Karnberg (mountain)
| Karnberg | ||
|---|---|---|
 View of the Karnberg from the direction of Wanfried |
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| height | 450 m above sea level NHN | |
| location | Werra-Meißner-Kreis ( Hesse ), Unstrut-Hainich-Kreis ( Thuringia ) | |
| Mountains | Part of the Wanfrieder Werrahöhen , Upper Eichsfeld , Thuringian Basin (with edge plates) | |
| Coordinates | 51 ° 10 '10 " N , 10 ° 13' 18" E | |
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| rock | Shell limestone | |
The Karnberg is 450 m above sea level. NHN high mountain in the Werra-Meißner district in Hesse and Unstrut-Hainich district in Thuringia ( Germany ).
geography
location
The Karnberg is located in the easternmost part of the Werra-Meißner district, to the right of the Werra, southeast of Wanfried and in the westernmost part of the Unstrut-Hainch district in the Wendehausen district of the Südeichsfeld community . Other neighboring towns are Treffurt ( Wartburg district ) in the south and Altenburschla (Werra-Meißner district) in the south-west.
Ridge of the Karnberg
The Karnberg is the central part of a mountain plateau. This is bordered by the Werra in the west, the Gatterbach in the north and the Heldrabach or Haselbach in the south and east, both of which are small right-hand tributaries of the Werra. Several small tributaries of the Heldrabach, such as the Walsbach, divide the plateau into mountain ridges facing south.
Hilltops
The mountain plateau consists of several mountain peaks - sorted from north to south in a counterclockwise direction with heights in meters (m) above sea level:
- On the dent (461.0 m), southwest of Katharinenberg
- Karnberg in the narrower sense, between Wanfried and Wendehausen
- Northeast summit (448.1 m)
- Southwest tip (approx. 450 m)
- Leistenberg (approx. 430 m), southeast of Wanfried
- Muhlienberg (447.4 m), north of Altenburschla
- Mainz Heads (approx. 435 m), east of Altenburschla
- mountain ridges running south, north of Treffurt:
- nameless mountain (up to 400 m)
- Fritzkopf (411.1 m)
- Mount of Olives (up to 410 m).
Natural allocation
According to the natural spatial structure in the Kassel sheet, the mountain is one of the Wanfrieder Werra heights (No. 483.22), an extension of the western upper area (No. 483.2) and part of the north-western edge of the Thuringian Basin (No. 483).
The Thuringian State Institute for Environment and Geology (TLUG) has a somewhat coarser, only nationally dividing natural spatial system ( The Natural Spaces of Thuringia ), within which the Thuringian share is counted as part of the Werrabergland – Hörselberge unit .
nature
The Muschkalk heights of the Karnberg are mainly covered with deciduous forest, only smaller plateau areas around the former Vorwerke Karnberg and Scharfloh are used for agriculture. The following protected areas are here:
- Hesse
- FFH area Plesse-Kohnstein-Karnberg
- Incline towards the Werra in the FFH area Werra and Wehrertal
- Thuringia
- since 2009 in the LSG Obereichsfeld
- FFH area of Treffurt city forest north of Treffurt (352 ha)
The nature conservation project "Green Belt Eichsfeld-Werratal" leads the heights as shell limestone heights east of Wanfried as a separate project area.
The Karnberg and the adjacent mountains are a popular excursion and hiking area with a varied landscape and nature. The former inner-German border ran directly over the ridge and is now part of the Green Belt . From different places (for example at the border tower and the so-called '' Kim's Ruh '') you have a wide view of the Hessian-Thuringian border area.
history
Parts of the mountain plateau have been used for agriculture since the Middle Ages and are also inhabited with the Vorwerk Karnberg and Gut Scharfloh . The mountain was always the border area between the territories of the Landgraviate of Hesse (in whose legal successor the Landgraviate of Hesse-Kassel ), the Landgraviate of Thuringia (in whose legal successor the Electorate of Saxony ) and the Archdiocese of Mainz . The Thuringian part of the area with the manor Kleintöpfer and the associated Vorwerk Karnberg belonged to the Ganerbschaft Treffurt .
After the Second World War , the eastern part belonged to the Soviet occupation zone . From 1952 until the turnaround and reunification in 1989/1990, this was directly affected by the closure of the inner-German border . The residents had to leave their homes and all the buildings in the Karnberg (1952) and Scharfloh (1972) farms were demolished as part of the GDR's border security measures.
As of June 3, 1964, 599.8586 hectares area of Karnberg and small pottery with the Treffurter city forest out of town Treffurt in the community Wendehausen and was out of the loop Eisenach in the county Mulhouse umgemeindet.
Of the former border installations, an observation tower on the Karnberg and the Katharinenberg border tower as a memorial and an agent lock, presumably disguised as a sewer , can be seen below the Mainz heads.
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c Map services of the Federal Agency for Nature Conservation ( information )
- ^ Hans-Jürgen Klink: Geographical land survey: The natural space units on sheet 112 Kassel. - Bundesanstalt für Landeskunde, Bad Godesberg 1969 → online map
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^ Walter Hiekel, Frank Fritzlar, Andreas Nöllert and Werner Westhus: The natural spaces of Thuringia . Ed .: Thuringian State Institute for Environment and Geology (TLUG), Thuringian Ministry for Agriculture, Nature Conservation and Environment . 2004, ISSN 0863-2448 . → Natural area map of Thuringia (TLUG) - PDF; 260 kB → Maps by district (TLUG)
- ↑ Nature conservation project "Green Belt", Muschelkalkhöhen east of Wanfried ( Memento of the original from April 2, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Volker Große, Gunter Römer: Lost cultural sites in Eichsfeld 1945 to 1989 A documentation . Eichsfeld Verlag, Heilbad Heiligenstadt, 2006, pp. 216 and 219–220.
- ^ Gerhard Günther: On the territorial development of the Mühlhausen district . In: Mühlhausen museums (ed.): Mühlhäuser contributions . Volume 2, 1979, pp. 64-70, 127-128 .
