Christian Ferdinand Friedrich Hochstetter

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Christian Ferdinand Friedrich Hochstetter (born February 16, 1787 in Stuttgart ; † February 20, 1860 in Reutlingen ) was a German botanist , pastor and professor at the teachers' seminar in Esslingen am Neckar . Its official botanical author abbreviation is " Hochst. "

Life

Hochstetter was the son of Johann Heinrich Hochstetter, who was Professor of Jurisprudence at the Hohen Karlsschule in Stuttgart. His mother was Christiana Johanna Magdalena Hochstetter nee Schlegel, daughter of the rector of the Heilbronn high school.

Hochstetter attended high school in Stuttgart and the theological monastery in Tübingen . In 1807 he received his master's degree .

During his studies in Tübingen, Hochstetter was a member of the secret society founded by Karl Ludwig Reichenbach on February 12, 1806 in Tübingen for the establishment of a colony on Tahiti (Otaheiti) in the South Pacific ( Otaheiti Society ). The society was discovered at the end of 1808 and most of its members were arrested on suspicion of high treason. Hochstetter was classified as a follower and was released after 70 days in the castle against payment of the prison costs.

Later he was a teacher for six months at a private institution in Erlangen , then for four years a tutor in the house of the Minister von Altenstein. In 1816 he was pastor and school inspector of the evangelical parish in Brno ( Moravia ), also a senior of the Brno district. In 1824 Hochstetter was a professor at the school teachers' college in Esslingen, in 1825 at the same time a deacon and in 1829 a pastor in Esslingen. Hochstetter published numerous writings on natural history , botany and mineralogy , but also on theology and education . In 1840 he was elected a member of the Leopoldina .

His son from his fourth marriage to Sofie Friederike Orth (* 1795 in Heilbronn ; † 1861), Christian Ferdinand von Hochstetter (* 1829 in Esslingen am Neckar , † 1884 in Vienna ), was a geographer , geologist , natural scientist and explorer. Another son was the botanist Wilhelm Christian Hochstetter .

Württemberg Natural History Travel Association

The Württembergische Naturhistorische Reiseverein (Unio itineraria) was a stock corporation for the implementation of natural history collecting trips. The founders and main actors of the travel association were Christian Ferdinand Hochstetter and the Esslingen senior medical officer Ernst Gottlieb Steudel . The travel association existed between the years 1825 and around 1845. This joint-stock company made it possible to send botanists and mineralogists into the world to collect plant material (dried plants or seeds) and, to a lesser extent, minerals or zoological material. These collections often contained new objects that had never been described. With this activity, the Esslinger Reiseverein promoted natural history research in a number of countries. The intention was to achieve profitability by selling collections or parts for shares or money. The objects were determined by Hochstetter, Steudel or specialists. With the even distribution of mainly herbaric plants, it was also ensured that a uniform basis was created for research into the flora of these countries - especially for Ethiopia.

The botanist Franz von Fleischer was one of the first to travel to Tyrol in the summer of 1825. In 1826 a Mr. Müller traveled through southern Germany, then through Istria and back. Fleischer also went on another trip to the Ionian Islands, Smyrna , Constantinople and Greek coastal areas. Christian Friedrich Ecklon had collected for the travel association. In the annual report of the Swedish Academie from 1828 there is a reference to one of these trips, which led to Norway in 1828 and was carried out by Johann Gottlob von Kurr and Johann Wilhelm Peter Hübener . In 1829 and 1830, Philipp Anton Christoph Endress (1806–1831) made botanical trips to the Pyrenees. The natural scientist and botanist Wilhelm Schimper has traveled several times in the northern part of Africa on behalf of the travel association. a. in Abyssinia.

Honor taxon

The plant genus Hochstetteria DC. the Asteraceae plant family was named after Hochstetter.

