Neukirchen Office (Knüll)

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Landgraviate of Hessen-Kassel
Neukirchen Office
main place Neukirchen
founding 1331
resolution 1821
Incorporated into Ziegenhain district
Villages and hamlets 14th
Cities 1

The Neukirchen office , based in Neukirchen (Knüll) , was created by Count Johann I von Ziegenhain in the period soon after 1331 and existed, with brief interruptions and several redesigns, until 1867.

Goat Grove County

As part of a reorganization of the court and official administration of his county, Johann I had a castle built in Neukirchen shortly before 1331, where he installed the knight Helwig von Rückershausen as hereditary castle man, and formed the Neukirchen office, which was initially Neukirchen, Asterode , Nausis , Oberschrecksbach , Kesingen , Wincherode , Immichenhain , Berfa and Hattendorf included. From 1340 onwards, the Counts of Ziegenhain expanded the new administrative center by acquiring larger estates in the Neukirchen area, and Neukirchen developed into a town within less than three decades. In 1361 the Neukirchen court was set up, to which a total of 12 locations were added that had previously belonged to the court on the Wasen . These were Neukirchen, Asterode, Nausis, Rückershausen , Riebelsdorf, Steina , (Nieder-) Schrecksbach , Kesingen, Wincherode, Immichenhain, Berfa and Hattendorf.

When Neukirchen was granted city rights in 1368, the city court, with jurisdiction over the lower jurisdiction , which was shared equally between the city council and the sovereign , was separated from the Neukirchen regional court; however, the high and embarrassing jurisdiction remained with the Neukirchen court, which was almost identical to the Neukirchen office.

As early as 1368, the Neukirchen office was at least partially pledged to financially strong nobles, who then mostly also acted as local officials, and even after the county of Ziegenhain fell to the Landgraviate of Hesse in 1450, the office was repeatedly pledged to the respective officials.

Landgraviate of Hesse

In the years 1475 and 1482, the Neukirchen office and court included the towns of Asterode , Berfa , Ellenrode (today Wüstung), Hattendorf , Holzburg , Nausis , Riebelsdorf , Rückershausen and Schrecksbach .

In the 16th century, the (regional) court of Neukirchen, which was almost identical to the office, had high and low jurisdiction and was also responsible for the city with regard to the high jurisdiction. If the verdict of the (regional) court in penitential matters was ambiguous, the Neukirchen City Court acted as the Oberhof. The Treysa City Court was the main court for embarrassing cases in the city and the city . From 1570 the embarrassing cases in the office and city of Neukirchen were then negotiated in Ziegenhain . A mayor in Neukirchen is mentioned for the first time in 1543; he presided over the regional and city courts and upheld the landgrave's rights. The Neukirchener Schultheiss also presided over the Röllshausen court from 1606 and the Ottrau court from 1609 .

In the course of the 16th century, the Ottrau and Röllshausen courts newly acquired by Hesse were also integrated into the Neukirchen office.

In the 18th century, the districts of Asterode, Görzhain , Hattendorf, Holzburg, Nausis, Riebelsdorf, Rückershausen, Schrecksbach and the farms Krausenberg and Wincherode as well as the noble estates Brünchenhain , Eigenhof, Immichenhain and Völkershof belonged to the Neukirchen office .

Kingdom of Westphalia

During the short period of the Kingdom of Westphalia from 1807 to 1813, the Neukirchen office was abolished and the canton of Neukirchen in the Hersfeld district was formed instead .

Kurhessen

With the restitution of Kurhessen in 1814, the Neukirchen office was re-established.

As part of the administrative reform of the Electorate of Hesse in 1821, jurisdiction and administration were separated. The Neukirchen office was dissolved. The new district of Ziegenhain was given its administrative function, and a judicial office was set up in Neukirchen for jurisdiction. The judicial district of the new Neukirchen Justice Office had 7467 inhabitants. It consisted of:

  • the previous office of Neukirchen, without Berffa and Görzhain,
  • Schwarzenborn together with the farms Kämmershagen and Richberg, as well as Hauptschwend, from the previous office of Neuenstein,
  • Christerode, from the previous office Oberaula, and
  • Seigertshauscn together with Hergetsmühle and Happersmühle, from the previous office of Ziegenhain.

Prussia

After the annexation of Kurhessen by Prussia in 1867 the judicial office became the district court of Neukirchen.

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ The places Falkenhain , Frankenhain Treisbach (near Sebbeterode), Schönau and Sachsenhausen originally belonging to the court on the Wasen came to the newly formed office Schönstein at the same time ; the places Allendorf an der Landsburg , Michelsberg as well as Klein-Allendorf , Holzmannshausen , Diemerode and Knechtbach (half), the last four today desolations , came to the newly formed Landsburg office . ( Ziegenhain, Schwalm-Eder-Kreis. Historical local dictionary for Hesse. In: Landesgeschichtliches Informationssystem Hessen (LAGIS).)
  2. ↑ Ludwig Lüders (ed.): Diplomatic Archive for Europe: a collection of documents with historical introductions , Volume 2, 2nd section, Baumgärtner, Leipzig 1821 and 1822, p. 567

Web links

literature

  • Georg Landau: Description of the Electorate of Hesse. Theodor Fischer, Kassel 1842 (PDF 42.6 MB; as of December 17, 2008).