Bedřichovka (Orlické Záhoří)

Bedřichovka
Basic data
State :	Czech Republic
Region :	Královéhradecký kraj
District :	Rychnov nad Kněžnou
Municipality :	Orlické Záhoří
Area :	185 ha
Geographic location :	50 ° 18 ' N , 16 ° 26' E Coordinates: 50 ° 17 '54 " N , 16 ° 26' 12" E
Height:	760 m nm
Residents :	3 (2011)
Postal code :	517 64
License plate :	H
traffic
Street:	Bartošovice v Orlických horách - Deštné v Orlických horách

Chata Bedřichovka

Bedřichovka (German: Friedrichswald ) is a basic settlement unit in the municipality of Orlické Záhoří in Okres Rychnov nad Kněžnou in the Czech Republic . It is located on the right bank of the Wild Adler , three kilometers northwest of Jadrná on the state road 311, which starts at Bartošovice v Orlických horách and leads along the Wild Adler bank in a north-westerly direction to Deštné v Orlických horách .

geography

Bedřichovka is located between the main ridge of the Eagle Mountains and the Habelschwerdter Mountains on the right bank of the Wild Eagle, which forms the border with Poland here. To the north-west rises the Velká Deštná ( Great Deschneier Koppe ) at 1,115 m . Neighboring towns are Trčkov in the north, Zelenka , Jadrná and Kunštát in the southeast and Luisino Údoli ( Luisenthal ) and Zákoutí ( Hinterwinkel ) in the southwest. Across the border are Lasówka and Piaskowice in the east and Mostowice in the southeast. Voivodship road 389 is reached via the Mostowice border crossing, which begins between Lewin Kłodzki and Duszniki-Zdrój on the E 67 and ends in Międzylesie .

history

Settlement on the upper reaches of the Wild Adler on the border between the Bohemian district of Königgrätz and the County of Glatz began in the second half of the 16th century.

In 1614 the glassmaker Johann Friedrich , who already owned a glassworks in Hausdorf in the county of Glatz, acquired a wooded area above Kerndorf in order to build another glassworks. The area on the right bank of the Wild Eagle belonged to the Solnitz rule , which since 1601 belonged to Johann von Vlkanov ( Jan z Vlkánova ). Together with the sales contract dated May 27, 1614, the seller granted the glassmaker Johann Friedrich permission to build a glassworks and at the same time granted him extensive privileges . This included the establishment and operation of a Kretscham , brewing rights, the serving of wine and schnapps, the installation of a mill and a saw, hunting and fishing rights and the trade in grain as well as the construction of houses for the workers and craftsmen to be settled ( Shoemaker, tailor, baker, butcher, blacksmith). From killed deer, bears and the wild half chasing yield was deliver to the landlord. In contrast to the craftsmen and servants, Johann Friedrich and his wife were free, ie not subservient. They were allowed to sell the products from the glassworks freely, their descendants were allowed to marry freely and also to leave the rulership. For the acquired property and the privileges Johann Friedrich paid 450 Schock Meissner groschen . In addition, every year 24 Schock Meissen groschen as well as 12 glasses with coats of arms, 30 wine and beer glasses each and 200 window panes had to be delivered to the landlord.

The glassworks was initially called the "Kronstadt glassworks". Its founder Johann Friedrich (II.) Probably died in the second half of the 1630s and was buried in the Kronstadt cemetery. The glassworks was taken over by his son of the same name, Johann Friedrich (III.). Around this time, the name "Friedrichswald" came up for the glassworks and the surrounding settlement. Johann Friedrich III. is proven as the owner of the glassworks for the year 1651. Presumably in the same or a year later he left Friedrichswald. Since he professed the Lutheran faith, he probably had to leave Bohemia because he refused to convert to the Catholic faith. It is not known where he went with his family.

