Alban pride

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Alban Stolz around 1850
Alban Stolz around 1865

Alban Isidor Stolz (born February 3, 1808 in Bühl (Baden) , † October 16, 1883 in Freiburg im Breisgau ) was an anti-Semitic German Catholic theologian, folk writer and educationalist .

Life

His father was a respected pharmacist in Bühl, due to the large number of siblings, taking over the pharmacy for Alban Stolz was unthinkable.

After graduating from high school in Rastatt , he began studying law at the University of Freiburg , but after a few months switched to Catholic theology , which at that time was strongly influenced by rationalism . Unsure if Catholic theology is right for him, he moved in 1830 to the Evangelical embossed Heidelberg University , where he studied philology , pedagogy and literature . A sermon at Christmas time in 1831 strengthened his Catholic faith. He returned to Freiburg and was ordained a priest in 1833 , after having previously studied in the seminary. In Rotenfels and later in Neusatz he became vicar and finally in 1842/43 religion teacher at the grammar school in Bruchsal , where he wrote his first literary works. In 1842 he took over the post of repetitor at the Collegium Theologicum in Freiburg and finally became its director in 1845. Also in 1845 he received his doctorate on the catechetical interpretation of the Freiburg diocesan catechism by Johann Baptist von Hirscher .

Two years later he was given the chair for pastoral theology and education at the University of Freiburg and in 1848 became a full professor. From 1859 to 1860 he was prorector of the university and in 1865 received an honorary doctorate from the University of Vienna ; In 1868 he was finally given the title of clergyman .

For years, Alban Stolz corresponded with the Protestant pastor's daughter and later poet Cordula Wöhler , to whose transfer to the Catholic Church he made a significant contribution. He was also friends with the Baden baron Friedrich von Drais , who converted to Catholicism under his influence and became a Benedictine.

Stolz died of pneumonia shortly after his 50th anniversary as a priest and was buried in Bühl. His grave is in the cemetery chapel Maria zum Solst .

Folk writer

Proud was a Catholic folk writer. His 1843 anonymous calendar for time and eternity for the common people and on the side for clergy and secular gentlemen was viewed so critically that the publisher Villinger wanted to withdraw it; However, it was then so successful that it appeared in a total of over 30 editions and was also distributed in Protestant areas.

His travels to Spain , Turkey and the Holy Land , among others , inspired him to write a number of works, some of which were also translated. His extensive correspondence and a diary have also been preserved. His first biography appeared as early as 1884, a year after his death . Alban Stolz was a widely read writer until the middle of the 20th century. The change in values ​​that occurred after the Second World War meant that his works have been published less often since then.

As a “representative of Catholic hostility towards Jews in ultramontane provenance”, Stolz wrote countless anti-Semitic articles in his folk calendars in which he used animal, plant and epidemic metaphors to accuse Jews of hatred and subversion against Christianity. In addition to the “ press ” and “ haggling Jews ”, Stolz polemicized against Berthold Auerbach , Heinrich Heine and Felix Mendelssohn Bartholdy . Pride added the traditional clichés of anti-Judaism to the alleged genetic condition of Jewish deficits, thus approaching racist ideas. His anti-modernist attitude is also reflected in his demand to refuse absolution to Catholics who , despite previous admonitions, continue to subscribe to a liberal newspaper.

His works have been published in a uniform edition (“Gesammelte Werke”) by the Herder publishing house since around 1870 ; the last edition of this complete edition was published in 1913 and comprises twenty-one volumes in octave format (altogether around ten thousand pages). In addition, from 1898 a so-called “Cheap People's Edition” of the main writings appeared in fourteen volumes (in a smaller format).

Of the letters that Stolz wrote - he himself once said that his life was stuffed with writing paper - only relatively few have survived and published:

  • Providence and guidance. Images of converts , three volumes (Freiburg: Herder, 1909–1913, etc.)
  • Alban Stolz and the Ringseis sisters. A friendly spring war (Freiburg: Herder, 1912 and other).

