Walther Schleinitz: From the youth of the Roman-German master builder and painter Woldemar Hermann (1807–1878). Notschriften Verlag, Radebeul 2005, ISBN 978-3-933753-60-1 .
- Friedbert Ficker , Gert Morzinek, Barbara Mazurek: Ernst Ziller - A Saxon architect and building researcher in Greece; The Ziller family. Kunstverlag Josef Fink, Lindenberg i. Allgäu 2003, ISBN 3898700763 .
Web links
- Literature by and about Woldemar Hermann in the catalog of the German National Library
- Frank Andert: Woldemar Hermann, an almost forgotten architect. (PDF; 168 kB).
Individual evidence
- ↑ Woldemar Hermann; Eckhart Schleinitz (ed.); Michael Schleinitz (Ed.): 2006, p. 7.
- ↑ Friedbert Ficker Gert Morzinek, Barbara Mazurek: Ernst Ziller - A Saxon architect and architectural historian in Greece; The Ziller family. Kunstverlag Josef Fink, Lindenberg i. Allgäu 2003, ISBN 3898700763 , p. 8.
- ↑ Jägerberg. In: Frank Andert (Red.): Stadtlexikon Radebeul . Historical manual for the Loessnitz . Published by the Radebeul City Archives. 2nd, slightly changed edition. City archive, Radebeul 2006, ISBN 3-938460-05-9 , p. 92 .
- ↑ Frank Andert: Woldemar Hermann, an almost forgotten architect. (PDF file; 168 kB), accessed on April 16, 2013.
- ↑ Anita Niederlag: Cabinet exhibition from July 10 to September 20, 2007 in the State Office for the Preservation of Monuments in Saxony: Woldemar Herrmann - architect and painter (1807–1878). Pp. 105-106.
- ↑ Woldemar Hermann; Eckhart Schleinitz (ed.); Michael Schleinitz (Ed.): 2006, pp. 8-11.
- ↑ The Wasserpalais on Cosel (domed villa, Viller's villa) at the mouth of the Prießnitz at Holzhofgasse 12 in Dresden (built in 1827, burned down in 1945).
- ↑ 800 years of Arnsdorf manor history; From Maltitz to Beschwitz. Retrieved April 16, 2013.
- ^ Ludwig Wilhelm Ferdinand Freiherr von Beschwitz. Retrieved April 16, 2013.
- ↑ Woldemar Hermann; Eckhart Schleinitz (ed.); Michael Schleinitz (Ed.): 2006, p. 34.
- ↑ Woldemar Hermann; Eckhart Schleinitz (ed.); Michael Schleinitz (Ed.): 2006, p. 42 f.
- ↑ Woldemar Hermann; Eckhart Schleinitz (ed.); Michael Schleinitz (Ed.): 2006, pp. 46–50.
- ↑ Woldemar Hermann; Eckhart Schleinitz (ed.); Michael Schleinitz (Ed.): 2006, p. 53.
- ↑ Woldemar Hermann; Eckhart Schleinitz (ed.); Michael Schleinitz (Ed.): 2006, pp. 53-55.
- ↑ Woldemar Hermann; Eckhart Schleinitz (ed.); Michael Schleinitz (Ed.): 2006, p. 56 f.
- ↑ Woldemar Hermann; Eckhart Schleinitz (ed.); Michael Schleinitz (Ed.): 2006, p. 62 f.
- ^ Corrected from Schönberg to Schönburg.
- ↑ Woldemar Hermann; Eckhart Schleinitz (ed.); Michael Schleinitz (Ed.): 2006, pp. 85-87.
- ↑ Woldemar Hermann; Eckhart Schleinitz (ed.); Michael Schleinitz (Ed.): 2006, p. 88.
- ^ The Dresden photographers Friedrich Brockmann and Rudolph Tamme ( Memento from September 27, 2007 in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ Woldemar Hermann; Eckhart Schleinitz (ed.); Michael Schleinitz (Ed.): 2006, p. 88.
- ↑ Woldemar Hermann; Eckhart Schleinitz (ed.); Michael Schleinitz (Ed.): 2006, p. 92 f.
- ↑ The hat maker Johann Traugott Borisch was the owner of the house at Große Fischergasse 622 from at least 1831 to 1866 , the neighboring house of the corner house, later known as the steamship hotel and famous in Malerblick, at Große Fischergasse 623, from 1839 Große Fischergasse 7, from 1849 Münzgasse 7, from 1888 Terrassengasse 22. A hat maker Ernst Eduard Borisch was mentioned in 1837 and 1838 in the house at Große Fischergasse 622, and from 1839 on, it operated on Hauptstrasse 159 in Neustadt. From at least 1831 bis 1848 the Hatter Johann Gottlieb Boerner worked for Borisch and lived in the home, " two steps " high before 1849 internal Rampeschegasse 3 in the parterre changed its name. In the 1867 address book, Borisch's heirs are named as owners .
- ↑ Woldemar Hermann; Eckhart Schleinitz (ed.); Michael Schleinitz (Ed.): 2006, p. 98 f.
- ↑ Woldemar Hermann; Eckhart Schleinitz (ed.); Michael Schleinitz (Ed.): 2006, p. 108 f.
- ↑ Woldemar Hermann; Eckhart Schleinitz (ed.); Michael Schleinitz (Ed.): 2006, p. 110 f.
- ↑ Woldemar Hermann; Eckhart Schleinitz (ed.); Michael Schleinitz (Ed.): 2006, pp. 110–119.
- ↑ Woldemar Hermann; Eckhart Schleinitz (ed.); Michael Schleinitz (Ed.): 2006, p. 119.
- ↑ Woldemar Hermann; Eckhart Schleinitz (ed.); Michael Schleinitz (Ed.): 2006, p. 40 f.
- ↑ Woldemar Hermann; Eckhart Schleinitz (ed.); Michael Schleinitz (Ed.): 2006, p. 58 f.
- ↑ Woldemar Hermann; Eckhart Schleinitz (ed.); Michael Schleinitz (Ed.): 2006, p. 66 f.
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Hermann, Woldemar |
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES | Hermann, Hans Woldemar (full name) |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | German painter and architect |
| DATE OF BIRTH | June 20, 1807 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Dresden |
| DATE OF DEATH | uncertain: April 15, 1878 |
| Place of death | Dresden |