Dornbirn Federal High School

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BG Dornbirn
Bundesgymnasium Dornbirn Markt.JPG
Main building of the BG Dornbirn
type of school Federal high school
School number 803016
founding 1852 (as a lower secondary school)
address

Realschulstrasse 3

place Dornbirn
state Vorarlberg
Country Austria
Coordinates 47 ° 24 '42 "  N , 9 ° 44' 28"  E Coordinates: 47 ° 24 '42 "  N , 9 ° 44' 28"  E
carrier Federation
student 814 (SJ 2019/20)
Teachers about 90
management Markus Germann
Website www.bgdornbirn.at

The Bundesgymnasium Dornbirn (BG Dornbirn; BGD for short) is a federal high school in the Austrian city ​​of Dornbirn in the state of Vorarlberg . Both upper and lower school students between the ages of 10 and 18 are taught in the first Dornbirn grammar school.

To distinguish the linguistic BG Dornbirn from the second Dornbirner Gymnasium, the Bundesrealgymnasium and Bundesoberstufenrealgymnasium Dornbirn-Schoren , the BGD is often referred to colloquially as the " Stadtgymnasium ". The Bundesgymnasium Dornbirn school is run by the Federal Ministry for Education, Art and Culture , i.e. the Republic of Austria . At the grammar school, which was founded as a lower secondary school in 1852, 814 students were taught in 33 classes at the end of the 2019/20 school year.

history

The beginnings

The first predecessor of the BG Dornbirn was founded by the teacher Franz Martin Kalb, who ran a private advanced training school in Dornbirn around 1835. At the end of the 1840s, Karl von Müller opened a commercial and trade school, which continued to operate after he moved to Innsbruck and Vienna in 1851. From 1852 it was continued as a lower secondary school and in 1869 it was converted into a two-class advanced training school for boys , in 1878 it was converted into a secondary school and received public rights one year later .

Habsburg Monarchy

After a four-level secondary school had emerged from it by the school year 1894/95, the call of the Dornbirn industrialists for a high school became loud around the turn of the century. The reason for the request was that, although there were already three grammar schools in Vorarlberg, one upper secondary school was still missing. The Dornbirn industrialist Theodor Hämmerle in particular acted as an advocate for the nationalization of the Dornbirner Realschule, who personally presented a corresponding memorandum to the Minister of Education in Vienna. The request was finally granted in September 1901 with the takeover of the Dornbirn secondary school in state administration. By 1903 it was expanded into a seven-level kk Oberrealschule . The new school building in the heart of Dornbirn, which is still in use today, was moved into in 1904. The upper secondary school was initially reserved primarily for the sons of the wealthy Dornbirn textile industrialists, but in 1911, Gertrud Cäsar, the daughter of the branch director of the Bohemian Union Bank, was the first student at the upper secondary school.

During the First World War

According to Stark, the school only gave importance to a few events between 1914 and 1918, such as the completion of the gymnasium in 1916 and the construction of the director's house.

“Such a presentation, which is limited to a few facts, of course loses another, essential point of view, which becomes apparent when looking through the […] annual reports […]. The Dornbirner Realschule can by no means be seen as a helpless victim of adverse circumstances, but was to a large extent linked to the political, military, economic and social conditions of the time. [...] Like more or less all schools [...] it [...] contributed in many ways in its relatively small sphere of activity to the fact that the war could be waged. The interdependence was so extensive that one [...] can speak of a militarization of school life. "

- Wilhelm strenght : history of the Dornbirn secondary school

In 1913, shooting lessons were offered as optional subjects, in which almost all sixth and seventh grade students took part. In the war years, the ongoing war shaped everyday school life. Since there was also a shortage of labor in agriculture, the students were obliged to do harvest work, so that some of the lessons had to be stopped completely.

In the first year of the war, pupils were drafted or volunteered, and sometimes teachers were forced to join.

