Counter-Strike
| Counter-Strike | |||
|---|---|---|---|
 | |||
| Studio | Valve | ||
| Publisher | Valve, EA Games (originally Sierra Entertainment ) | ||
| Erstveröffent- lichung |
Windows: November 8, 2000 September 9, 2003
 Xbox: November 18, 2003 December 5, 2003
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| platform | Windows , Xbox , Linux , macOS | ||
| Game engine | GoldSrc | ||
| genre | Online - tactical shooter | ||
| Game mode | Multiplayer | ||
| control | Keyboard and mouse | ||
| medium | CD / DVD or download | ||
| language | multilingual | ||
| Age rating |
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Counter-Strike [ kaʊntəˌstɹaɪk ] (. English for retaliation ), short- CS , is a video game for the PC from the genre of online - tactical shooter . The game, which was first published on June 19, 1999, is a modification of the first-person shooter Half-Life and has become particularly popular through LAN parties and the Internet . Counter-Strike was originally created by a group of hobby developers led by Minh Le ("Gooseman") and Jess Cliffe ("cliffe"), some of whose members later worked at Valve . The game is about skirmishes between terrorists and an anti-terrorist unit , in which certain tasks have to be fulfilled.
Since the release of version 1.0 on 8 November 2000 Counter-Strike was more than a decade one of the most popular and most played online action games and the most played game in e-sports . Due to its high level of popularity, the game was regularly used by the mass media as an example of "killer games" and also associated with rampages such as the rampage in Erfurt . The long-lasting high popularity of Counter-Strike is and was unusual, despite the age of the game and the clearly outdated graphics in the end. The original game has since been largely replaced by its successors Counter-Strike: Source and Counter-Strike: Global Offensive .
Game content
The content of the game is a tactical battle between two groups, the terrorists ("T") and the anti-terrorist ("CT"), a special police unit. Depending on the scenario, the teams receive different assignments that the opposing team must prevent from being fulfilled.
By eliminating the opposing players or fulfilling mission objectives, the individual player receives points and virtual money. The mission objectives are mostly either for the anti-terrorist unit to free hostages or for the terrorists to plant a bomb ( C4 ). For killing team members or hostages, money and points are deducted from the respective player.
The game is based on individual rounds. The two groups start in two defined areas on the map , the spawn zones . At the beginning of each game round, each player can buy weapons and other equipment ( hand grenades , protective vests, etc.) from their virtual cash account . A round usually ends when the mission objectives have been met, after a time limit of typically 5 minutes, or when one of the teams has been eliminated. In contrast to Deathmatch games, players who were shot down during one round cannot play again until the next round and are spectators until then. Players who survived the round can use their remaining weapons, equipment and ammunition in the next round. The money is retained even after the virtual death of the game character and is only reset if the player changes teams or takes part in a new match, for example.
Each player starts at the beginning of a round with 100 life points . As soon as the life points are reduced to zero, this means the death of the game character. Life points are typically reduced by gunfire, but can also be affected by falling from a great height, by explosions or by other environmental hazards in the individual maps. The damage depends on the weapon used and the hitbox . A headshot, which is often fatal, causes significantly more damage than a hit in the legs. As long as the character is still alive, a mere reduction in health has no harmful side effects.
interface
Counter-Strike is played with a keyboard and mouse . The WASD key assignment is used to move the pawn , as is typical of the genre : With W you run forwards, with S backwards. With A and D you go sideways. Additional buttons allow the player to jump, crouch, sneak, use objects and chat with fellow players, among other things . The player can adjust the key assignment according to his own wishes.
The mouse is used to change the direction of view and to aim. Pressing the left mouse button triggers the weapon; depending on the weapon, the player can use the right mouse button to switch the shooting mode, mount a silencer or look through the telescopic sight. The available weapons can be switched with a scroll wheel or keys 1 to 5 .
Various information is displayed on the screen during the game. In the upper left corner is the "radar", which shows the positions of the team members compared to their own position. All kills, the players affected and the weapon used are listed at the top right. In the lower area there is the display of the life points, the armor display, which shows the status of the protective vest, the remaining lap time as well as on the right edge your own money and the amount of ammunition that is in the current weapon or is in reserve.
