Brockwitz (Coswig)

Brockwitz Large district town of Coswig Coordinates: 51 ° 7 ′ 50 ″  N , 13 ° 32 ′ 38 ″  E
Height :	105 m above sea level NN
Incorporation :	July 1, 1950
Postal code :	01640
Area code :	03523
View from near Scharfenberg Castle to the east of Brockwitz, with Coswig- Mitte behind

Brockwitz is a district of Coswig in the district of Meißen , Saxony .

geography

Brockwitz is located roughly in the center of the Coswig urban area. To the east of Brockwitz lies the Coswig core town, to the southeast of Kötitz . The other Coswig districts of Sörnewitz and Neusörnewitz border in the west and north . Brockwitz is located near the banks of the Elbe in the north-western part of the Elbe valley , on the southern edge of Nassau . On the opposite bank is Reppina , part of the village of Scharfenberg belonging to the municipality of Klipphausen .

Around the center of the corridor, the village center was preserved in the form of a street perch village , which merges directly to the northwest into the village center of Clieben , which is also part of the Brockwitz district. Gravel is extracted in the east of Brockwitz , parts of the gravel pit have been flooded. North of the village center and south of it, so the same way, join agriculturally on unused arable land. Neubrockwitz, located in the north of the Brockwitz district, is part of the Neusörnewitz district.

history

Brockwitz with Clieben on a map from the 19th century

Brockwitz Tower Dutch Windmill

Seal mark of the municipality Brockwitz with Clieben, district Dresden, 1914

Document 19 of CDS II 1 dated July 19, 1013 shows that King Heinrich II transferred six villages to the Meissen Monastery, whose income was badly damaged by hostile devastation . One of these villages was called "Brochotina cethla". This is the first mention of Brockwitz and comes from the Old Sorbian * Brochotina sedła, which means "settlement of a Brochota". Brochota was possibly the name of a locator who founded the village of Brockwitz, and could in turn represent a short form of the old Polish personal name Bronisław . The spelling "Brochtitz" appears in a document from 1205 and goes back to the Old Sorbian * Brochotici, which means "settlement of the people of a Brochota". Other documented forms are “Broctitz”, “Bructicz” and “Brocktitz”, the spelling commonly used today was used as early as 1516.

Excavations along the planned OPAL pipeline unearthed numerous evidence of Neolithic settlement in 2008/2009 and document the early presence of people in the area. On the 613 hectare (as of 1876) Brockwitzer Gewannflur , the inhabitants did not only cultivate crops and raise cattle, but also viticulture.

The document of July 19, 1013 is the only mention of Brockwitz as belonging to Gau Nisan . The place names were apparently added later in the gaps left in the diploma. In terms of settlement geography and according to the Slavic sources, Brockwitz originally and later belonged to Glomaci (Daleminzia). The village lies west of the bottleneck, which separated the Gaue Nisan and Glomaci from each other by prehistoric forests and prehistoric cleared areas, but slightly east of Meissen. Apparently the establishment of the early German border castle Meißen created a new border situation here. In 1013 Heinrich II seems to have only had the small area west of the bottleneck in the immediate vicinity of Meißen Castle. Gerhard Cheap assumes a (re) shift of the Gaug border from Sörnewitz / Batzdorf in a southeast direction to Kötitz / Gauernitz as early as the 11th century.

Margrave Dietrich the Oppressed donated Brockwitz and its neighboring towns to the Augustinian Canons Monastery of St. Afra in Meißen in 1205 . Since the monastery there also received the right of patronage , this is also the first mention of the Brockwitz Church . In 1282 a "Petrus de Brocticz" appears in a document, the place was therefore a manor at that time.

Brockwitz was part of the Grossenhain district in 1351. In the meantime, the patronage was transferred to the Scharfenberg manor and thus to the von Miltitz family as a result of an exchange in 1403 . In the basic rule , the manors Scharfenberg, shared Taubenheim and Batzdorf . The administration took over the inheritance of Meissen in 1547 . The Meißen court office had been responsible since 1856, and from 1875 Brockwitz was subordinate to the Meißen administration .

For centuries there has been a Dutch windmill north of the village center in the open field . A devastating fire in 1571 destroyed large parts of the village. The church was destroyed except for the tower. The baroque building that defines today's townscape was built in 1737. In addition to Brockwitz itself, the parish also includes Clieben and Sörnewitz.

