Berteroda

Berteroda City of Eisenach Coordinates: 51 ° 1 ′ 40 ″  N , 10 ° 21 ′ 19 ″  E
Height :	292 m
Area :	3.54 km²
Residents :	95  (2018)
Population density :	27 inhabitants / km²
Incorporation :	December 10, 1991
Incorporated into:	Lerchenberg
Postal code :	99817
Area code :	03691
Location of Berteroda in Eisenach
Place view

Berteroda is a district of the Wartburg city Eisenach in Thuringia .

geography

The place Berteroda is about seven kilometers northeast of Eisenach, 300 meters above sea level. The settlement extends, still clearly recognizable today, as a street village in two lines north and south of the Böber . This brook rises 900 meters west of Berteroda in a swampy meadow in the neighboring town of Neukirchen and flows into the Nesse in the locality of Großenlupnitz . Katzenbach and Lutzenborn are spring streams that arise in the Berterodaer Struth, around 400 meters north of the village, feed a pond on the eastern edge of the village and then flow into the Böber. The Krummbach rises in the corridor east of Neukirchen and cuts the Berteroda district 500 meters south of the village.

The highest elevations of the place are the Reinberg in the east of the district (345 m) and the wooded Struth in the north (346 m). The middle ridge (297 m) marks the southern border of the district. The geographic height of the place is 292  m above sea level. NN . The total area of ​​the district is 3.54 km². The geographic height of the place is 292  m above sea level. NN .

	Bischofroda	Berka in front of the Hainich
Neukirchen
	Hötzelsroda	Bolleroda

history

The village of Berteroda on the upper reaches of the Böber was built around the same time as other places (Bolleroda, Ettenrode, Hahnerode, Hötzelsroda and others) near a settlement on the southern edge of the Struth that was already occupied from prehistoric times . The meaning of the place name Berteroda is derived from a settlement of a Bert , Berwart or Berthold , who made this part of the former jungle area usable by clearing . Berteroda was probably mentioned for the first time on March 27, 948. King Otto I confirmed the exchange of properties in Franconia and Thuringia to the Hersfeld monastery in a document .

The "millennial oak" located in the locality is mentioned as a traditional place of things and court . It is only a few meters away from Berteroda Castle. In 1170 a "Poppo de Sonneborn" handed over the Bernwarterode estate to the Fulda monastery . The place belonged to the office of Creuzburg in the Landgraviate of Thuringia. Since Berteroda had no church, the place was parish to Neukirchen. Around 1452, the von Harstall noble family , who came from nearby Mihla , acquired the Berteroda estate. At that time only a few farmers lived in the village; in 1463 it is reported as a deserted area in part owned by the Lords of Wangenheim . The place was quickly rebuilt by moving in from neighboring towns. This also happened after the Thirty Years War .

The once defensive impression of the castle is evident from key notches in the wall. The high enclosure wall that once surrounded the castle was demolished in the 19th century because of the necessary passages and during construction work. With the extinction of various lines of the Harstall estate owners, the castle and the estate were sold to the Berteroda farmers in 1865, who divided the land between them. The castle itself was later used as a school and restaurant, and is now a residential building. At times, the municipal offices were also housed there, and the interior was rebuilt several times.

Overview of agricultural land use in the 19th century

In a statistical description of the place from 1879, the following information was made based on the census of 1875 for the place Berteroda. Berteroda had 20 houses with 128 inhabitants that year. The size of the field was 351.8 ha, of which courtyards and gardens 4.7 ha, meadows 31.2 ha, arable land 239.7 ha. Forests 61.4 ha, ponds, streams and rivers 0.7 ha, on paths, drifts , Wasteland and orchards accounted for 13.9 hectares. The livestock: 37 horses, 94 cattle, 466 sheep, 77 pigs and 23 goats and 21 beehives.

