Ammer (Neckar)

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Bunting
Ammer course from the source to the Neckar

Ammer course from the source to the Neckar

Data
Water code DE : 23816
location Baden-Württemberg
River system Rhine
Drain over Neckar  → Rhine  → North Sea
swell southwest of Herrenberg in the Leiblesgrube.
48 ° 35 ′ 3 ″  N , 8 ° 51 ′ 12 ″  E
Source height approx.  411  m above sea level NN 
muzzle in Tübingen. Lustnau in den Neckar Coordinates: 48 ° 31 '33 "  N , 9 ° 5' 15"  E 48 ° 31 '33 "  N , 9 ° 5' 15"  E
Mouth height approx.  317  m above sea level NN 
Height difference approx. 94 m
Bottom slope approx. 4.2 ‰
length 22.5 km
Catchment area 238.261 km²
Left tributaries Aischbach, Kochhart, Käsbach, Enzbach, Himbach, Weilersbach, Käsenbach , Iglersbach, Gutleuthausbach, Goldersbach
Communities Ammerbuch
Ammerquelle near Herrenberg

Ammerquelle near Herrenberg

Ammer estuary near Lustnau

The Ammer is a 22.5 km long left tributary of the Neckar in Baden-Württemberg .

The name goes back to the Celtic word "amra", which means "water" among other things.

geography

course

The Ammer originates from five spring pots southwest of Herrenberg in the Boeblingen district . From there, the Ammer flows through the valley named after it on the southern edge of the Schönbuch Nature Park as well as the communities giltstein and Ammerbuch , merges with the Goldersbach in the area of ​​the university town of Tübingen and flows a little later in the Tübingen district of Lustnau from the left into the upper Neckar. On its way of 22.5 km, the Ammer falls around 94 meters.

The Ammer crosses the villages of Validstein (Herrenberg), Altingen , Reusten , Poltringen , Pfäffingen (all Ammerbuch ), Unterjesingen (Tübingen), the hamlets of Ammern and Tübingen.

Hydrological source branch

Already 260 m after the Ammer emerges from its main source, the year-round water-bearing Aischbach flows into it from the left, which has already covered more than four kilometers of flow and, as a rule, carries more water than the Ammer. From a hydrological point of view it is therefore the main spring arm of the bunting.

The Aischbach is water-bearing all year round from its crossing under the dam of the Gäubahn near the Herrenberg train station. The water flow above the embankment is unstable. Several ditches converge there, draining the northern and western areas in particular around Herrenberg and starting in the municipal areas of Jettingen and Mötzingen in the west. Their brook valleys were formed very early in terms of geological history; today, however, these ditches only temporarily carry water after heavy rainfall.

The Herrenberg Basin

The Ammer is the only outflow of the Herrenberg Basin that lies like a large topographical basin between the Schönbuch in the east, the foothills of the Black Forest in the west and the higher parts of the Upper Gäus in the north and south and drains over the Aischbach into the Ammer. This still flows through the municipalities of giltstein and Altingen in a wide valley, but then forms a narrow ditch at Reusten. In it the Ammer cuts through the so-called Reustener Saddle, the southeastern edge of the Herrenberg Basin, which bulged around five million years ago in the Pliocene. At that time, the Swabian Alb and Black Forest also rose, the Ammer was probably already flowing roughly on its course today. Since the ground rose slowly, she had enough time to cut into the rock and she was not forced in any other direction.

Tributaries

Listed from source to mouth.

Official origin of the Ammer southwest of Herrenberg from several sources in the Leiblesgrube.