In 1916, the school building had to be evacuated by order of the authorities because it initially served as an emergency reserve hospital and later as a station for enemy exchange wounded who were accommodated in the classrooms and in the gym. During this time, classes were held in a different building.

On September 3, 1918, the ceasefire hoped for by the population came into force. However, there was no trace of normality.

First republic

After the end of the war and with it the collapse of the Habsburg Monarchy, the kk Oberrealschule was renamed the Bundesrealschule in the school year 1921/22 .

The post-war years were dominated by the economic emergency, which severely restricted school operations until 1920. Furthermore, the actual school building was not available until December 1918. Another problem was the lack of heating material in the winter months. That is why the Christmas holidays had to be extended and lessons had to be held in the elementary schools in Markt and Oberdorf. In the school year 1921/22 the school ran into such financial problems that each student had to finance the printing of certificates with 80 kroner.

The fact that the young people no longer behaved as they did in the times of the monarchy was a thorn in the side of many teachers and the director. The pupils were only allowed to leave the Dornbirn area with the approval of the class board. Visits to restaurants were also severely restricted, and the director had to allow ball visits. The changing society and the far too high number of students in the classes - sometimes over 50 students - made it difficult to restore the authority of the teaching staff and the school.

Corporate state

One of the first changes by the Christian social rulers, which affected the Realschule, was the bringing forward of foreign language teaching to the first grade (in 1927 it was postponed to the second grade) in order to make it more difficult to transfer from the secondary school and thus to strengthen education for the elite. Girls should also be discriminated against, for example by being asked to sit in the back of the class, but the teachers vehemently rejected this.

The situation for the teachers deteriorated increasingly, they had to join the " Fatherland Front " and propagate the political and ideological goals of the corporate state in class.

Religious education also came to the fore, so the Catholic pupils were obliged to attend mass on all Sundays and high holidays. The driving force at the secondary school was the religion professor Christian Hiller , who had taught there since 1907, became a member of the Vorarlberg state parliament in 1934 and was a member of the "Fatherland Front". He often held masses in the chapel on the third floor of the building, which was later converted into a ballroom by the National Socialists .

During the corporate state, school life was increasingly militarized . In 1934 the first patriotic youth organization “ Austrian Young People ” was founded in Vorarlberg . According to their own statements, around half of the male students at the Realschule were part of this organization. Once a week the members met in the school yard to drill. In addition to physical education, other subjects such as geography , physics or chemistry had to be used for militarization.

Nazi dictatorship

After the annexation of Austria , the Austrian patriotic upbringing was replaced by National Socialist propaganda . From March 28, 1938, all teachers had to take the oath of service to Adolf Hitler . In March 1938 three teachers - director Emil Schneider , religion teacher Christian Hiller and Professor Johann Kober - were suspended from duty, the latter even imprisoned. Hiller was temporarily in Gestapo custody and was banned from the district. Another teacher voluntarily retired. In June 1938, all teachers joined the " NS teachers' association ". In addition to the Christian Socials, there were also some sympathizers of National Socialism who joined the NSDAP and became active in organizations such as the SS , SA or NS-Fliegerkorps . Professor Othmar Anderle took it to extremes: shortly after the Anschluss, he appeared in class in SS uniform. However, his opportunism and his “expulsion” from the SS caused ridicule, so that he was transferred to a school in Styria .

The school was renamed State High School for Boys in Dornbirn by the new rulers in order to clearly signal the National Socialist view that the school should not be accessible to girls. However, the rules were not followed, so girls were also taught. Their number nevertheless fell significantly compared to the years before the Anschluss.

A picture of Hitler was hung in all classes and swastika flags were purchased for the numerous National Socialist celebrations and rallies. From then on, a stamp with a swastika and the inscription "Deutsche Oberschule Dornbirn" was used as the official seal for the certificates.

In the school there was a military tone, the teachers were referred to as "comrades" or "followers" in official communications, the class heads occasionally as "class commanders". The strictest discipline was expected from the students.