At that time the neighboring town of Neukirchen was still a Saxon-Gotha enclave . On June 27, 1866, Prussian and Royal Hanoverian troops met in the battle of Langensalza . In the days before, the Prussian troops had also advanced via Neukirchen and Berteroda via the Hainich. On June 24th, the Hanoverian officer Ernst v. Linsingen fell on the way to Berteroda when he was caught by a troop of Prussian hussars during a reconnaissance ride. A cast-iron memorial cross on the roadside in front of Neukirchen commemorates this incident.

During the GDR era, the development of the place stagnated. An important reason for this may have been the proximity to the neighboring former tank firing range and military training area Kindel of the GSSD . With the fall of the Berlin Wall, this huge area on the southern edge of the Hainich was transformed into the Hainich National Park .

On July 1, 1994, the town was incorporated into the Wartburg town of Eisenach.

Attractions

• Berteroda Castle , with the remains of the former estate
• Thick oak with a chest height of 10.06 m (2013).
• Memorial stone for those who fell in the world wars

Impressions

• 

  The southern district

• 

  Half-timbered house

• 

  Memorial stone at the cemetery

• 

  Trunk of the 1000 year old oak

traffic

The state road L2114 Neukirchen - Berka vdHainich - Mihla runs through the village. The freeway route of the federal freeway 4 released in January 2010 - the so-called "Hörselberg bypass " passes around 1000 m south of the locality. The closest junction to Eisenach-Ost is in the Großenlupnitz district .

literature

• Jeroen Pater: Europe's old trees: their stories, their secrets . Kosmos-Verlag, Stuttgart 2010, ISBN 978-3-440-12368-3 , The old oak from Berteroda (De oude eik van Berteroda), p. 92 f . (Dutch: Monumentale bomen van Europa . Translated by Susanne Bonn).

Web links

Commons : Berteroda  - collection of images, videos and audio files

• www.eisenach.de - Official website of the Wartburg city Eisenach

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Official topographic maps of Thuringia 1: 10,000. Wartburgkreis, district of Gotha, district-free city of Eisenach . In: Thuringian Land Survey Office (Hrsg.): CD-ROM series Top10 . CD 2. Erfurt 1999.
2. ↑ Paul Bottom, Rainer Lämmerhirt: deserted villages in Hainich area. West Thuringian Heimatschriften, Mihla 2001
3. ^ Wolfgang Kahl: First mention of Thuringian cities and villages up to 1300, Erfurt 1996, p. 19.
4. ↑ Engelbert Mühlbacher: The documents of the German emperors and kings. I. Bd. The documents Konrad I., Heinrich I., and Otto I. Hannover 1879–1888. Digitized
5. ↑ Anette Lenzing: Courts Linden and Thingplaces in Germany . In: The Blue Books . Langewiesche, Königstein im Taunus 2005, ISBN 3-7845-4520-3 , Eisenach-Berteroda, p. 179 .
6. ^ Friedrich Hermann Albert von Wangenheim, Regesta and documents on the history of the Wangenheim family , Vol. I Hanover 1857, Vol. II Göttingen 1872
7. ^ Friedrich Hermann Albert von Wangenheim, Contributions to a family history of the Barons von Wangenheim (..) on the basis of the previous two document collections , Huth Göttingen 1874. Digitized edition of the University and State Library Düsseldorf
8. ^ Rainer Lämmerhirt: Manor houses and castle buildings on the edge of Hainich. Werra Valley News No. 25/1999
9. ^ C. Kronfeld, Regional Studies of the Grand Duchy of Saxony-Weimar-Eisenach. Second part. Weimar 1879.
10. ^ Büttner: Traces of war near Neukirchen. From the notes of Pastor Dr. Adolf Weitemeyer. in: Heimatblätter EP Report 2, Marburg 1992 p. 114.
11. ^ Evangelical Lutheran Church Community Neukirchen (ed.): Neukirchen. A look back at 700 years of local history . Self-published, Neukirchen 1999.
12. ^ Entry in the directory of monumental oaks . Retrieved January 10, 2017