The handwritten legacy (the diaries kept from 1827 to 1882, over 1000 letters from and to Stolz and others) is in the Archbishopric Archive Freiburg .

Fonts

Contemporary book edition by Alban Stolz

His collected works in twenty-one volumes (information based on the 1913 edition):

  • I. Visit to Sem, Cham and Japhet or travel to the Holy Land
  • II. Spanish for the educated world, with something Turkish along with grades
  • III. Compass for life and death [Collective edition of the calendar for time and eternity: Mixture against fear of death. For the common people and besides for spiritual and secular gentlemen; The human plant or how to educate yourself and others; God's picture book; ABC for tall people]
  • IV. The Lord's Prayer and the Infinite Greeting [Collective edition of the calendars for time and eternity: The Lord's Prayer, first to third part; The infinite greeting]
  • V. Scents of the Soul [Diaries I]
  • VI. Wild Honey [Diaries II]
  • VII. Saint Elizabeth. A book for Christians
  • VIII. Little things. First collection [of the smaller journalistic works, brochures, leaflets, etc.]
  • IX. Art of education
  • X. Little things. Last collection [gleanings of the smaller journalistic texts]
  • XI. Drought Herbs [Diaries III]
  • XII. Juniper spirit against the basic evils of the world: stupidity, sin and misery [Collective edition of the calendar for time and eternity: cabbage black with a red thread; Poverty and money matters; Saint Vincent de Paul; The crucified mercy; A piece of bread]
  • XIII. Homiletics as an Instruction to Preach the Gospel to the Poor [from the estate]
  • XIV. The Nightingale of God [Collective edition of the calendars for time and eternity: The life of holy Germana; Misericordia; The noblest art; The eight bliss; Who is like God?; The school of God; Spirit, star and human world]
  • XV.-XVIII. Legend or The Christian Starry Sky (four volumes; also published in numerous editions in one volume in-4 °)
  • XIX. Sermons. Early speeches and addresses [from the estate]
  • XX. Sermons for the Sundays of the church year [from the estate]
  • XXI. Festive and occasional sermons [from the estate]

A register of the collected works was also published (214 pages)

Honors and their withdrawal

Bust of Alban Stolz 'in front of the Konviktskirche

In front of the Konviktskirche of the Collegium Borromaeum in Freiburg there is a monument with a bronze bust designed by the sculptor Emil Stadelhofer . There are different views in Freiburg about their removal: The Archdiocese of Freiburg , like the city's mayor of culture, Ulrich von Kirchbach , would have liked to remove the monument, but initially failed with a request to the monument protection authority. Although the monument is uncomfortable, it enjoys environmental protection together with the surrounding square and the church. The statue also has artistic value. Critical explanatory notes are recommended. An objection has been lodged against the decision of the monument protection authority.

Also in Freiburg, a day-care center and a Catholic student residence were named after Alban Stolz. In 2017, the dormitory was renamed because of pride's anti-Semitic statements and dedicated to Alban von Mainz , the renaming of the day-care center is planned (as of September 2019).

The renaming of Alban-Stolz-Straße in the Freiburg district of Zähringen was planned according to the report of a historian commission commissioned by the city of Freiburg in October 2016 and decided by the city council on July 14, 2020.

Streets in Bischweier , Bühl (Baden) , Ettlingen , Gaggenau , Lauda-Königshofen , Offenburg and Waldkirch are also named after the theologian. In Bühl (Baden), the municipal council unanimously initiated the process of renaming the street on January 22, 2020.