"The political education of the students was [...] provided through film screenings, lectures, visits to exhibitions, collecting campaigns and - last but not least - through normal lessons. In addition, it should be noted that the majority of the students were active in the ' Hitler Youth ' and were brought up [...] here in the spirit of National Socialism to serve the people [...]. The fact that normal teaching was severely impaired by the special position of the Hitler Youth in relation to the school [...] was actually encouraged by the rulers [...] - it was in line with the total [...] educational claim of National Socialism that less emphasis was placed on the intellectual education of the students was placed rather on the political, ideological and 'defensive spirit' education. "

- Wilhelm strenght : history of the Dornbirn secondary school

An excerpt from “ Mein Kampf ” served as high school reading . Mathematics lessons were not spared either, tasks related to the war were calculated. The French and drawing lessons also served to spread National Socialist ideas. The physical education classes were performance-based to prepare students for war. People, armed forces, race and leadership were the guidelines of the Ministry for physical education. Team sports such as football or martial arts such as boxing were promoted. Skiing also came to the fore, as the camps offered the opportunity to spread National Socialist ideas. The weekly hours devoted to sport were increased from three to five. While sport was promoted, religion was on the hit list. In autumn 1938, school prayers were abolished and replaced by Nazi slogans, and the crucifixes in the classes were removed. The chapel on the third floor was converted into a "ballroom". With the school year 1940/41, religious education was completely abolished.

Stumbling block for Hans David Elkan in Hohenems

An estimated 70 high school students died in World War II.

Hans Elkan

Hans David Elkan , who taught history, geography and introductory philosophical classes at the secondary school from 1935 to 1937 , belonged to the Hohenems Jewish community . In 1940 the National Socialists forced him to leave Hohenems and move with his parents to Vienna, from where he was deported to the Theresienstadt concentration camp in 1942 and murdered in 1944.

Second republic

After Austria's liberation from the Nazi dictatorship , denazification was pushed ahead, but only superficially in Vorarlberg, where only 4% of middle school teachers were dismissed from school for political reasons, compared to 52% in Vienna. However, director Wilhelm Thurnher did not try to dismiss former National Socialists, but rather to prevent them, so the 17 teachers were able to continue teaching, although twelve were former members of the NSADP and three were party candidates.

There was also a great lack of space, because the building was only designed for 250 students. A cooperation with Messe Dornbirn provided a remedy, in 1959 five classrooms were moved into the newly built exhibition tower (opposite the school in a northerly direction). In February 1965, the directorate's application for the addition and construction of another school building in Dornbirn was approved. The increase and the general renovation began in 1967 and completed in 1971. Two gyms were built by 1973, the old ones torn down. However, there was no improvement even after the completion of the BORG Schoren in 1973 and the increase. In the 1978/79 school year, five classrooms had to be set up again in the exhibition tower. In 1984 and 1985, after years of negotiations with the authorities, the gymnasium was expanded (now known as the "gymnastics wing") and ten new classrooms were created.

Structurally, the school was expanded in 2013 when it was finally possible to move into the new building, located southeast on the grounds of the BG Dornbirn. 2.4 million euros were budgeted for the project. In the course of the new building, a new canteen and a third gym were built. The sports field has also been modernized. The new building was increased in 2018 to create space for all-day classes.

Before the exhibition center in Dornbirn-Schoren was opened in 1975, the Dornbirn exhibition took place on the premises of the BGD.

The Bundesgymnasium Dornbirn has been a UNESCO school since September 12, 2010 .

On June 2, 2014 the high school in the Ministry of the Environment in Vienna was awarded the environmental label by Environment Minister Andrä Rupprechter ( ÖVP ) and Minister of Education Gabriele Heinisch-Hosek ( SPÖ ); on March 20, 2019, it was awarded again, this time by Environment Minister Elisabeth Köstinger (ÖVP ) and Education Minister Heinz Faßmann (ÖVP).