  • Aischbach (!), From the left southwest of Herrenberg , 4.3 km and 17.3 km². (The Ammer itself is only 0.3 km long and has a catchment area of ​​0.1 km².)
  • Buchengraben , from the right at the second Ammermühle, 5.7 km and 3.9 km².
  • Gutleuthaustalgraben, from the left before the third Ammermühle, 2.0 km.
  • Klettentalgraben, from the right after the third Ammermühle, 2.0 km.
  • Metzelbrunnengraben, from the right between the Kochmühle and the Geltsteinmühle into the right-hand mill channel of the Kochmühle, 0.8 km.
  • Meisenbrunnengraben, from the right to the sports area south of Herrenberg- giltstein , 0.8 km.
  • Salzgraben, from the left south of Validstein an der Sägmühle, 2.1 km.
  • Flow ditch, from the right from the floodplain into the right Mühlkanal Altingen near Ammerbuch - Altingen , 0.6 km.
  • Schmalbach , from the right in Altingen into the side ditch, 5.2 km and approx. 11.7 km².
  • Meter ditch, from the left on the northern edge of Ammerbuch- Reusten , 2.0 km.
  • Kochhart (Feminine, also: Kochhartgraben, Cookinghartgraben or Enzgraben), from the right in southern Reusten, 15.6 km and 46.5 km².
  • Türlesbach, from the left between Reusten and Ammerbuch- Poltringen , 1.2 km. Shortly before the estuary, it flows through a 1.8 hectare lake (filled former quarry).
  • Basermannsgraben, from the right in Poltringen, 1.9 km.
  • Engwiesenbach, from the right at the end of Poltringen, 1.4 km.
  • Käsbach , from the left in Ammerbuch- Pfäffingen , 6.1 km and 15.5 km².
  • Sulzbach, from the right through Pfäffingen, 0.8 km.
  • Enzbach, from the left near Tübingen- Unterjesingen , 2.1 km and 2.2 km².
  • Exit of the Ammer Canal, to the right at the Ammern domain below Unterjesingen
  • Landgraben, from the right into the Ammer Canal from the wide floodplain opposite Unterjesingen immediately after its departure, 2.5 km.
  • Himbachgraben, from the left just a little before the next, 0.4 km.
  • Himbach , from the left between Unterjesingen and Tübingen , 4.3 km and 4.4 km².
  • Weilerbach , from the left in Tübingen-Weststadt , 3.9 km and 4.9 km².
  • Ammerkanal-Ammer connection canal, from the right in Tübingen-Weststadt, 0.2 km.
  • Bach from the Hellerloch, from the right in Tübingen-Weststadt into the Ammer Canal , 0.9 km.
  • Aischbach (!), From the left in Tübingen, 1.1 km and 0.5 km². Almost completely overturned, most recently under Aischbachstrasse
  • Käsenbach , from the left in the Old Botanical Garden, 2.5 km and 2.7 km².
  • Return of the Ammer Canal, from the right on the western edge of the Old Botanical Garden, 4.6 km.
  • Iglersbach, from the left near the Wächterstrasse, 1.1 km and 0.5 km². Long lost.
  • Gutleuthausbach , from the left at the Ammerbrücke on Köstlinstrasse, 1.6 km and 1.7 km².
  • Goldersbach , from the left in Tübingen- Lustnau opposite the Österberg, 18.6 km and 72.9 km².

The mouth of the Ammer after 22.5 km from the official sources in Tübingen - Lustnau from the left and west into the Neckar .

Ammer Canal

Ammer Canal flows into the Neckar at the Neckar Bridge

Since 1493, the Ammer Canal has been branching off to the right at the Ammerhof , called Neue Ammer at this altitude and initially flowing parallel to the river towards Tübingen. While the Ammer itself only touches the medieval city limits of Tübingen on its north side, the Ammer Canal, also popularly known as the Stadtammer , flows through the old town before dividing again at the nunnery and into two underground channels, once on the southern edge of the Old Botanical Garden the Ammer, on the other hand, flows under the Mühlstrasse into the Neckar. The Ammer Canal was previously used to drive various mills and for the copper hammer.

Protected areas

The Ammer flows through several protected areas. In the upper reaches of the Herrenberg area in the Boeblingen district, the Ammertal nature reserve from the origin to the Kochmühle with the surrounding area with an area of ​​65.6 hectares, identified by ordinance of the Boeblingen District Office of October 10, 1974 (reserve number 1.15.036).

There are two landscape protection areas in the Tübingen district. The Upper Ammertal area with the Merkental side valley on the Ammerbuch mark is 20.2 hectares and has been protected since June 21, 1982 (protected area number 4.16.011). This is followed by the Lower Ammertal area . It has also been designated as a landscape protection area since October 6, 1999. The area lies within the boundaries of the cities of Rottenburg am Neckar and Tübingen.

Management

The Ammertal is also called the “valley of the mills”. Until 1930 there were a good two dozen mills between Validstein and the confluence of the Ammer with the Neckar in Tübingen. Today there are only mills in Validstein and Reusten and the Obere Mühle Kienzlen in Unterjesingen.

On the southern slopes of the Ammer valley of Ammerbuch- Breitenholz to Tübingen Unterjesingen is wine grown. The Upper Neckar area is the smallest in the Württemberg wine-growing region .

See also

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Topographic map 1: 25,000
  2. ↑ According to LUBW-FG10 (data record entry).
  3. ↑ Sum of the sub-catchment areas according to LUBW-GEZG (data record entries).
  4. ↑ Length with origin as a dirt road ditch between Jettingen and Jettingen-Oberjettingen. However, the constantly water-bearing section only begins about 15 km above the mouth at the crossing under the L 1076 between Mötzingen and Gäufelden - Öschelbronn . Shortly thereafter, the Haldengraben flows from the right , which is consistently water-bearing on a longer lower course, but overall significantly shorter, even including its own dry upper course, which begins at Mötzingen.
  5. ↑ Name according to LUBW-FG10, consistent in the data record entry and as card labeling there. However, a settlement road along the course of the stream is called Am Weilersbach.
  6. ↑ Gutleuthausbach on www.tuepedia.de.
  7. ^ Tübinger Chronik, September 9, 1891

Web links

Commons : Ammer  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Geoportal Baden-Württemberg ( information ), especially with the partial maps / layers