Butzen (Spreewaldheide)

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Community Spreewaldheide
Coordinates: 51 ° 55 ′ 54 ″  N , 14 ° 10 ′ 4 ″  E
Height : 55 m above sea level NN
Area : 10.4 km²
Residents : 248  (Dec. 31, 2011)
Population density : 24 inhabitants / km²
Incorporation : October 26, 2003
Postal code : 15913
Area code : 035475
Butzener Hauptstrasse
Butzener Hauptstrasse

Butzen , Bucyn in Lower Sorbian , is a district of the Spreewaldheide municipality in the Dahme-Spreewald district (Brandenburg). From the Middle Ages until well into the 19th century it belonged to the Straupitz estate . Until 2003 Butzen was an independent municipality.

Butzen on the original measuring table sheets 4050 Straupitz and 4051 Lieberose from 1846

Geographical location

Butzen is located approx. 20 km east-southeast of Lübben , approx. 11 km southwest of Lieberose and approx. 18 km northwest of Peitz . The district borders in the north on Mochow (district of the municipality Schwielochsee ), in the east on Groß Liebitz and Klein Liebitz , also districts of the municipality Schwielochsee, in the south on Byhlen (district of the municipality Byhleguhre-Byhlen ), in the southwest on the municipality Straupitz (Spreewald ) , in the southwest to Neu Zauche and in the west to Laasow (part of the municipality of Spreewaldheide). The place can be reached via the L 41 from Straupitz; the L 41 leads via Butzen to Lamsfeld . Shortly before the village (from Straupitz) a connecting road branches off to Byhlen, in the village a connecting road branches off to Waldow.

The district is crossed from southeast to northwest by the Ressener Mühlenfließ , which flows from the Byhlener See to the Schwielochsee . At the southern end of the village, a ditch branches off that connects the Butzener See with the Ressener Mühlenfließ. To the northwest of the town center, the Ressener Mühlenfließ takes on another ditch from the right. The Butzener See, the Rammoltsee , the Bergsee and the Druschesee are in the area . Coming from the north, the Mochowfließ first flows into the Bergsee, then into the Rammoltsee and from there into the Butzener See. The Druschesee is connected to the mountain lake via a ditch, which is not always filled with water. In the south-east, the boundary line runs along the north-west bank of the Byhlener See. The highest elevation in the district is the Lehmberg at 81 m, the lowest point about 52 m at the point where the Ressener Mühlenfließ leaves the district.

history

The first documentary mention as Budsin took place on April 30, 1294, as Margrave Dietrich the Elder. J. der Lausitz Dietrich enfeoffed the old man from Ilow with the villages of Straupitz, Laasow and Butzen with all accessories. The property had previously been a margrave. In 1312 the Brandenburg Margrave Waldemar , who at that time held the Margraviate of Lausitz, assured Dietrich von Ihlow that he would remain independent of Lübben, provided that Lübben was not in the hands of the sovereign, i.e. he would remain the margrave's direct liege. At that time Lübben Castle and its accessories were owned by the Dobrilugk Monastery . This insurance from the Brandenburg margrave to Dietrich von Ihlow can be understood as an indication that the knight seat Straupitz (and thus also Butzen) once belonged to Lübben or to the accessories of Lübben Castle. In 2009, on the occasion of the first mention, a memorial stone was erected in the village.

Memorial stone to the first mention in 1294

The place is in the form of a street village . The name allows several interpretations. It could be derived from a basic form “Bud”, “Bod” or “Budetzsch” for “ Grenzort” . Another possibility is that the place is derived from "Budy" = "hut settlement". The original form is the same as for Bautzen .

