Brzeźno Lęborskie
| Brzeźno Lęborskie | |||
|---|---|---|---|
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| Basic data | |||
| State : | Poland | ||
| Voivodeship : | Pomerania | ||
| Powiat : | Lębork | ||
| Gmina : | Łęczyce | ||
| Area : | 11.79 km² | ||
| Geographic location : | 54 ° 37 ' N , 17 ° 50' E | ||
| Residents : | 773 (December 31, 2006) | ||
| Postal code : | 84-213 | ||
| Telephone code : | (+48) 58 | ||
| License plate : | GWE | ||
| Economy and Transport | |||
| Street : | Lębork - Żelazna / Gniewino | ||
| Rail route : |
PKP line 202: Danzig – Stargard Railway station: Godętowo |
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| Next international airport : | Danzig | ||
Brzeźno Lęborskie ( German Bresin , formerly Bresen ; Kashubian Lãbòrsczé Brzézno ) is a village in the Polish Pomeranian Voivodeship and belongs to the rural community Łęczyce ( Lanz ) in the powiat Wejherowski ( New Town in West Prussia ).
Geographical location
The village is located in Western Pomerania , about eleven kilometers northeast of the city of Lębork (Lauenburg in Pomerania).
Neighboring towns are: Łęczyce ( Lanz ) and Kisewo ( Kussow ) in the south, Strzelęcino ( Strellentin ) and Rekowo Lęborskie ( Reckow ) in the west, Karlikowo Lęborskie ( Karlkow ) in the north and Wysokie ( Hohenfelde ) and Kaczkowo ( Kattschow ) in the east.
Place name
The Polish place name “ Brzeźno ” (with or without additional suffixes) occurs more than 30 times in Poland. The German place name " Bresin " can be found three times and only in the former German East.
history
Bresin was mentioned in a document as early as 1284 and, along with Belgard an der Leba (Bialogarda) and Neuendorf (Nowa Wieś Lęborska), was one of the oldest villages in the Lauenburg region. At that time it belonged to the Goddentow (Godętowo) rule .
When the Teutonic Order of Knights took possession of the Lauenburger Land in 1311 , they set up two free schools and twelve farmers in Bresin - previously a Pomoran settlement. After a while the place got a church and a school.
During the Swedish-Polish War (1655–1661) the population of Bresin suffered bitterly from the foreign troops. During this war, Elector Friedrich Wilhelm von Brandenburg had his claims to the Lauenburg and Bütow lands confirmed by the Swedes in 1656 and the Poles in 1657. In 1658 his claims were realized.
In 1867 the rural community of Bresin, which also included Damerow (now Dąbrowa Brzezieńska) and the Mühle residential area , had 464 inhabitants, compared with 447 in 1910. Their number rose to 453 by 1933 and was still 421 in 1939. Of 445 inhabitants in 1925, 435 were Protestant and ten were Catholic.
Until 1945 the village belonged to the district of Lauenburg in Pomerania in the administrative district of Köslin in the province of Pomerania .
During the Second World War , the Red Army conquered the region in February 1945 and a little later placed it under the administration of the People's Republic of Poland . Bresin received the Polish place name Brzeźno Lęborskie . In the following time the villagers were expelled and the place was settled with Poles .
The village belongs to Gmina Łęczyce in the powiat Wejherowski in the Pomeranian Voivodeship (1975-1998 Gdansk Voivodeship ). Today there are 773 residents here. Brzeźno Lęborskie forms a Schulzenamt (sołectwo) in the municipality of Łęczyce with the villages of Pużyce ( Pusitz ), Świchowo ( Groß Schwichow ) and Świchówko ( Klein Schwichow ).
church
Village church
The Bresin church was built in 1912 in the Gothic-Romanesque style. The 36 meter high tower makes it visible from afar. It was once the largest country church in the Lauenburg district .
The altarpiece , decorated with wood carvings , a replica of the Last Supper by Leonardo da Vinci , the flying angel and the three apostle figures of Peter , John and Paul found their way from the 15th century former religious church to the current building and adorned the interior of the church, until they were destroyed by soldiers of the Red Army on March 10, 1945 , just two months before the end of the war. However: the flying angel survived.
This church has served the Protestant community as a place of worship since the Reformation , and that until its expropriation in favor of the Catholic Church, which rededicated it in 1946 and gave it the name Św. Apostołów Piotra i Pawła (St. Apostles Peter and Paul) gave.
The current building is the fourth church in Bresin. When the Bresinians joined Lutheran teaching with the Reformation, they took over not only the school but also the church. In 1658, however, the Catholic parish in Lauenburg demanded the surrender of the religious order - with success: the Bresinians fought in vain for their church and from now until 1724 had to hold their services in the free school yard.
