Neuenhof (Eisenach)

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Neuenhof
City of Eisenach
Coordinates: 50 ° 59 ′ 48 ″  N , 10 ° 12 ′ 50 ″  E
Height : 206 m
Area : 6.65 km²
Residents : 496  (2008)
Population density : 75 inhabitants / km²
Incorporation : July 1, 1994
Postal code : 99817
Area code : 036928
map
Location of Neuenhof in Eisenach
View of Neuenhof, behind it Göringen and the Göringer Stein (2013)
View of Neuenhof, behind it Göringen and the Göringer Stein (2013)

Neuenhof is right on the Werra situated district of the independent city of Eisenach in Thuringia .

geography

Neuenhof is located about ten kilometers (as the crow flies) west of Eisenach on the right bank of the Werra, in the middle Werra Valley, on the western edge of the Thuringian Forest. The place is between 200 and 215 m above sea level. NN high. The highest points of the district are on the Großer Herzberg (382 m), the Kellersberg (380 m), the Kupferberg (360 m) and the Steinkopf (369 m). The geographic height of the place is 206  m above sea level. NN .

Neuenhof borders the Eisenach districts of Wartha and Göringen in the west, Hörschel in the north, Stedtfeld in the east and the Gerstunger districts of Oberellen , Unterellen and Lauchröden in the south.

history

The manor complex, known as the "Neuer Hof", was the center of the village and was protected by a small castle, presumed to be in the area of ​​the present-day castle, built in a spur on the high bank of the Werra. After the knights Johann and Wenzel von Stein had sold their "New Court" in 1405 (first mention of the place) to a knight Helwig von Rakgus, the Lords of Reckrodt acquired the property from his heirs as early as 1411. Until 1777, today's village developed under the jurisdiction of the Reckrodt family. It was followed by the Riedesel family and, in 1863, by inheritance, the von Rotenhan family from Franconia . The latter had the neo-Gothic castle built next to the church in 1863.

In 1492 Neuenhof became its own parish, separated from the parish of Stedtfeld. The small church that exists today was built on its foundation walls in 1794. In the late Middle Ages, the place belonged to the Saxon-Thuringian office of Creuzburg . 1525 the place was by the fighting of the peasant war captured in May 1525 by mercenaries of the Landgrave Philip of Hesse sacked .

The Thirty Years' War , which accompanied the occurrence of the plague , also impoverished the region around Neuenhof, which had previously been described as wealthy. The population fell sharply and agriculture was idle. There is a record of a witch burning in Neuenhof from 1670 , when the widow of the Neuenhof blacksmith was accused of sorcery and publicly burned alive.

The discovery of copper ore on the Kupferberg and elsewhere enabled the establishment of the Neuenhof mining district, which flourished for the first time around 1740. For this purpose, ore processing plants and a smelter were built on the Grundbach. From 1757 to 1761 a French army camped near the place and plundered it several times.

In 1861 the rock cellar of the village was sunk and expanded by mining. In 1870 there were 70 houses and 413 inhabitants. At that time, excursions and tourism started on the Rennsteig , for which a beer bar at the Felsenkeller was expressly mentioned on the Eichberg. Three residents of the village died in the Franco-Prussian War in 1871 .

In 1908, the place received its own water supply, which was continuously expanded in the course of the 20th century and to which the neighboring village of Hörschel was also connected. In 1914 the local brewery ceased operations. In the First World War 14 Neuenhöfer men died. In 1918 Neuenhof was connected to the power supply, which was ensured from 1921 by a hydroelectric power station on the Hörsel in Hörschel.

In World War II the city suffered, unlike the neighboring Hörschel, little damage as courageous citizens hoisted a white flag in time. 28 Neuenhöfer were killed in World War II. From July 1945 Neuenhof belonged to the Soviet occupation zone . During the land reform, the property of the Rotenhan family was divided and the castle was transferred to the community.

In 1974 Neuenhof formed a community association with the neighboring community of Hörschel. Both places became districts of the city of Eisenach on July 1, 1994.

Economy and Infrastructure

traffic

The district road 505 leads through the village from Eisenach to Lauchröden. The nearest junction ( Herleshausen ) of the A4 is in Herleshausen, three kilometers away . Neuenhof can be reached via the DB stop “Hörschel” with the regional trains Bebra –Eisenach, then continue with buses 53/93/94 in the direction of Lauchröden / Oberellen or Herleshausen.

education

There is a day-care center in Neuenhof .

politics

The district has a common district constitution with the neighboring village of Hörschel . In the election on May 25, 2014 , Gisela Büchner was re-elected as mayor of both towns.

Culture and sights

Buildings

Regular events

There is a fair company in the village that holds a fair every year on the last weekend in September .

Tourist infrastructure

The forest around Neuenhof and Hörschel offers well signposted hiking trails , which in many cases touch or cross the Rennsteig , but also lead to the Köhlerhütte or the Grundteichen and further on. Wildlife and natural beauties such as native orchids can be found on these trails.

The Werra Valley cycle path runs through the village ; There is a landing stage for water hikers in the area of ​​the palace park on the Werra.

natural reserve

The bat quarter in the vaulted cellar of the former brewery was designated as a natural monument by the Eisenach district council in 1988 . After the use of the cellar as an ice cellar was given up in 1985, several bat species took the room, which also has a maximum temperature of 9 ° C in the summer months, as a nursery and winter quarters. Proven occurrences of the protected bat species great mouse- eared , brown long-eared and gray long-eared bat, among others . With colonies of up to 800 animals, it is an occurrence of nationwide importance.

Impressions

  • church

  • Werraufer and castle

  • Fallen monument in front of the church

  • Entrance

  • Court jaw

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Official topographic maps of Thuringia 1: 10,000. Wartburgkreis, district of Gotha, district-free city of Eisenach . In: Thuringian Land Survey Office (Hrsg.): CD-ROM series Top10 . CD 2. Erfurt 1999.
  2. ↑ Thomas Bienert Medieval Castles in Thuringia Gudensberg-Gleichen 2000, p. 55 f.
  3. ^ Gerhard Kühn Churches in Wartburgland Berlin 1989. p. 88.
  4. ^ C. Kronfeld: Regional studies of the Grand Duchy of Saxony-Weimar-Eisenach. Second part. Weimar 1879. p. 49.
  5. ↑ § 3 Paragraph 1 of the main statute of the city of Eisenach from March 4th, 1997 (PDF; 93 kB)
  6. ^ Thuringian State Office for Statistics , accessed on May 26, 2014.
  7. ↑ Kirmesgesellschaft Neuenhof , accessed on July 8, 2014.
  8. ↑ Nature Conservation in the Wartburg District, Volume 5, District Office Wartburg District 1997, p. 16 f.

Web links

Commons : Neuenhof  - collection of images, videos and audio files