Scenarios and Maps
With Counter-Strike, several levels (so-called "maps", also often referred to as "maps") are included. Each map contains a relatively realistic three-dimensional representation of the respective location. In addition to streets, buildings, rooms and other objects, the starting points of the respective teams and, depending on the scenario, for example the starting points of the hostages or the positions for placing the bomb are specified in each map. The name of the level usually begins with an abbreviation, which indicates the scenario used. There are four official scenarios in Counter-Strike. Of these, only the hostage rescue scenario and the bomb defusing scenario have prevailed.
In the hostage rescue scenario (cs_ card name ) there are three or four computer-controlled hostages near the terrorist starting point , which must be freed by the anti-terrorist unit and escorted to a rescue zone. To do this, the anti-terrorist unit must reach the hostages and address them by pressing a button, whereupon they run after the player. The poor artificial intelligence and the lack of control over the hostages meant that this scenario was avoided in competitions. The hostage rescue scenario was the first and in early beta versions the only scenario of Counter-Strike.
The defusing scenario (English "Defusion", de_ map name ) is the second implemented and most important scenario, which was also commonly used in leagues and competitions. One of the terrorists starts with a C4 explosive charge that can be placed in one of two specially marked places. The goal of the terrorists is to plant the bomb and to defend it until the timer has expired. The anti-terrorist unit must either prevent the bomb from being laid or defuse the bomb. A defusing set, which can be purchased at the beginning of the round, reduces the time required.
In addition to these two scenarios, two other scenarios were implemented during development, but they were not very popular: In the escape scenario, the terrorists start without the opportunity to buy equipment and have to reach a defined rescue zone. In the assassination scenario (English for attack), the terrorists' goal is to prevent a VIP in the team of the anti-terrorist unit from reaching a defined rescue zone.
Since own maps can be created for the game with the help of the Hammer Editor , many hobby designers have made additional maps available for download . Some correspond to the usual Counter-Strike scenarios, others change the gameplay considerably.
Characters
Apart from the VIP in the assassination scenario, there are eight playable characters in Counter-Strike, four of which can be selected per team. Apart from their appearance, the characters do not differ in terms of their properties or abilities, so they are not character classes .
In the team of the anti-terror unit, the player can choose between the French Groupe d'intervention de la gendarmerie nationale (GIGN), the British Special Air Service (SAS), the United States Navy SEALs and the German GSG 9 . The selectable characters in the terrorist camp, on the other hand, do not correspond to any real model.
Weapons and equipment
Counter-Strike weapons are divided into three categories: primary weapons ( shotguns , submachine guns , assault rifles , sniper rifles, and machine guns ), secondary weapons ( pistols ), and other equipment (such as grenades ). In addition, each player has a combat knife that can be used in close combat. A primary weapon, a secondary weapon and four grenades can be worn a maximum (maximum one high explosive grenade, two stun grenades ( "Flash Bangs") and a smoke grenade ).
The arsenal is based on real weapons and equipment. In the retail version, the names of the guns were partly alienated for reasons of trademark law . For example, the SIG 552 became the "Krieg 552" and the Steyr Scout became the "Schmidt Scout".
Not every weapon can be bought by both teams. For example, the AK-47 assault rifle (referred to as the "CV-47" in some versions) can only be bought by the terrorists, while the M4A1 is reserved for the anti-terrorist unit. However, weapons dropped by the other team can be picked up, used and, if necessary, reused in the next round. At the beginning of a new round, the player can also buy ammunition for such "prey weapons".
The ballistics and effect of the models used in the game do not match those of real weapons; rather, both factors have been adapted to the needs of the underlying game mechanism. Projectiles have an infinite speed and are not influenced by gravity and friction, and they can sometimes even penetrate thick walls.
communication
Counter-Strike typically offers a chat function . As in all known multiplayer titles, the player language is often used in abbreviated form .
Another communication option is the integrated voice communication software (voice tool), which enables the players to communicate directly with their teammates using a microphone or headset . In addition, ready-made voice samples (radio commands) are available, which can be triggered either via a menu in the game or directly by pressing a button. Examples are “Roger that!” For confirmation or “Need backup!” For calling for help. These are then played back to the other team members, giving the impression of radio traffic.