Works (selection)

  • Enumeratio plantarum Germaniae Helvetiaeque indigenarum. 1826 (together with Ernst Gottlieb von Steudel )
  • Natural history of the plant kingdom in pictures. 1865; this is the 2nd edition of the part about the plant kingdom from the work "Textbook of Natural History" by Gotthilf Heinrich von Schubert
  • The poison plants of Germany and Switzerland in lithographed and colored illustrations with explanatory text , ed. 1, Stuttgart 1844, ed. 3 1874-1876.
  • Together with Ernst Gottlieb von Steudel : Enumeratio plantarum Germaniae Helvetiaeque indigenarum . 1826.

literature

  • Robert Zander : Zander concise dictionary of plant names. Edited by Fritz Encke , Günther Buchheim, Siegmund Seybold . 13th, revised and expanded edition. Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart 1984, ISBN 3-8001-5042-5 .
  • Helmut Engisch: The dream of Otaheiti and Od. In: Helmut Engisch: The Swabian Buffalo King and the Lion Madam. Theiss, Stuttgart 1998, ISBN 3-8062-1328-3
  • Arno Wörz: The Esslinger Botanische Reiseverein 1825-1845 (= Klaus Hentschel [Hrsg.]: Stuttgart contributions to the history of science and technology . Volume 9 ). Logos, Berlin 2016, ISBN 978-3-8325-4211-5 .

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ A b Arno Wörz: The Esslingen Botanical Travel Association 1825–1845.
  2. ↑ Member entry by Christian Ferdinand Hochstetter at the German Academy of Natural Scientists Leopoldina , accessed on February 6, 2016.
  3. ^ Johannes Müller: The scientific associations and societies in Germany in the nineteenth century . 1. Volume, Asher, Berlin 1924, p. 505, ( digitized version ; the name Esslinger Botanische Reiseverein chosen by the author Arno Wörz in his book title was not in use in historical literature.)
  4. ^ A b Gottlieb Wilhelm Bischoff : Textbook of Botany , 2nd vol. 2nd part, General Botany, Schweizerbart, Stuttgart 1839, p. 404, digitizedhttp: //vorlage_digitalisat.test/1%3D~GB%3D1EgaAAAAYAAJ~IA%3D~MDZ%3D%0A~SZ%3DPA404~ double-sided%3D~LT%3D~PUR%3D .
  5. ^ Hochstetter: About the result of the botanical trip of the pharmacist Fleischer to Tyrol in the summer of 1825 . In: Flora or general botanical newspaper , Volume 9, Regensburg 1826, p. 81 ff., Digitizedhttp: //vorlage_digitalisat.test/1%3D~GB%3DqWg-AAAAcAAJ~IA%3D~MDZ%3D%0A~SZ%3DPA81~ double-sided%3D~LT%3D~PUR%3D
  6. ↑ This name appears in different spellings, e.g. B. Mülber.
  7. ^ Johann Em. Wikström: Annual report of the Swedish Academy of Sciences on the progress of botany in 1828 . Max & Co, Breslau 1835, p. 122, (translation by Carl Traugott Beilschmied ), digitizedhttp: //vorlage_digitalisat.test/1%3D~GB%3D5y8YAAAAYAAJ~IA%3D~MDZ%3D%0A~SZ%3DPA122~ double-sided%3D~LT%3D~PUR%3D .
  8. ^ Johann Em. Wikström: Annual report of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences on the progress of botany in 1831 . Max & Co, Breslau 1834, (translation by Carl Traugott Beilschmied), pp. 145–146 digitizedhttp: //vorlage_digitalisat.test/1%3D~GB%3DRCtZAAAAcAAJ~IA%3D~MDZ%3D%0A~SZ%3DPA145~ double-sided%3D~LT%3D~PUR%3D
  9. ↑ Advertisements in: Flora or Botanische Zeitung , New Series 1st Jg., 1st Bd., Regensburg 1843, p. 278
  10. ↑ Lotte Burkhardt: Directory of eponymous plant names . Extended Edition. Botanic Garden and Botanical Museum Berlin, Free University Berlin Berlin 2018. [1]
  11. ↑ Walter Erhardt among others: The great pikeperch. Encyclopedia of Plant Names . Volume 2, page 1954. Verlag Eugen Ulmer, Stuttgart 2008. ISBN 978-3-8001-5406-7
personal data
SURNAME Hochstetter, Christian Ferdinand Friedrich
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Hochstetter, Christian Ferdinand; Hochstetter, Christian Friedrich
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German botanist and pastor
DATE OF BIRTH February 16, 1787
PLACE OF BIRTH Stuttgart
DATE OF DEATH February 20, 1860
Place of death Reutlingen