Lashed man sign

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Lashed man sign
Eyelash man's shield (Androsace chamaejasme)

Eyelash man's shield ( Androsace chamaejasme )

Systematics
Asterids
Order : Heather-like (Ericales)
Family : Primrose Family (Primulaceae)
Subfamily : Primuloideae
Genre : Man's shield ( Androsace )
Type : Lashed man sign
Scientific name
Androsace chamaejasme
Wulfen

The ciliated Mannsschild ( Androsace chamaejasme ), also eyelash Mannsschild , dwarf Mannsschild or Hairy Mannsschild called, is a plant from the genus Mannsschild ( Androsace ) in the family of Primrose (Primulaceae).

description

Illustration from Atlas of Alpine Flora
Habit, leaves and inflorescences

Vegetative characteristics

The lashed man's shield grows loosely as a deciduous, perennial herbaceous plant and reaches heights of 2 to 7, rarely up to 10 centimeters. The leaf margin, stem , bracts and calyx are covered with protruding shaggy, simple (up to 2 millimeters long) hairs and short glandular hairs ( indument ).

The leaves are basal, flat leaf rosettes together. The simple, full-margined leaves are 5 to 15 millimeters long and 2 to 4 millimeters wide and lanceolate , with almost bare leaf surfaces. The leaf margin is long ciliate.

Generative characteristics

The flowering period extends from June to August. On a long inflorescence stem, a few (two to eight) flowers stand together in a terminal, dold-like inflorescence . The flower stalks are 2 to 7 millimeters long.

The hermaphroditic flowers are radial symmetry and five-fold with a double flower envelope . The five sepals are fused bell-shaped up to half their length. The corolla has a diameter of 5 to 10 millimeters and is white and later reddish with a yellow throat and mostly rounded corolla lobes.

The capsule fruit is 2.5 to 3.5 millimeters long.

The number of chromosomes is x = 10; there is diploidy with a chromosome number of 2n = 20.

ecology

The lashed man's shield is a Chamaephyte . The lashed man's shield is extremely wind and cold resistant and can survive temperatures of -38 ° C and wind speeds of 40 meters per second (= 144 km / h) with green leaves and well-developed flower buds on ridges blown without snow .

Nectar is only released when the weather is favorable. After pollination , the flower color changes: the yellow juice times are carmine red, the white crown tip discolored reddish rose; a flower visit is then no longer worthwhile for insects . The short corolla tube of the lashed man's shield is accessible to flies .

Lashed man's sign on the Rax

Occurrence

The range of Androsace chamaejasme includes most of the high mountains of the Holarctic : the Alps , the Pyrenees , the Carpathians and mountains of North Asia and North America . In Colorado and Wyoming there is the rare Androsace chamaejasme subsp. carinata (Torr.) Hultén .

The main spread of the lashed man's shield in Central Europe is clearly in the Northern Alps . In the Northern Limestone Alps it occurs scattered and locally in loose stands; it is rare in the central Alps as well as in the northern parts of the central and eastern southern Alps .

The lashed man's shield prefers altitudes of 1600 to 3000 meters in Central Europe. In individual cases, such as in the Allgäu Alps in Hinterstein , it also occurs at an altitude of 850 meters. The lashed man's shield thrives best on calcareous to calcareous, low -nitrogen , extremely humus-rich , stony and loose loam soils . It colonizes dormant coarse rubble and stony alpine lawns , but it also goes into humus-filled crevices and on wind-swept ridges and slabs, often with little or no snow in winter .

The lashed man's shield is a characteristic of the Seslerion association in Central Europe .

Taxonomy

Androsace chamaejasme was first published in 1787 by Franz Xaver Freiherr von Wulfen in Nicolaus Joseph von Jacquin : Collectanea , 1, page 194. The specific epithet chamaejasme : means "dwarf jasmine-like". Homonyms of Androsace chamaejasme Wulfen ex Jacq. are: Androsace chamaejasme Wulfen ex Host , Androsace chamaejasme M.Bieb. Synonyms for Androsace chamaejasme Wulfen are: Androsace bungeana Schischk. & Bobrov , Androsace villosa subsp. chamaejasme (Wulfen) Rouy .

literature

  • Xaver Finkenzeller, Jürke Grau: Alpine flowers. Recognize and determine (=  Steinbach's natural guide ). Mosaik, Munich 2002, ISBN 3-576-11482-3 .
  • Manfred A. Fischer, Wolfgang Adler, Karl Oswald: Excursion flora for Austria, Liechtenstein and South Tyrol . 2nd, improved and enlarged edition. State of Upper Austria, Biology Center of the Upper Austrian State Museums, Linz 2005, ISBN 3-85474-140-5 .
  • Elfrune Wendelberger: Alpine plants. Flowers, grasses, dwarf shrubs. Book guild Gutenberg, Frankfurt am Main et al. 1984, ISBN 3-7632-2975-2 .

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d e f Androsace chamaejasme Wulfen, Wimper-Mannsschild. In: FloraWeb.de.
  2. ↑ a b c d e f Androsace chamaejasme Wulfen In: Info Flora , the national data and information center for Swiss flora . Retrieved October 22, 2018.
  3. ↑ a b Erich Oberdorfer : Plant-sociological excursion flora for Germany and neighboring areas . With the collaboration of Angelika Schwabe and Theo Müller. 8th, heavily revised and expanded edition. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart (Hohenheim) 2001, ISBN 3-8001-3131-5 .
  4. ↑ a b c d Dietmar Aichele, Heinz-Werner Schwegler: The flowering plants of Central Europe . 2nd Edition. tape 3 : Evening primrose plants to reddish plants . Franckh-Kosmos, Stuttgart 2000, ISBN 3-440-08048-X .
  5. ↑ Erhard Dörr, Wolfgang Lippert : Flora of the Allgäu and its surroundings. Volume 2, IHW, Eching 2004, ISBN 3-930167-61-1 .
  6. ↑ a b Androsace chamaejasme at Tropicos.org. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis. Retrieved October 21, 2018.
  7. ↑ a b K. Marhold, 2011: Primulaceae. : Datasheet In: Euro + Med Plantbase - the information resource for Euro-Mediterranean plant diversity .

Web links

Commons : Lashed Man's Shield ( Androsace chamaejasme )  - Album with pictures, videos and audio files