In 1459 the place is known as Botzen, in 1538 as Boczen. In 1447 a (later) Dietrich von Ihlow sold the knight seat Straupitz with all accessories, namely Straupitz with vineyard and Vorwerk, Laasow with the mill, Butzen, Byhlen, Byhleguhre, Mochow and Groß Liebitz to the brothers Caspar, Heinrich and Franz, burgraves of Dohna . Butzen and half Byhlen had only returned to Dietrich von Ihlow shortly before they were sold; some time earlier he had pledged it to the Markbrandenburg Chancellor Heintze von Kracht auf Neu Zauche. On October 11, 1578, Caspar IV and his sons Christoph Wilhelm and Hans Burggrafen von Dohna sold the Straupitz rule for 45,000 thalers to Joachim I von der Schulenburg, who now ruled for three generations. The rule of Straupitz and thus also of Butzen went to the chief tax collector and district court assessor Georg von Wallwitz in 1615 for 75,000 thalers. On July 14, 1655, Bastian von Wallwitz sold the Straupitz estate for 54,137 thalers to the general in Swedish, Polish, electoral Brandenburg and Saxon services, Christoph von Houwald . The von Houwald family was owned by the Straupitz rulership until 1945 and also determined the history of the town of Butzen until 1849. Around 1670 Willibald von Houwald laid out the Vorwerk in Butzen.

Population development from 1818 to 2002
year 1818 1846 1871 1890 1910 1925 1939 1946 1950 1964 1971 1981 1991 2002
Residents 194 256 328 357 391 261 244 319 368 315 326 264 233 240

In 1708 there were five farmers, eight farmers and one Büdner living in Butzen, a total of 36 people aged between 12 and 60 years. In 1715 four local farmers are mentioned, along with eight cottagers and one housekeeper. The village was at 925 guilders estimate prized. According to Heinz-Dieter Krausch , there was a vineyard in Butzen; however, it does not state when this vineyard is proven. In 1809 there lived six whole farmers, eight whole kossats, one half kossati and ten cottagers or bidders in the village. In 1815, Saxony had to cede Niederlausitz to Prussia, and the Lübben district was assigned to the Frankfurt administrative district . For 1818, 25 fireplaces (= residential buildings) are named, in which 179 people lived. 15 people lived in the nearby sheep farm with three fireplaces. The place is called a village with Vorwerk. The place is also referred to as a village with a farm and a sheep farm in the topographical-statistical overviews of the Frankfurt administrative district in 1844 and 1867. The Vorwerk and the sheep farm belonged to the estate of Straupitz. The Vorwerk had an administrator named Feuerstack who was appointed by the rulers. In 1867 Heinrich Berghaus described the land in the district as having good productivity. The Cottbus-Schwielochsee Railway passed east of the town . The horse-drawn railway was built from 1844 to 1846. However, operations were stopped again in 1879. The tracks were dismantled before 1900. The route can still be seen over long stretches.

To the east of the district was one of the largest military training areas in GDR times. After the Second World War , 28 new farmer jobs were created in Butzen. In 1953 the Agricultural Production Cooperative (LPG) Type I "Be ready" was founded in Butzen . In the 1950s, a machine-tractor station (MTS) was set up in Butzen . Later there was a small tractor factory (VEB Kombinat für Gartenbautechnik BT Butzen), in which small tractors were built until 1991. There was also an agricultural engineering school in the Kranichgrund. The building complex was converted into a hotel and guesthouse in 1991. However, the hotel had to file for bankruptcy in 2008; the building has been empty since then.

Mayor and local council

The Butzen local council consists of three members. The current mayor is Hilmar Möller.

Listed house with massive barn in Butzener Hauptstrasse 14

Monuments and sights

The list of monuments of the state of Brandenburg lists an architectural monument in Butzen:

  • No. 09140002 House with massive barn, Hauptstrasse 14

as well as a ground monument:

  • Nr.12182 Dorfkern der Neuzeit, Dorfkern German Middle Ages, a coin find from the modern era

Some old farms along the main road with z. T. mighty stables and barn buildings.

Building Hauptstrasse 4

Tourism and leisure

The municipality of Spreewaldheide relies on gentle tourism. Some holiday apartments are offered in Butzen. The Wilderness Path hiking trail into the Lieberoser Heide starts from Butzen . It is divided into several sections. The path is well signposted and provided with information boards.

