Antoine de Toulongeon

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Antoine de Toulongeon, depiction around 1473
Antoines de Toulongeon coat of arms

Antoine de Toulongeon (also Thoulongeon ) (* 1385 ; † September 29, 1432 ) was one of the great soldiers of the Hundred Years War . He was the ambassador of Burgundy in England and France, chamberlain and marshal of Burgundy and governor general of Burgundy and Charolais for the frequently absent duke. He was one of the first knights of the Order of the Golden Fleece .

Antoine de Toulongeon is the son of Tristan de Toulongeon (1350-1399), Baron de Sennecey , member of the Burgundian Grand Council, and Jeanne de Cotebrune, dite de Chalon. His grandfather Jean de Cotebrune was Marshal of Burgundy, as was Antoine's older brother Jean II. De Toulongeon (1381–1427), Baron de Sennecey et Seigneur de Toulongeon. Another brother was André de Toulongeon , who became Grand Equestrian of France in 1419 and married a daughter of Duke Philip the Good in 1428 . His sister was Jeanne de Toulongeon (1382-1419), the second wife of Henri de Champdivers' and thus sister-in-law of Odette de Champdivers , the mistress of King Charles VI.

biography

In the time of Duke Johann Fearless

Antoine de Toulongeon was lord of Buxy , La Bastie , Montrichard and Traves when he commanded a company in Duke Johann's army in 1414. In 1417 Antoine and his brothers André and Jean II were among the barons who accompanied the duke to Pontoise , Meulan, etc. Marcoussis , Dourdan , Palaiseau and other fortresses surrender to the Burgundians, while Montlhéry must be besieged. On January 9, 1418, Antoine succeeded his brother Jean as captain of Troyes , Champagne and Brie .

Enguerrand de Monstrelet mentions him as one of the lords who were sent by the king and the duke to the siege of Rouen (1418-1419). At that time he was Conseiller et Chambellan du Duc de Bourgogne and had 2000 men under his command. He was one of cooperation with Régnier Pot and Henri Goethals according to the delegation, the free on 22 July 1419 escort Mantes was promised to negotiate with the English king Henry V lead. On August 6th they followed him to Pontoise, but here too the negotiations did not come to a conclusion, so that Henry V finally broke them off. On September 10, 1419, Duke John Fearless was murdered on the bridge of Montereau-Fault-Yonne during a meeting with King Charles VII of France . Antoine de Toulongeon tried in vain to prevent the assassination attempt or its success.

In the time of Duke Philip the Good

The new Duke, Philip the Good , allied with the English because of the murder of his father, which Duke Johann had always avoided, and appointed Antoine de Toulongeon as his representative to the English crown. Upon his return from abroad, he was made governor of the Maréchaussée Burgundy. After the death of his brother Jean II. De Toulongeon on July 10, 1427, Antoine succeeded him on August 6 in Bruges as Marshal of Burgundy, Governor of Burgundy and Charolais.

In 1430 the Marshal raised a force of 4,000 men in Châtillon-sur-Saône and Montbard to conquer the town of Chappes . For several days, 800 of his riders plundered Bar and its surroundings, 150 of them settled in Bar itself. However, the opposing royal captain Barbazan refused the open arms offered by Toulongeon three times , but ambushed the Burgundians. Not until December 13, 1430 came the battle in which Toulongeon was defeated, after which he had to retreat to Châtillon.

When in the following years war broke out in the Duchy of Lorraine between Antoine de Vaudémont and his brother-in-law René d'Anjou , Count von Bar , to succeed Duke Charles II , Marshal Toulongeon, who was friends with Vaudemont, brought the Burgundian Council of State to regard a possible increase in power René as so dangerous that an intervention was considered necessary before René could consider the conquest of Burgundy after a victory. Since the Burgundian nobility was unable to muster enough men to actively counter the threat, Toulongeon traveled to Brussels to see Philip the Good to ask him for support from soldiers from Picardy and Artois . However, the Duke's Brussels council rejected the request, pointing to the equally precarious situation in the Artois, so Toulongeon and Vaudemont began to set up a mercenary army of 1000 to 1200 men who had long lived from looting. Duke Philip sent a few more Picards, and Toulongeon led both groups to Montsaugeon near Langres , where Vaudemont and his followers joined them.

Marshals Antoine de Toulongeon and Antoine de Vergy raided the Barrois via Jonvelle and Châtillon-sur-Seine . The Lorraine under René d'Anjou and a French contingent under Barbazan opposed the Burgundians, and on July 2, 1431, the Battle of Bulgnéville took place near Neufchâteau , in which Toulongeon was wounded in the face, but also a supposedly decisive victory Lorraine carried away. Barbazan died of the wounds he suffered in the battle and René was taken prisoner and later had to pay a ransom of 200,000 thalers to Toulongeon and his heirs .