From the middle of the 19th century Brockwitz formed a rural community to which the until then legally independent neighboring village of Clieben was incorporated as a district. In the course of industrialization, the corridor of the Neubrockwitz district developed in the north. The Dresdner Schnellpressenfabrik was founded in Brockwitz in 1898. On July 1, 1950, it was incorporated into Coswig, Brockwitz as a whole received the status of a Coswig district.

The flat vineyards fell victim to the phylloxera disaster of the 19th century, unless they were given up before. In the last decades of the 20th century, the hallways to Brockwitz one of the most important growing areas of the developed apple berries or Aronien.

Because of the Elbe floods in 2013 , the organizers canceled the festival planned for the summer of 2013 to mark the 1000th anniversary of the town. It was made up in summer 2014. Because of the repeated flooding, around 40 houses are to be raised.

Population development

year Residents 1547 32 possessed men , 30 residents 1764 32 possessed men, 15 gardeners, 32 cottagers 1834 496 1871 534 1890 675 1910 1995 1925 2354 1939 3300 1946 3484 1950 see Coswig

Attractions

Brockwitz Church

→ Main article : "List of cultural monuments in Brockwitz / Clieben" in the article List of cultural monuments in Coswig (Saxony)

The Brockwitz village church defines the townscape.

Personalities

• Hugo Oehmichen (* 1843 in Borsdorf ; † 1932 in Düsseldorf ), German painter, spent his childhood in Brockwitz
• Frieder Schauer (1949–2019), bacteriologist and mycologist

literature

• Cornelius Gurlitt : Brockwitz. In:  Descriptive representation of the older architectural and art monuments of the Kingdom of Saxony. 41. Issue: Administrative Authority Meißen-Land . CC Meinhold, Dresden 1923, p. 81.

Web links

Commons : Brockwitz  - collection of images, videos and audio files

• Brockwitz (Coswig) in the Digital Historical Directory of Saxony
• History of Brockwitz on www.kirche-brockwitz.de
• History of Brockwitz on www.historisches-coswig.de

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Heinrich donated the episcopal church of Meissen to the bishop Eiko's complaint that his church had suffered severe damage from hostile incursions and lost almost everything, the places Glossen (Kr.Oschatz, Bz. Leipzig), Daubnitz, Schänitz, Mertitz (all Kr. Meissen, Bz. Dresden) in the Gau Dalaminci, further Golencizacethla (?) In the Gau Gudici and Brockwitz (Kr. Meissen, Bz. Dresden) in the Gau Niseni with all accessories and free right of disposal for the benefit of the church. RI II, 4 n. 1786, in: Regesta Imperii Online, URI: http://www.regesta-imperii.de/id/1013-07-19_1_0_2_4_1_551_1786 (accessed on November 3, 2018).
2. ↑ CDS II 1, No. 19 of July 19, 1013 : K. Heinrich owns the monastery, which has been badly damaged by hostile devastation in its income, six localities in the districts of Dalaminci, Gudici and Niseni [...] Ideo eidem praefatae ecclesiae sex villas nostrae proprietatis concedimus, quatuor in pago Dalaminci Glupp, Difnouuocetla, Zenizi, Miratina cethla, V tam in pago Gudici nomine Golenciza cethla, VI tam in Niseni Brochotina cethla cum mancipiis utriusque sexus, silvisibus, molarumve, aquisibus, molarumve pascuis, aedificiis, viis et inviis, exitibus et reditibus ac cum omnibus appertinentiis inquisitis seu inquirendis.
3. ↑ CDS II 1, No. 11, note a) : Setle, cethla probably related to the Slavic sedlak, villagers, peasants, should designate a settlement of arable people.
4. ^ Ernst Eichler / Hans Walther : Historical book of place names of Saxony. Vol. 1, Berlin 2001. p. 116.
5. ↑ MG. DD. 3, 319 no.269.
6. ^ Gerhard Billig: The Burgward organization in the Upper Saxon-Meissnian area. Archaeological-archival comparative studies (= publications of the State Museum for Prehistory Dresden. Vol. 20). Deutscher Verlag der Wissenschaften, Berlin (East) 1989, ISBN 3-326-00489-3 , p. 71.
7. ↑ Municipalities 1994 and their changes since January 1, 1948 in the new federal states , Metzler-Poeschel publishing house, Stuttgart, 1995, ISBN 3-8246-0321-7 , publisher: Federal Statistical Office
8. ^ Kulturbetriebsgesellschaft Meissner Land mbH: Brockwitz2014 - 1000 years. Retrieved November 29, 2017 . 
9. ↑ sz-online: special mission houses up . In: SZ-Online . ( sz-online.de [accessed October 4, 2017]).