In 1720, with the express order of Elector Friedrich Wilhelm von Brandenburg on May 6, 1675, the Bresinians were allowed to build their own church, which was consecrated on June 15, 1724 and in which they the altarpiece, the three life-size statues of the apostles and the flying angel from the Convicted order church.
In 1805 another new building replaced the so-called "prayer house", which had already become dilapidated: a mighty half-timbered building with a wooden tower and a large organ. After the Catholic community had used the old church for a few decades, it was demolished in 1856 and the land belonging to it was sold. After a hundred years of use of the newly built Protestant church, it was also dilapidated, and the current church was built in 1912.
Parish
Bresin is an old church village. Since the Reformation, mainly Protestant church members have lived in the place, the few Catholic residents were incorporated into the parish of Lauenburg (now Polish: Lębork).
In the evangelical parish Bresin 13 places were eingepfarrt: Hohenfelde (today Polish: Wysokie) Kattschow (Kaczkowo) Krahn village (Zurawiniec) Krahn field (Chrzanowo) Kussow (Kisewo), lance (Łęczyce) Meddersin (Niedarzyno) Pusitz ( Pużyce), Reckow (Rekowo Lęborskie) in part, the chapel community Schweslin (Świetlino), Strellentin (Strzelęcino) and Unter Bismarck (Łęczyn Dolny).
To the parish of Bresin in 1940 belonged a total of 3160 parishioners, and it was in the parish of Lauenburg in Pomerania in the eastern district of the church province of Pomerania of the Church of the Old Prussian Union .
Since 1945 the population of Brzeźno Lęborskie has been almost without exception Catholic . The place is the seat of the parish of św. Apostołow Piotra i Pawła in the Gniewino ( Gnewin ) deanery in the Pelplin diocese of the Catholic Church in Poland . The places are the parish Chrzanowo ( Krahn field ), Dabrowa Brzezieńka ( Damerow ) Kisewo ( Kussow ) Pużyce ( Pusitz ) Brzezinki ( Birkenhof ) Strzelęcino ( Strellentin ) Świchowo ( United Schwichow ) Świchówko ( small Schwichow ) and Wysokie ( Hohenfelde ).
Protestant church members living here are now assigned to the parish of the Kreuzkirche parish in Słupsk ( Stolp ), which has a branch church in Lębork ( Lauenburg ).
traffic
A side street leads to the place, which connects Lębork with Żelazna ( Hohenwaldheim ) or Gniewino ( Gnewin ). Until Ostseeort Leba ( Leba ) is 30 kilometers and the national road 6 (formerly National Highway 2 , today European route E28 ) runs eight kilometers south of the village.
The nearest train station is the Godętowo stop nine kilometers to the south (until 1945 Goddentow-Lanz ) on the state railway line 202 from Danzig to Stargard . Before 1945 there was a further connection to the line of the Lauenburger Bahnen from Neustadt in West Prussia (today Polish: Wejherowo) to Garzigar (Garczegorze) with the train station Reckow (Rekowo Lęborskie).
literature
- Ludwig Wilhelm Brüggemann Detailed description of the current state of the Königl. Prussian Duchy of Vor and Hinter Pomerania . Part II, Volume 2: Description of the court district of the Royal. State colleges in Cößlin belonging to the Eastern Pomeranian districts . Stettin 1784, p. 1049, point (3) .
- Ernst Müller: The Protestant clergy of Pomerania from the Reformation to the present. Part 2, Stettin 1912.
- Hans Glaeser: The Evangelical Pomerania. Part 2, Stettin 1940.
- Franz Schultz : History of the Lauenburg district in Pomerania. Lauenburg i. Pom. 1912 ( e-copy )
- Largest country church in the Lauenburg district. In: Pommersche Zeitung. Episode 19/2010, p. 8.
Web links
- Website of Gmina Łęczyce
- Catholic Parish Brzeżno Lęborskie
- Bresin in the former district of Lauenburg i. Pom. (Gunthard Stübs and Pomeranian Research Association, 2011)
Individual evidence
- ^ The municipalities and manor districts of the Pomerania province and their people. Edited and compiled by the Royal Statistical Bureau from the original materials of the general census of December 1, 1871. In: Königliches Statistisches Bureau (Hrsg.): The communities and manor districts of the Prussian state and their population. tape III , 1874, ZDB -ID 2059283-8 , p. 164 f . ( Digitized - No. 7).
- ^ Michael Rademacher: German administrative history from the unification of the empire in 1871 to the reunification in 1990. Lauenburg district in Pomerania. (Online material for the dissertation, Osnabrück 2006).
- ^ The (rural) community of Bresin in the former district of Lauenburg i. Pom. (Gunthard Stübs and Pomeranian Research Association, 2011)