Antoine de Toulongeon himself died on September 29, 1431, almost three months after his victory, and was buried in the church of Toulongeon near Orgelet in the Jura . His successor as Marshal of Burgundy was Pierre de Bauffremont , a great-grandson of Philippe de Jonvelles .

Marriages and offspring

Antoine de Toulongeon married Béatrice de Saint-Chéron, daughter of Jean; her mother was from the Vergy family . Your children were:

  • Jean III de Toulongeon, Seigneur de Traves, ∞ Claudine de Blâmont, Dame de Vellexon
  • Jeanne de Toulongeon, ∞ Jean de Grandson.
  • Claude de Toulongeon, Seigneur de Toulongeon, Knight of the Order of the Golden Fleece; ∞ Guillemette de Vergy, Dame de Bourbon-Lancy .

In 1424, Antoine de Toulongeon married Catherine de Bourbon, Dame de Clessy, a great-granddaughter of Louis I. de Bourbon . She died in her home in Clessy ( Chassy (Saône-et-Loire) ). Their children were Tristan II, Georges and Catherine de Toulongeon.

See also house Toulongeon

literature

  • Bibliothèque Nationale, manuscript, Fonds français, 32113
  • Dunod de Charnage, Mémoires pour servir à l'histoire du comté de Bourgogne , Besançon, 1740, in-4, X-783, Page: 230-41, Cote BnF: 4 ° Lk2. 749
  • H. Jougla de Morenas (later Comte Raoul de Warren ), Grand armorial de France , Paris, 1934–1949, 6 vol. in-fol., tome: 6, Cote BnF: Fol.Lm1. 209
  • L. Moreri, Le grand dictionnaire historique ... , 20e éd. Paris, 1759, 10 vol. in-fol., tome: 10, Cote BnF: G. 1116-1125
  • La Chenaye-Desbois, Dictionnaire généalogique ... , 3e éd. Paris, 1863–1876, 19 vol. in-4, tome: 19, Cote BnF: 4 ch1. 27. A.
  • Léopold Niepce, Histoire de Sennecey et de ses seigneurs , Chalon-sur-Saône, 1866, in-8, 526, Page, tome: 1; 2, 513, Cote BnF: 8 ° Lk7. 12311
  • Monseigneur J. Fevre, Histoire de Riaucourt , t. 1. Langres, 1882, in-8, Page: 126-7, Cote BnF: 8 ° Lk7. 21945
  • Père Anselme - Potier de Courcy, Histoire de la maison royale de France ... 4e édition corrigée et complétée ... , T. IX, supp. 2e partie (1873–1881) en 2 vol., (Pour la 1re partie du t. IX, supp., Voir A.9.S.), Tome: 2, Cote BnF: Fol. Lm3. 398 B.
  • Jean Richard, "Claude de Toulongeon, sire de la Bastie, et la résistance bourguignonne à Louis XI", in: R. de Smedt (ed.), De Ordre van het Gulden Vlies te Mechelen en 1491 (Handelingen van de koninglijke Kring van Oudheidkunde, Letteren en Kunst van Mechelen, 95/2), Malines 1992, pp. 175–187.
  • Les chevaliers de l'ordre de la Toison d'or au XVe siècle: notices bio-bibliographiques . Edited by Raphael de Smedt. (Kieler Werkstücke, D 3), 2nd, improved edition, Frankfurt 2000 ( ISBN 3-631-36017-7 ), p. 21f.
  • Detlev Schwennicke, European Family Tables Volume XV (1993) Plate 186

Web links

Footnotes

  1. ↑ Collection des Chroniques Nationales Françaises écrites en Langue vulgaire ... , by Jean Alexandre C. Buchon, p.clxv
  2. ↑ Chroniques d'Enguerrand de Monstrelet , by Enguerrand de Monstrelet, François Noël Alexandre Dubois, p. 37.
  3. ↑ Mémoires et documents , Société de l'Ecole des chartes, p. 27
  4. ↑ Mémoires de Pierre de Fenin , Pierre de Fenin, p. 105.
  5. ↑ Brancion: les seigneurs, la paroisse, la ville ... Les ruines de Brancion - p. 105, by J. Louis Bazin, G. Lequin, J. Virey
  6. ↑ Histoire des ducs de Bourgogne de la maison de Valois, 1364–1477, Amable Guillaume Barante, p. 440.
  7. ↑ Histoire de René d'Anjouroi de Naples, duc de Lorraine et cte de Provence , Louis François Villeneuve-Trans, p. 124.
  8. ↑ European Family Tables X 151 and XIV 58
personal data
SURNAME Toulongeon, Antoine de
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Thoulongeon, Antoine de
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Burgundian military of the Hundred Years War
DATE OF BIRTH 1385
DATE OF DEATH September 29, 1432