Curriculum

From the first grade onwards, English is taught as the first foreign language ; in the third grade, students have the option of choosing between Latin , French and Spanish as their second foreign language. In the fifth grade, students who have Spanish or French as a second foreign language receive Latin as a third, and those who have Latin as a second foreign language receive Spanish.

With the school year 2009/10, the Realgymnasium für Kultur und Ökonomie (“branch of industry”) was created as an alternative to the classic grammar school, which focuses on internationality, culture, natural science and practical relevance in addition to business . From the sixth grade on, business and economics are taught instead of a third foreign language, with the option of obtaining an entrepreneur driving license from the Chamber of Commerce in the eighth grade .

Known students

Known teachers

  • Karl Drexel , Austrian member of the Reichsrat 1907–1911, member of the Federal Council and member of the National Council
  • Emil Schneider , Austrian Minister of Education 1922–1926

literature

Web links

Commons : Bundesgymnasium Dornbirn  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b Bundesgymnasium Dornbirn - annual report 2019/20. (PDF; 43.3 MB) Student statistics 2019/2020. In: bgdornbirn.at. July 13, 2020, p. 106 , accessed August 11, 2020 .
  2. ^ Bundesgymnasium Dornbirn. In: ÖKOLOG . Retrieved August 11, 2020 .
  3. ^ Wilhelm strenght: history of the Dornbirner Realschule . Vorarlberger Authors Society, Bregenz 1991, ISBN 3-900754-09-8 , p. 135 ( malingesellschaft.at [PDF; accessed on August 17, 2020]).
  4. ^ Wilhelm strenght: history of the Dornbirner Realschule . Vorarlberger Authors Society, Bregenz 1991, ISBN 3-900754-09-8 , p. 135 f . ( malingesellschaft.at [PDF]).
  5. ^ Wilhelm strenght: history of the Dornbirner Realschule . Vorarlberger Authors Society, Bregenz 1991, ISBN 3-900754-09-8 , p. 136–138 ( malingesellschaft.at [PDF; accessed on August 17, 2020]).
  6. ^ Wilhelm strenght: history of the Dornbirner Realschule . Vorarlberger Authors Society, Bregenz 1991, ISBN 3-900754-09-8 , p. 138 ( malingesellschaft.at [PDF]).
  7. ^ Wilhelm strenght: history of the Dornbirner Realschule . Vorarlberger Authors Society, Bregenz 1991, ISBN 3-900754-09-8 , p. 139–140 ( malingesellschaft.at [PDF]).
  8. ^ Wilhelm strenght: history of the Dornbirner Realschule . Vorarlberger Authors Society, Bregenz 1991, ISBN 3-900754-09-8 , p. 140–146 ( malingesellschaft.at [PDF]).
  9. ^ Wilhelm strenght: history of the Dornbirner Realschule . Vorarlberger Authors Society, Bregenz 1991, ISBN 3-900754-09-8 , p. 147 ( malingesellschaft.at [PDF]).
  10. ^ Wilhelm strenght: history of the Dornbirner Realschule . Vorarlberger Authors Society, Bregenz 1991, ISBN 3-900754-09-8 , p. 147–149 ( malingesellschaft.at [PDF]).
  11. ^ Wilhelm strenght: history of the Dornbirner Realschule . Vorarlberger Authors Society, Bregenz 1991, ISBN 3-900754-09-8 , p. 151 ( malingesellschaft.at [PDF]).
  12. ^ Wilhelm strenght: history of the Dornbirner Realschule . Vorarlberger Authors Society, Bregenz 1991, ISBN 3-900754-09-8 , p. 191–196 ( malingesellschaft.at [PDF; accessed on August 17, 2020]).