Another possibility of communication is offered by external voice software such as TeamSpeak , Skype , Ventrilo , Mumble or, in some cases, Battlecom , which can be started in addition to the game and can be communicated via this instead of the communication tools integrated in the game.
development
The development of Counter-Strike began as a recreational project of a small group around Minh Le ("Gooseman") and Jess Cliffe. The first beta version of the Half-Life modification was released for free on June 19, 1999 after a few weeks of development. This contained only the original hostage rescue scenario, a few weapons and four levels . This was followed by other beta versions in which many bugs were fixed and more weapons and maps were integrated. The bomb disposal scenario was integrated with Beta 4, the remaining two scenarios with Beta 6.
Version 1.0 was released on November 8, 2000 and contained three new weapons and improved player models, meanwhile the team has been recruited from Valve. From then on, Counter-Strike was available in two versions: Still as a free mod from Half-Life, but also as a purchase version, which was sold as an independent game via Sierra Entertainment . Version 1.1 received further improved player models and new maps as well as a spectator mode. Version 1.2 was only released for the purchase version and contained the Half-Life Mod Deathmatch Classic , which users of the Mod version had already received through a Half-Life patch . Version 1.3 enabled players to communicate with each other via microphone or headset during the game and contained other minor improvements. Version 1.4 was the first version that was playable on Steam as a test . In addition, Valve integrated the anti-cheat system VAC . Version 1.5 was the last version that could be used without Steam. Many problems were fixed in it, the Mod Ricochet integrated and a new map added.
The final version of Counter-Strike bears the version number 1.6, runs only on Steam and combines all other version updates. Among other things, portable protective shields for the anti-terrorist unit, other new weapons and in-game advertising were integrated .
Success and influence
criticism
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The PC version of Counter-Strike was well received by the press, achieved a Metascore of 88% and received the following awards and placements (chronologically):
- Best Online Game (2000). - Gaming Age
- Action Game of the Year (2000). - Gamepen.com
- Action Game of the Year (2000). - Actiontrip.com
- Online Game of the Year (2000). - GameSpot UK and US
- Special Award for Multiplayer Gaming (2000). - Gamespy.com
- Action Game of the Year (2000). - GameSpot US , Readers Choice
- Game of the Year (2000). - Voodoo Extreme, Readers Choice
- Best Multiplayer (2000). - Electronic Playground
- Revolutionary PC Game (2000). - Game Revolution
- Best Online Game (2000). - Game Revolution
- Online Game of the Year (2000). - Computer Games
- Game of the Year (2000). - Gamers.com
- Best Multiplayer Game (2001). - Game Developer Spotlight Awards
- Special Achievement in Gaming (2001). - Game Developer Spotlight Awards
- Game Innovation Award (2001). - Game Developers Choice Awards
- Rookie Studio Award (2001). - Game Developers Choice Awards
- 29th in GameSpy's 2001 Top 50 Games of All Time. - GameSpy
- 83rd place in IGN's 2003 List of 100 Greatest Games of All Time. - IGN
- 49th place in GameFAQ's 2005 Top 100 Games of All Time. - GameFAQ’s
- # 71 in IGN's 2005 List of 100 Greatest Games of All Time. - IGN
- 12th place in Top 2007 of the 105 meilleurs FPS de tous les temps. - No question
Sales figures
As of November 2008, 4.2 million copies of the Windows version of Counter-Strike had been retailed. Not counting the 9.3 million copies of Half-Life sold, on which Counter-Strike can be installed free of charge. By August 2012, the number of licenses sold since the release in 1999 was 25 million, according to the developer.
Successor sales figures in November 2008:
- Xbox version : 1.5 million
- Counter-Strike: Condition Zero : 2.9 million
- Counter-Strike: Source : 2.1 million
Position in e-sports
Counter-Strike was the most played online shooter for around ten years, with around 50,000 to 200,000 players playing the game online at any given time. This only changed significantly when Team Fortress 2 became available for free on June 24, 2011 and has since had a higher number of users than Counter-Strike. At the end of 2012, the classic Counter-Strike was largely replaced by its successor, Counter-Strike: Global Offensive .
