Arthur crowd

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Arthur crowd
Grave slab at the Engesohde city cemetery
Arthur Quantity Fountain by the Vierthaler Pond

Arthur Quantity (born April 2, 1884 in Hanover , † May 16, 1965 near Bellinzona , Switzerland ) was a German politician and Lord Mayor of Hanover from 1925 to 1937 .

Life

After attending the Lyceum , Quantity began studying law . In 1911 he joined the city administration of Hanover as a legal assistant. From 1914 to 1918 he was Senator for Industry, Economy and Food, then director of the Hanoverian tram . In 1919 Quantity was elected to the Citizens Committee for the German-Hanoverian Party . After being re-elected in 1924, he finally became mayor of Hanover in 1925. Despite the SPD majority in 1929 and the Nazis' seizure of power, he held this office until 1937. During his tenure, the Maschsee was built , the Hermann-Löns-Park was built and the Herrenhausen Gardens were acquired. Typhus was rampant in Hanover in 1926. The city administration and crowd had underestimated the danger posed by a waterworks and did not warn the population. Quantity was at times a supporting member of the SS . The team of culture of remembrance of the city of Hanover interprets this as a tactical concession in order to be able to continue to hold the office of mayor without membership in the NSDAP . After the non-re-election in August 1937, under pressure, quantity worked as the legal director of the Capital Insurance Company in Hanover . In February 1943, on advice from Carl Friedrich Goerdeler , he joined the resistance against Hitler. After the failed assassination attempt on July 20, 1944, he was arrested a day later in Bad Kissingen and sentenced to three years in prison. Quantity belonged to the Hanoverian provincial parliament from 1919 to 1933 , although from 1925 to 1929 he officially did not belong to the faction of the German-Hanoverian party , since his party had entered into an electoral alliance with other right-wing parties under the name "United Hanoverian Provincial Parliament List".

After the end of the Second World War he was elected chairman of the newly founded Lower Saxony state party , but had to resign from this office in December 1945 for health reasons. Quantity died on May 16, 1965 in Bellinzona during a train journey from Ascona to Hanover. His grave is here in the Engesohder cemetery .

Honors

Near his resting place in the Engesohde city cemetery , the Arthur Quantity Fountain by the sculptor Ludwig Vierthaler is a reminder of Hanover's Lord Mayor.

An application for the dedication of the grave of Lot as an honor grave was rejected in 2020. The lower classification as an important grave is controversial (as of June 2020). The Remembrance Culture Team of the City of Hanover supports this with reference to Menge's merits in a “difficult environment”. The district council of Südstadt-Bult rejected this. With his administration, quantity stands for the “disenfranchisement and exclusion of Jewish employees of the city administration”.

The Arthur-Menge-Ufer road was originally laid out during the design of the Maschsee in 1937 and was initially named after its north bank location . From 1943 until it was renamed in 1945, the street was called von-Tschammer-und-Osten-Straße after the Nazi sports leader Hans von Tschammer und Osten . In 1977 it was renamed after the mayor of Hanover. Part of this street was renamed Robert-Enke-Straße on January 17, 2011 .

See also

literature

  • Beatrix Herlemann , Helga Schatz: Biographical Lexicon of Lower Saxony Parliamentarians 1919–1945 (= publications of the Historical Commission for Lower Saxony and Bremen. Volume 222). Hahnsche Buchhandlung, Hanover 2004, ISBN 3-7752-6022-6 , pp. 235–236.
  • Klaus Mlynek : takeover and local politics. In: Hanover 1933. A city becomes National Socialist , accompanying publication for the special exhibition of the same name in the Hanover Historical Museum, ed. from Hist. Museum Hannover, 1982, pp. 100-133
  • Waldemar R. Röhrbein : "... so that clear conditions can finally be created in the city of Hanover." On the political end of Mayor Dr. Arthur crowd. In: Dieter Brosius , Martin Last (Hrsg.): Contributions to Lower Saxony State History , Festschrift for the 65th birthday of Hans Patze on behalf of the Historical Commission for Lower Saxony and Bremen, Hildesheim: Lax, 1984, ISBN 3-7848-3429-9 , Pp. 500-532
  • Norbert Rode: On the genesis of the Lower Saxony State Party / German Party (NLP / DP). In: Niedersächsisches Jahrbuch für Landesgeschichte , Volume 53 (1981), pp. 289-300
  • Hans-Dieter Schmid: July 20, 1944 in Hanover. In: Niedersächsisches Jahrbuch für Landesgeschichte , Volume 74 (2002), pp. 309–323
  • Klaus Mlynek: Article Quantity, Arthur . In: Dirk Böttcher , Klaus Mlynek, Waldemar R. Röhrbein, Hugo Thielen : Hannoversches Biographisches Lexikon . From the beginning to the present. Schlütersche, Hannover 2002, ISBN 3-87706-706-9 , p. 249 f.
  • Klaus Mlynek: crowd, Arthur. In: Klaus Mlynek, Waldemar R. Röhrbein (eds.) U. a .: City Lexicon Hanover . From the beginning to the present. Schlütersche, Hannover 2009, ISBN 978-3-89993-662-9 , p. 437f.

Web links

Commons : Arthur Quantity  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Typhus epidemic in Hanover - killer germs from the tap . In: Spiegel Online . July 8, 2011, accessed June 30, 2020 (German)
  2. ↑ Simon Benne: How brown was Arthur crowd ?. In: Hannoversche Allgemeine Zeitung . July 4, 2020, p. 19
  3. ↑ Waldemar Röhrbein: "... so that clear conditions can finally be created in the city of Hanover". At the political end of Mayor Dr. Arthur Quantity, in: Dieter Brosius (Hrsg.): Contributions to the history of Lower Saxony. Festschrift for the 65th birthday of Hans Patze, Hildesheim 1984, pp. 500–523.
  4. ^ Controversy over the grave of Arthur Menge: Hanover's mayor was an SS member. In: Hannoversche Allgemeine Zeitung HAZ.de. June 24, 2020, accessed June 30, 2020 .
  5. ^ Helmut Zimmermann : Arthur-Menge-Ufer , in ders .: The street names of the state capital Hanover . Hahnsche Buchhandlung Verlag, Hannover 1992, ISBN 3-7752-6120-6 , p. 28
  6. ^ Street in Hanover named after goalkeeper Robert Enke. In: image. January 17, 2011, accessed January 17, 2011 .
personal data
SURNAME Crowd, Arthur
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Lord Mayor of Hanover
DATE OF BIRTH April 2, 1884
PLACE OF BIRTH Hanover
DATE OF DEATH May 16, 1965
Place of death Bellinzona