Clubs and celebrations

There is the Butzen volunteer fire brigade and the Butzen youth club in the village. Shrovetide is celebrated in the village and camping is maintained. The village festival takes place annually in summer.

natural reserve

The large Lieberoser Heide nature reserve extends to the Butzen district in the east. The Butzener See, Druschesee and Bergsee lakes are in the nature reserve, but not the Rammoltsee.

Personalities

  • Otto Lukas (1881–1956), local poet, teacher, as a student in Butzen

literature

  • Heinrich Berghaus : Land book of the Mark Brandenburg and the Markgrafthum Nieder-Lausitz in the middle of the 19th century. Volume 3, printed and published by Adolph Müller, Brandenburg 1856, online at Google Books
  • Götz Freiherr von Houwald : The Niederlausitz manors and their owners. Volume III: District of Lübben. Verlag Degener & Co., owner Gerhard Gessner, Neustadt an der Aisch 1984, ISBN 3-7686-4109-0 , p. 322ff.
  • Rudolf Lehmann : Historical local lexicon of Niederlausitz. Volume 1, Hessian State Office for Historical Regional Studies, Marburg 1979, ISBN 3-921-254-96-5 .
  • Rudolf Lehmann: The gentlemen in Lower Lusatia. Studies of origin and history. Böhlau, Cologne 1966 (= Central German Research, Volume 40), snippets from Google Books

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ Müller's Large German Local Book 2012: Complete local dictionary. 33. revised and exp. Ed., Walter de Gruyter, Berlin and Boston 2012, ISBN 978-3-11-027420-2 , online at Google Books , p. 231
  2. ↑ Place names Niederlausitz
  3. ↑ Main statute of the municipality of Spreewaldheide from March 3, 2009 PDF ( Memento of the original from November 9, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.amt-lieberose-oberspreewald.de
  4. ^ A b Heinrich Berghaus : Land book of the Mark Brandenburg and the Markgrafthum Nieder-Lausitz in the middle of the 19th century. Volume 3, printed and published by Adolph Müller, Brandenburg 1856, p. 669 ( Memento of the original dated December 13, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. . @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.books.google.de
  5. ^ Wilhelm Heinrich Riehl , J. Scheu: Berlin and the Mark Brandenburg with the Markgrafthum Nieder-Lausitz in their history and in their present existence. J. Scheu, Berlin 1861, online at Google Books . According to Riehl and Scheu, the Vorwerk was laid out after 1650
  6. ^ Rudolf Lehmann : Historical local lexicon of Niederlausitz. Volume 1, Hessisches Landesamt für Geschichtliche Landeskunde, Marburg 1979, ISBN 3-921-254-96-5 , pp. 165–166.
  7. ↑ Contribution to the statistics of the State Office for Data Processing and Statistics. Historical municipality register of the State of Brandenburg 1875 to 2005 19.3 District Dahme-Spreewald PDF
  8. ^ Heinz-Dieter Krausch : The earlier viticulture in Niederlausitz. In: Yearbook for Brandenburg State History. Volume 18, Berlin 1967, pp. 12–57, PDF (online at http://edoc.hu-berlin.de/ , p. 18)
  9. ↑ Topographical-statistical overview of the government district of Frankfurth ad O. G. Hayn, Berlin 1820.
  10. ↑ Topographical-statistical overview of the government district of Frankfurt ad O. Gustav Harnecker's bookstore, Frankfurt a. Cit. 1844
  11. ↑ Topographical-statistical manual of the government district of Frankfurt a. O. Verlag von Gustav Harnecker u. Co., Frankfurt a. O. 1867
  12. ^ Official Journal of the Royal Prussian Government in Frankfurt ad Oder. Born in 1855, January 17, 1855, p. 19, online at Google Books
  13. ^ Friedrich Redlich : Social development and names of the agricultural production cooperatives. With special consideration of Niederlausitz. In: The name in language and society (= German-Slavic research on naming and settlement history, Volume 27). Akademie-Verlag, Berlin 1973, pp. 203-219, especially p. 206
  14. ↑ List of monuments of the state of Brandenburg. District of Dahme-Spreewald. Status: December 31, 2016 PDF ( Memento of the original from July 16, 2018 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.bldam-brandenburg.de