Counter-Strike was played professionally around the world and it was one of the most famous esports games. Counter-Strike achieved its international breakthrough on March 14, 2001, when it replaced Quake III Arena as the official tournament game of the CPL World Championship event . In addition to amateur and leisure leagues, there were international professional leagues in which there were recognized championships and international competitions . Aside from special counter-strike leagues , almost all multigame leagues had the game in their program. In the professional leagues, international prizes of several 10,000 euros were distributed. In the 2006 and 2007 Counter-Strike competitions, prize money totaling over US $ 1,000,000 was distributed to the teams. With prize money of US $ 200,000, the CPL Summer 2003 was the most highly endowed Counter-Strike tournament.
Major competitions (international):
- World Cyber Games
- Electronic Sports World Cup
- ESL Intel Extreme Masters
- CODE5
- Cyberathlete Professional League
Major competitions (national):
Cheating
Counter-Strike was a popular target for cheaters due to its widespread use . For example, programs and modifications have been programmed that allow players to see through walls (for example through "wallhacks" or manipulated, extra-large player models), to make flash and smoke grenades ineffective, or to aim automatically at the opponent ("aimbots") ).
In addition to Valve's own anti-cheat system VAC, there are also third-party programs such as Cheating-Death, PunkBuster and others to combat cheats .
Furthermore, there are program errors in Counter-Strike (so-called bugs ), which can often be traced back to errors in the half-life engine or the map design. For example, in some places it is possible to skip one another (similar to a robber ladder ) to leave the designated play area, or to throw stun grenades into certain corners, which actually blinds uninvolved players. The Electronic Sports League forbids taking advantage of such errors.
The accusation "killer game"
Counter-Strike has often been referred to as a " killer game " in the media because guns are used to shoot human-looking figures. As Counter-Strike became more widely known, the game was regularly cited as an example of violence in computer games.
In 2002, what was then the Federal Inspectorate for Writings Harmful to Young People (today: Federal Inspectorate for Media Harmful to Young People ) processed an application for indexing Counter-Strike. After the rampage in Erfurt on April 26, 2002, the public discussion on this topic came to a head, although it later turned out that the gunman preferred other first-person shooters. For the first time, the BPjS invited representatives of the gaming community to take part in the investigation. On May 16, 2002, the BPjS announced that it had determined a certain risk to young people, but this was not sufficient for indexing. The reason given was, for example, that the goal of the game can be achieved without killing the opponent and that various communication options - especially at LAN parties - are used in the gaming community . At the same time, the BPjS pushed for an amendment to the Youth Protection Act , which was passed in June 2002 and implemented on April 1, 2003.
The gunman Emsdetten of 20 November 2006 to, among other first-person shooters and Counter-Strike played regularly, according to newspaper reports and his own school have recreated as Counter-Strike Level. According to newspaper reports, the gunman from Winnenden is also said to have spent a lot of time with "killer games". Counter-Strike was installed on his computer.
successor
Xbox version
Due to the great success of Counter-Strike, Valve released a port for the Xbox on December 5, 2003 for 60 euros . This version contained computer-controlled opponents (bots) that you could compete against; alternatively, you could play on the Internet via the chargeable Xbox Live system. The high price as well as the inadequate precision of the control with the gamepad , which is clearly inferior to the classic control with mouse and keyboard, was criticized .
Counter-Strike: Condition Zero
| Counter-Strike: Condition Zero | |||
|---|---|---|---|
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| Studio | Rogue Entertainment , Gearbox , Ritual Entertainment , Turtle Rock Studios | ||
| Erstveröffent- lichung |
Windows: March 1st, 2004
Linux & macOS: January 24th, 2013 |
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| platform | Windows , macOS , Linux | ||
| Game engine | GoldSrc | ||
| Game mode | Single player , multiplayer | ||
| medium | CD / DVD or download | ||
| Age rating |
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After a long development period, Condition Zero ( CS: CZ for short ) was launched in 2004 , a variant of the game that was designed primarily for single players and graphically improved compared to the predecessor.
During the programming , the development team changed frequently: after Rogue Entertainment and Gearbox , Ritual Entertainment took over the project. The Turtle Rock Studios brought it to a conclusion.