In 1652 Friedrichswald came to the glassmaker Adam Paul Peterhansel , whose ancestors came from the Diocese of Passau . Since the forest was largely cleared by this time, Peterhansel negotiated from 1657 with the Glatzer royal chamber about the acquisition of a forest area on the left bank of the Wilder Adler, opposite Friedrichswald. The sale came in 1662 reached, the contract was from Glatzer Governor John George of idols signed and the Emperor Leopold I. confirmed. Then Peterhansel built a glassworks in the newly acquired Glatzer area, around which a settlement developed that was named Kaiserswalde .

After Adam Paul Peterhansel's death in 1693, both glassworks were taken over by his son Franz Ferdinand Peterhansel. Around 1700 he moved the Friedrichswalder glassworks to Kaiserswalde, but still kept the Friedrichswalder Gut. In 1710 he was raised to the bohemian knighthood with the predicate "von Retzburg". Thirteen years before his death, in 1720 he transferred his indebted estate to his son Franz Anton Peterhansel von Retzburg, who in 1728 Friedrichswald and Kaiserswalde had to hand over to the imperial general Franz Paul von Wallis on Plomnitz because of excessive indebtedness and who died a few weeks later. After the death of Franz Paul von Wallis, Friedrichswalde came to his brother Georg Olivier von Wallis in 1737 . After the sale to Count Valais, there was a dispute over property rights with the Order of the Carmelites, who owned the Solnitz rule at that time. The Carmelites asserted that the contract of 1614 with the glassmaker Johann Friedrich stipulated that the Friedrichswald estate should not have been sold to a nobleman without the consent of the landlord. The dispute was decided in favor of the Carmelites in 1845.

Friedrichswald had been an independent municipality since 1750 and belonged to the Senftenberg district administration . It was dedicated to the parish church in Kronstadt and had a three-class elementary school, which was also attended by children from Grünborn and Trtschkadorf. After the establishment of Czechoslovakia , a Czech minority school was established in Friedrichswald in 1919 and Friedrichswalde was renamed Bedřichovka in 1928 . In 1930 there were 301 residents in the community. As a result of the Munich Agreement , Friedrichswald was annexed to the German Reich in 1938 and belonged to the Grulich district until 1945 . In 1939 there were 294 people in the village. After the Second World War, the German residents were expelled . Bedřichovka remained largely evacuated, which meant that numerous houses and farms were left to decay. In 1960 Bedřichovka was incorporated into the newly formed municipality Orlické Záhoří . Since 1969 it has been part of the “Chráněná krajinná oblast Orlické hory” nature reserve.

Attractions

Chapel "Ascension of Christ"

Sons and daughters of the place

Ignaz Preissler (1676–1741) glass and porcelain painter
Friedrich family of glassmakers
Peterhansel family of glassmakers

literature

Dietmar Zoedler : Silesian glass - Silesian glasses. History and stories. Bergstadtverlag Korn, Würzburg 1996, ISBN 3-87057-208-6 .
Václav Šplichal, Jaroslav Šůla: Bedřichovsko-kaiserwaldský sklářský okruh. In: Kladský Sborník. Vol. 5, 2003, ISSN 1212-1223 , pp. 127-142.

Web links

Individual evidence

↑ http://www.uir.cz/katastralni-uzemi/712167/Bedrichovka
↑ http://www.risy.cz/cs/vyhledavace/obce/detail?zuj=576603&zsj=112160#zsj
↑ Joseph Kögler : The chronicles of the county Glatz. Volume 4: The chronicles of the villages, parishes and lordships of the Habelschwerdt district (= historical sources of the County of Glatz. Series A: Local history. NF Vol. 4). Revised and edited by Dieter Pohl . Pohl, Cologne 2001, ISBN 3-927830-18-6 , p. 185.

[1] ttp://www.uir.cz/katastralni-uzemi/712167/Bedrichovka

[2] ttp://www.risy.cz/cs/vyhledavace/obce/detail?zuj=576603&zsj=112160#zsj

[3] Joseph Kögler : The chronicles of the county Glatz. Volume 4: The chronicles of the villages, parishes and lordships of the Habelschwerdt district (= historical sources of the County of Glatz. Series A: Local history. NF Vol. 4). Revised and edited by Dieter Pohl . Pohl, Cologne 2001, ISBN 3-927830-18-6 , p. 185.