Březenec
| Březenec | |||||
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| Basic data | |||||
| State : |
 Czech Republic
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| Region : | Ústecký kraj | ||||
| District : | Chomutov | ||||
| Municipality : | Jirkov | ||||
| Area : | 394.3827 ha | ||||
| Geographic location : | 50 ° 30 ' N , 13 ° 25' E | ||||
| Height: | 398 m nm | ||||
| Residents : | 604 (2011) | ||||
| Postal code : | 431 11 | ||||
| License plate : | U | ||||
| traffic | |||||
| Street: | Jirkov - Blatno | ||||
Březenec ( German Pirken ) is a district and a cadastral municipality of the city of Jirkov in the Czech Republic .
geography
Březenec is located about two kilometers west of the city center of Jirkov between the valleys of the Březenecký potok ( Pfaffenbach ) and the Bílina at the foot of the Bohemian Ore Mountains . The Podkrušnohorský přivaděč canal crosses the Bílina east of the village . In the north rises the Vinice ( vineyard , 494 m), south of the Kamenný vrch ( Steinberg ) and Strážiště ( Hutberg , 511 m). To the north lies the Jirkov drinking water reservoir , above which are the remains of the Najštejn castle . A light bunker line of the Czechoslovak Wall runs to the west .
Neighboring towns are Telš, Orasín and Jindřišská in the north, Vinařice in the northeast, Jirkov in the east, Chomutov in the south, Horní Ves in the southwest, Krásná Lípa , Suchdol and Hrádečná in the west and Šerchov and Květnov in the northwest.
The cadastral community has an area of 394 hectares .
history
Archaeological finds prove a settlement in the Stone Age . Brziezna was first mentioned in a document in 1352 when the descendants of the knight Dietrich von Almsdorf sold the village belonging to Neustein Castle to the Teutonic Knights in Komotau (Chomutov). This also shows that Neustein Castle with the parish villages of Brziezna and Czaslaw belonged to Dietrich von Almsdorf in 1323. Czaslaw , which is believed to be near Šerchov , later died out. To distinguish it from the larger village of Březno , the place was later named Březenče and then Germanized as Birkna , Pyrka , Pyrkau , Perka , Pirkaw , Birckhan and finally as Pirken . In 1449 the village was attached to Bořek Castle , later the Rothenhaus lordship, which it remained until the middle of the 19th century. In 1560 Pirken consisted of 23 properties and a mill. The church of Udwitz was attached to the Pirken parish . The extensive fields of Pirken extended into the valley of the Pfaffenbach and the Töltschtal ( Telšské údolí ) of the Biela . A paper mill was built on the Biele east of Pirken at the end of the 16th century . During the Thirty Years' War the place suffered hardly any damage, but the parish was closed in 1648 due to a lack of pastors and the church fell into disrepair afterwards. In 1787 Pirken consisted of 45 houses. In 1846 there were 296 people in the village and there was an inn, a school and a mill in the village. During the Napoleonic Wars from 1812 to 1814, the place suffered from troop movements in the battle against Napoleon. In Weingarten camped Russian Cossacks , took the Plünderzüge into the environment. In 1813 an epidemic broke out in Pirken, killing around 30 residents. After the treatment methods of the Rothenhauser Bader were unsuccessful, the kk Saazer Kreisphysicus was ordered to Pirken.
The inhabitants of Pirken lived from agriculture, the cultivation of grain, mulberries, wine and chestnuts dominated. Cattle breeding and slaughter were also carried out. In addition, there were two hammer mills, a paper mill, a mill, a sawmill, a gravel pit and a brick factory in Pirken. A sandstone quarry was operated at Steinberg.
After the abolition of patrimonial Pirken / Březenec formed from 1850 a municipality in the judicial district of Görkau or in the district of Komotau . Between 1868 and 1901 the village was incorporated into Görkau . From the quarries between Pirken and Udwitz, cat's heads were sold to Komotau, Brüx , Saaz , Aussig , Teplitz and Leitmeritz in the years 1875 to 1889 . In 1900 two Czechs were resident. In 1904 the village was expanded to the east and the settlement of New Pirken / Nový Březenec was established. After the manufacturer Lötsch acquired the hammer on the Biela in 1905, it was converted into an iron rolling mill . At the same time, Lötsch began producing grinding sand, which was exported to America. After 1918 the single layers Ziegelschlag / Cihelna and Steinbruchhäuser / Lom were connected to Pirken.
After the Munich Agreement , the village was added to the German Reich in 1938 and belonged to the Komotau district until 1945 . In 1939 the community of Pirken already had 1210 inhabitants. On December 16, 1944, five houses were damaged in a bombardment. On May 9, 1945, Pirken had the highest population in its history with 1282. Nine of the residents of the village were Czech.
After the end of World War II, Březenec came back to Czechoslovakia and the German residents were expelled until 1947 . On August 15, 1945, 210 of the 1215 inhabitants were Czech. In 1945 the settlements Gepfertovo Pole and Kamenný Lom were attached to Březenec. The tradition of paper production died out in 1947 when the paper mill was shut down. At the beginning of 1961, Březenec became a district of Jirkov . In 1973 it was decided to demolish the village of Březenec in the course of the planned construction of a large town Chomutov-Jirkov. A socialist prefabricated housing estate was to be built in its place. The plans were rejected as unrealistic at the beginning of the 1980s and Březenec essentially escaped destruction. Gepfertovo Pole and Kamenný Lom were demolished, and in their place are now the Kamenná and Zahradní prefabricated housing estates belonging to Chomutov . However, the baroque church was declared a traffic obstruction on a side street and blown up in 1982. In 2001, 464 people lived in the 142 houses in Březenec.
Development of the population
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Attractions
- Jirkov dam , north of the village
- Strážiště mountain with a lookout tower
- Remains of the castle Neustein ( Najštejn ), north over the dam
- Remains of the Hausberk castle , southwest of the Bezručovo údolí (base valley ) of the Chomutovka
- Museum in the bunker Na Kočičáku , west of Březenec
Former buildings
- Church of St. Leonhard, the Gothic building erected in the middle of the 14th century under Johann and Huk von Almsdorf was redesigned in baroque style between 1749 and 1769. On the first and second Sunday after St. Leonhard the traditional Leonhard pilgrimage took place in Pirken. After the decision to demolish the village of Březenec for the construction of a prefabricated housing estate was decided in 1973, no more repair work was carried out on the church. The District National Committee (ONV) Chomutov later declared the church a traffic obstacle because the road from Jirkov to Blatno led in an arc between the houses around the building on the village green and through the church allegedly blocked the view of the drivers on the insignificant side road. After the monument protection of the building was lifted on January 21, 1982, the church was blown up in 1982.
Individual evidence
- ↑ http://www.uir.cz/katastralni-uzemi/660809/Brezenec
- ↑ a b Historický lexikon obcí České republiky - 1869-2015. Český statistický úřad, December 18, 2015, accessed on January 17, 2016 (Czech).