CS: CZ offers two single player modes:
- In the single-player main game, the player must complete specified tasks in order to reach a higher rank ( tournament ) in the game . Each rise in rank is rewarded with virtual money, with which the player can acquire additional computer-controlled comrades-in- arms . These offer different skills and weapons and are helpful as the difficulty increases with each new level.
- The second single-player game are the so-called "Deleted Scenes" ("Deleted Scenes"). The "Deleted Scenes" is a single player mode from Counter-Strike, which was developed by Ritual Entertainment and was initially discarded by Valve during development. However, after massive criticism from computer game magazines, the game was reinstalled for the final release. During the course of the game, the player is in the role of an elite soldier, especially in war regions, and must fulfill specified mission objectives, e.g. B. Rescue hostages or infiltrate buildings.
CS: CZ also offers multiplayer bots with selectable difficulty levels. These automatically generate waypoints for the map that serve the AI and can therefore be integrated into any map. The intelligence of the hostages has also been significantly improved, for example in Condition Zero they are also able to use ladders, jump, crouch and escape independently.
Condition Zero achieved a certain spread, but never the popularity of the original Counter-Strike, as it was essentially a graphical update and many players either did without a change due to the necessary adjustment and the new acquisition costs, or only a little later released Counter-Strike: source changed. At the beginning of 2009, only a few hundred to a few thousand players played Condition Zero on the public servers at the same time, while the original version reached player numbers well over 50,000.
Counter-Strike: Source
Counter-Strike: Source (abbreviated CS: S ) is a few months after Condition Zero published port of Counter-Strike on that developed by Valve Source - graphics engine used in Half-Life 2 is used. This made the game graphics much more detailed and realistic. In addition, the can thanks to the use Havok - physics engine events in the game world, for. B. falling and rolling barrels, thrown weapons, ragdolls or swinging cable cars and the like can be realistically displayed. This was not possible in the previous versions and also has an effect on the game.
Counter-Strike Neo
Counter-Strike Neo is a Japanese arcade adaptation of Counter-Strike. It was published by Namco . According to a report by Gamasutra , this version, specially adapted for the Japanese market, has some significant differences. In particular, the background story moves away from the classic terrorism scenario towards more culturally adapted player models (e.g. anime ) and includes a "karma system" that rewards players who tackle opponents directly and punishes those who hide and hide camping .
Counter-Strike 2D
Counter-Strike 2D (CS2D) is a free , unofficial offshoot of the Counter-Strike series developed by Unreal Software . The content of the game is based on Counter-Strike 1.6, but is played (similar to the first two parts of GTA ) exclusively from a bird's eye view.
Counter-Strike: Global Offensive
On August 12, 2011 Valve published information about another successor with the name Counter-Strike: Global Offensive ( CS: GO for short ) for the first time . The game was developed by Hidden Path and was released for the PC , Mac , PlayStation 3 and Xbox 360 in summer 2012. It contains new weapons, characters, and maps and, like Counter-Strike: Source, uses the Source Engine . For the final version, it was initially planned to allow PC , Mac and PS3 players to play with and against each other in special game modes . However, this functionality was canceled when it became clear that Sony's limited patching policy for the PS3 would make the planned frequent patching of the PC and Mac version impossible. Global Offensive officially
started on August 21, 2012, and pre-orderers could take part in the final beta phase from August 14, 2012.
Reception of the successors
- Metascore
- Counter Strike (Xbox) : 74%
- Counter-Strike: Condition Zero : 65%
- Counter-Strike: Source : 88%
- Counter-Strike: Global Offensive (PC) : 83%
- Counter-Strike: Global Offensive (360) : 79%
- Counter-Strike: Global Offensive (PS3) : 80%
Modifications
There are several plug-ins for administrators that, installed on the server, fundamentally change the character of the game or influence the gaming experience through additional information and effects. For example, some allow voting on which card will be played next. Another area of application is to prevent individual players from being disturbed on public servers. Servers that experience major changes to the game principle through mods often have a note in their name.
See also
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b c d e f Oliver Klös: Killerspiele - The usual suspects. In: Today News. November 22, 2006, archived from the original on January 15, 2007 ; Retrieved September 4, 2012 .