  13. ^ Wilhelm strenght: history of the Dornbirner Realschule . Vorarlberger Authors Society, Bregenz 1991, ISBN 3-900754-09-8 , p. 200–201 ( malingesellschaft.at [PDF]).
  14. ^ Wilhelm strenght: history of the Dornbirner Realschule . Vorarlberger Authors Society, Bregenz 1991, ISBN 3-900754-09-8 , p. 201 ( malingesellschaft.at [PDF]).
  15. ^ Wilhelm strenght: history of the Dornbirner Realschule . Vorarlberger Authors Society, Bregenz 1991, ISBN 3-900754-09-8 , p. 203–206 ( malingesellschaft.at [PDF]).
  16. ^ Wilhelm strenght: history of the Dornbirner Realschule . Vorarlberger Authors Society, Bregenz 1991, ISBN 3-900754-09-8 , p. 212–217 ( malingesellschaft.at [PDF]).
  17. ^ Wilhelm strenght: history of the Dornbirner Realschule . Vorarlberger Authors Society, Bregenz 1991, ISBN 3-900754-09-8 , p. 224–230 ( malingesellschaft.at [PDF]).
  18. ^ Wilhelm strenght: history of the Dornbirner Realschule . Vorarlberger Authors Society, Bregenz 1991, ISBN 3-900754-09-8 , p. 234–235 ( malingesellschaft.at [PDF]).
  19. ^ Wilhelm strenght: history of the Dornbirner Realschule . Vorarlberger Authors Society, Bregenz 1991, ISBN 3-900754-09-8 , p. 235 ( malingesellschaft.at [PDF]).
  20. ^ Wilhelm strenght: history of the Dornbirner Realschule . Vorarlberger Authors Society, Bregenz 1991, ISBN 3-900754-09-8 , p. 235–236 ( malingesellschaft.at [PDF]).
  21. ^ Wilhelm strenght: history of the Dornbirner Realschule . Vorarlberger Authors Society, Bregenz 1991, ISBN 3-900754-09-8 , p. 240 ( malingesellschaft.at [PDF]).
  22. ^ Wilhelm strenght: history of the Dornbirner Realschule . Vorarlberger Authors Society, Bregenz 1991, ISBN 3-900754-09-8 , p. 243–247 ( malingesellschaft.at [PDF]).
  23. ^ Wilhelm strenght: history of the Dornbirner Realschule . Vorarlberg Authors Society, Bregenz 1991, ISBN 3-900754-09-8 , p. 256 ( malingesellschaft.at [PDF]).
  24. ^ Wilhelm strenght: history of the Dornbirner Realschule . Vorarlberg Authors Society, Bregenz 1991, ISBN 3-900754-09-8 , p. 260–264 ( malingesellschaft.at [PDF]).
  25. ^ Wilhelm strenght: history of the Dornbirner Realschule . Vorarlberg Authors Society, Bregenz 1991, ISBN 3-900754-09-8 , p. 287–290 ( malingesellschaft.at [PDF]). }
  26. ^ Extension of the Bundesgymnasium Realschulstrasse, Dornbirn. In: architekturwettbewerb.at. September 4, 2009, accessed August 11, 2020 .
  27. ↑ BG Dornbirn. Extension. In: big.at . Retrieved August 11, 2020 .
  28. ^ Bundesgymnasium Dornbirn . In: architektur im netz , nextroom.at. Retrieved August 11, 2020.
  29. ↑ Bundesgymnasium Dornbirn (Ed.): Bundesgymnasium Dornbirn. Annual report 2018/19. Dornbirn 2019, p. 8-9 .
  30. ↑ General information. The BGD as a UNESCO school. In: bgdornbirn.at. Retrieved August 11, 2020 .
  31. ↑ UNESCO schools. Austrian project schools as part of the global network. In: unesco.at . Retrieved August 11, 2020 .
  32. ↑ Environmental label - BG Dornbirn. In: bgdornbirn.at. Retrieved August 11, 2020 .
  33. ↑ Language training - BG Dornbirn. Retrieved August 18, 2020 .
  34. ↑ Realgymnasium for Culture and Economics - BG Dornbirn. Retrieved August 17, 2020 .