In the center of Bühl-Neusatz there is a bronze commemorative plaque. In Bühl (Baden) the Catholic parish hall bears the name of Alban Stolz.

literature

  • Franz Heinrich Reusch :  Alban Stolz . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 36, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1893, pp. 421-424.
  • Heinrich Herz: Alban Stolz . Publishing house of the Catholic People's Association, Mönchengladbach 1916 and 1920.
  • Franz Hulshof: Alban Stolz in his development as a writer . Wächter-Verlag, Graz 1931.
  • Elisabeth Mackscheid: Education for the salvation of the soul. Critical reading by the Catholic educator Alban Stolz . Matthias Grünewald Verlag, Mainz 1982, ISBN 3-7867-0980-7 (diss.)
  • Klaus Roos: Alban Stolz, one of the greats of the 19th century. His calendars and their main concerns . Edition Stolz, Freiburg 1983, ISBN 3-923138-15-6 (Diss.)
  • Michael Langer: Between prejudice and aggression. On the image of Jews in the German-speaking Catholic popular education of the 19th century (= series learning process Christians Jews Volume 9). ISBN 3-451-23443-2 Herder, Freiburg 1994, p. 12ff.
  • Gerhard Kaller:  Proud, Alban Isidor. In: Biographisch-Bibliographisches Kirchenlexikon (BBKL). Volume 10, Bautz, Herzberg 1995, ISBN 3-88309-062-X , Sp. 1559-1561.  ( Article / beginning of article in Internet archive )
  • Tanja C. Muller: The racial anti-Semitism in Alban Stolz in the context of Central European anti-Semitic propaganda . In: Peter Fassl, Friedmann Harzer, Berndt Herrmann (eds.): Jewish literary history in Swabia. A search for traces (= history and culture of the Jews in Swabia , Volume 5 / Irseer Schriften , NF Volume 11). Konstanz, Munich 2016, p. 63ff.

Web links

Wikisource: Alban Stolz  - Sources and full texts
Commons : Alban Stolz  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Catechetical interpretation of the Freiburg Diöcesan Catechism for clergy, teachers and parents . Karlsruhe, Freiburg 1844 Vol. 1 and 1845 Vol. 2 online (Bayerische Staatsbibliothek).
  2. ^ David August Rosenthal : Convertite pictures from the nineteenth century , Volume 1, 3rd part, Schaffhausen 1872, pp. 444–447.
  3. ↑ Wilfried Lienhard: Discussion about Alban Stolz reaches Bühl ( Acher and Bühler Bote , November 17, 2016, accessed on January 2, 2018)
  4. ↑ Michael Langer: The image of the Jews in the Catholic popular education of the 19th century. In: House of History Baden-Württemberg (ed.): Side by side - with each other - against each other? On the coexistence of Jews and Catholics in southern Germany in the 19th and 20th centuries. Laupheim Talks 2000. Bleicher, Gerlingen 2002, pp. 35–61.
  5. ↑ Uwe Mauch, Kirchbach: The statue has to go . Badische Zeitung of June 27, 2020 [1]
  6. ^ Archdiocese gives Alban-Stolz-Haus a new name , Badische Zeitung, January 22, 2017.
  7. ^ Caritas Freiburg - Alban Stolz day care center *. Retrieved September 22, 2019
  8. ↑ Commission recommends renaming Freiburg street names. In: Website of the city of Freiburg. Retrieved July 19, 2020 .
  9. ↑ Alban-Stolz-Straße in Freiburg is also to be renamed , Badische Zeitung, July 7, 2019. Retrieved September 22, 2019.
  10. ↑ Meeting of July 14, 2020 of the municipal council. In: Website of the city of Freiburg. Retrieved July 19, 2020 .
  11. ^ Expulsion for anti-Semites and Nazi propaganda. In: Official Journal of the City of Freiburg. Retrieved July 19, 2020 .
  12. ↑ In Bühl, Alban Stolz is supposed to disappear from the street sign. BNN, January 22, 2020, accessed January 30, 2020 .
personal data
SURNAME Proud, Alban
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Proud Alban Isidore (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German Catholic theologian, folk writer and educationalist
DATE OF BIRTH February 3, 1808
PLACE OF BIRTH Buhl
DATE OF DEATH October 16, 1883
Place of death Freiburg in Breisgau