Caspar Detlev von Schulte

from Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Caspar Detlev von Schulte , also Kaspar Detlev von Schulte (born March 13, 1771 in Stade ; † December 27, 1846 in Hanover ) was a Hanoverian state and finance minister , co-author of the state constitution for the Kingdom of Hanover and later its resolute opponent .

Life

family

Caspar Detlev von Schulte came from “one of the oldest noble families who used to be extremely wealthy ” in the Duchy of Bremen . His first marriage was Sophie Hedwig Wilhelmine Luise von dem Busche -Münch (1778–1808), with whom he had the daughter and later court painter Auguste von Schulte . After the early death of his first wife, he married Christine Sophie Julie Luise Caroline von Wangenheim (* 1789) for the second time in 1810 ; she was considered to be the “creator of Schulte's Bella Vista garden, located in front of the New Gate in Hanover ,” which she lived in with her husband, but which was designed by the horticultural artist and landscape gardener Franz Christian Schaumburg .

The Lower Saxony State Archives are in possession of a manuscript Stammbuch Caspar Schulte, Burgmann zu Horneburg for the period from 1607 to 1771, which includes a colored coat of arms. The author was Caspar von Schulte zu Horneburg und Kuhmühlen

Career

Kaspar Detlev von Schulte enjoyed private lessons in his parents' house and was thus prepared for a scientific training. In the summer semester of 1790 he registered to study experimental physics at the University of Göttingen , where he heard, among others, Georg Christoph Lichtenberg . In particular, however, he dealt with feudal law . During his studies he was a member of the Göttingen Order of Unitists , but was soon excluded again “because of his cold behavior”. In the winter semester of 1791/92 von Schulte lived temporarily with Nolte on Zindelstrasse .

In 1792 von Schulte joined the Hanoverian civil service as an auditor at the law firm in Stade , where he was appointed judicial councilor in 1797 or 1798 .

In 1794 von Schulte joined the St. Antonii Brotherhood in Stade .

After he was promoted to chamber councilor at the royal electoral chamber of Hanover in 1802 , the French occupation and the establishment of the Kingdom of Westphalia brought about an overthrow of the previous political system. Nevertheless, von Schulte served in similar positions in the administration , now as State Councilor for the Westphalian government under King Jerome .

After the Congress of Vienna and the reorganization of the Hanoverian government as the Kingdom of Hanover, Schultes' official duties were suspended for a while, as with many of his colleagues who had served the Westphalian government during the so-called French era . But 1818 was already Schulte to secretly Kammerrat appointed in Hanover and soon with the management of land and water engineering - department responsible. After his appointment to the Real Privy Council in 1823 , he was finally appointed in 1831 as "State and Cabinet Minister for Departments of General Financial Affairs ", which included landscape , domain , chamber and customs as well as commercial and manufacturing causes.

At the same time, von Schulte had been a member of the first chamber of the general assembly of estates as one of the representatives of the Bremen knighthood from 1819, and for a long time held the office of general syndic of this assembly of estates . There he led on 15 October 1831 Chairman of the Commission for review of the draft constitutional - law , that of from the 1833 William IV, King of Hanover, Great Britain and Ireland. Confirmed so-called "fundamental law" emerged for the Kingdom of Hanover.

After the newspaper appeal by war councilor Carl Georg Ludolph Justus von Hattorf and in particular Friedrich Wilhelm von Dachenhausen in 1833, von Schulte chaired the constituent meeting of the trade association for the Kingdom of Hanover on April 27, 1834 .

After King Ernst August 1837 repealed the constitutional law and von Schulte spoke out in favor of its legal validity, the king dismissed him from service - as did all other cabinet ministers : Von Schulte himself, who had sworn an oath of office on the constitution, had to do so on October 30th Signed the King's proclamation to repeal the constitution in 1838 and resigned the following day to the position of simple department minister for finance.

In order to at least maintain his last position, von Schulte did everything in his power to thwart the restoration of the constitution of 1833: After the Bremen provincial parliament had asked the king to restore the constitution of the state in 1838, von Schulte tried in the state parliament the following year to achieve a revocation of this request with the overwhelming power of the entire Bremen nobility.

See also

literature

Web links

References and comments

  1. ↑ a b c d e f g Klaus Mlynek: Schulte, (2) Caspar Detlef von (see literature)
  2. ^ GND number of the German National Library
  3. ↑ a b c d e f Hans-Joachim Heerde: The audience of physics. Lichtenberg's listener. Wallstein Verlag, Göttingen 2006, ISBN 3-8353-0015-6 , p. 570; online through google books
  4. ↑ a b c d e f g h i N.N: Schulte (Kaspar Detlev) (see literature)
  5. ^ Hugo Thielen : Schulte, (1) Auguste von. In: Stadtlexikon Hannover. P. 556.
  6. ^ Waldemar R. Röhrbein , Ludwig Hoerner : Bella Vista. In: Stadtlexikon Hannover. P.56.
  7. ↑ see Lower Saxony cultural heritage under web links
  8. ↑ Note: The "Conversations-Lexikon" mentions the year 1798 and only now the place Stade
  9. ↑ a b c d e f g Bernhard von Poten: Schulte, Kaspar ... (see literature)
  10. ↑ Daniel Mohr: Disputes over trade reforms and the introduction of trade freedom in the Kingdom of Hanover. Dissertation . Georg-August-Universität zu Göttingen , Göttingen 2001, p. 101.
personal data
SURNAME Schulte, Caspar Detlev von
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Schulte, Kaspar Detlev from
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Minister of State and Finance in the Kingdom of Hanover
DATE OF BIRTH March 13, 1771
PLACE OF BIRTH Stade
DATE OF DEATH December 27, 1846
Place of death Hanover