- ↑ GameSpy's Top 50 Games of All Time. In: GameSpy.com. GameSpy Industries, July 2001, archived from the original on August 12, 2012 ; accessed on September 4, 2012 (English): "including the most popular multiplayer action title of all time: Counter-Strike"
- ↑ Kevin Bowen, Spenser Norrish: Counter-Strike 1.6. In: GameSpy.com. GameSpy Industries, January 15, 2003, accessed on September 4, 2012 : "the world's most popular online action game"
- ↑ a b Steam: Game and Player Statistics. Valve, archived from the original on September 17, 2011 ; accessed on September 4, 2012 .
- ↑ How servers affect the game. (No longer available online.) Mods.de network, archived from the original on October 27, 2012 ; Retrieved September 4, 2012 .
- ↑ a b c d e f Counter-Strike: History. In: Half-Life Portal. Retrieved September 4, 2012 .
- ↑ CounterStrikeFrance.com: Les Personnages de Counter-Strike ( Memento from May 3, 2012 in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ a b Half-Life: Counter-Strike. In: Metacritic. Retrieved September 4, 2012 .
- ↑ Best Online Game (2000). In: Gaming-Age.com. Archived from the original on June 21, 2008 ; accessed on September 4, 2012 .
- ↑ a b c d e f g h i j k l m Awards and Honors. Valve Corporation, accessed September 4, 2012 .
- ↑ Game Innovation Award (2001). Game Developers Choice Awards, archived from the original on March 4, 2008 ; accessed on September 4, 2012 .
- ^ 1st Annual Game Developers Choice Awards. Retrieved September 4, 2012 .
- ↑ GameSpy's 2001 Top 50. In: GameSpy.com. Archived from the original on May 12, 2010 ; accessed on September 4, 2012 .
- ↑ IGN's Top 100 Games of All Time. In: IGN Entertainment . Ziff Davis , archived from the original on January 20, 2009 ; accessed on September 4, 2012 .
- ↑ Fall 2005: 10-Year Anniversary Contest - The 10 Best Games Ever. In: GameFAQs. Retrieved September 4, 2012 .
- ↑ IGN's Top 100 Games. In: IGN Entertainment . Ziff Davis , archived from the original on July 23, 2005 ; accessed on September 4, 2012 .
- ↑ Half-Life élu Meilleur FPS De Tous Les Temps. In: NoFrag. April 16, 2007, accessed September 4, 2012 (French).
- ↑ Chris Remo: Analysis: Valve's Lifetime Retail Sales For Half-Life, Counter-Strike Franchises. In: Gamasutra. December 3, 2008, accessed September 4, 2012 .
- ↑ Sebastian Thöing: Counter-Strike 2: Valve announces new shooter for 2012 - release via Steam and on consoles. In: PCGames. August 12, 2012, accessed June 15, 2013 .
- ↑ a b c Top Game Servers By Players. In: GameSpy.com. Archived from the original on May 3, 2009 ; accessed on September 4, 2012 .
- ↑ Fred Dutton: Team Fortress 2 unseats Counter-Strike. In: Eurogamer.net. June 24, 2011, accessed September 4, 2012 .
- ↑ Violence on the screen - shooting in virtual space . In: Frankfurter Rundschau . No. 271 , November 21, 2006.
- ↑ Tonya Welch: History of the CPL - Part V. Cyberathlete Professional League, archived from the original on December 31, 2006 ; accessed on September 4, 2012 .
- ^ Jeff Suckow: The 2007 Counter-Strike Prize Money List. In: GotFrag eSports. January 5, 2008, archived from the original on August 27, 2012 ; accessed on September 4, 2012 .
- ↑ GotFrag: 2006 Counter-Strike Year in Review ( Memento from February 2, 2012 in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ CPL Pentium® 4 Processor Summer 2003 Championship (Counter-Strike). In: esportsearnings.com. Retrieved July 12, 2015 .
- ↑ Counter-Strike and cheating ..... Inspired Gaming, archived from the original on January 4, 2010 ; accessed on September 4, 2012 .
- ↑ Counter-Strike - Bugs. In: ESL FAQ. Electronic Sports League, accessed September 4, 2012 .
- ↑ Map-specific bugs. In: ESL FAQ. Electronic Sports League, accessed September 4, 2012 .
- ^ Report of the Gutenberg High School Commission. (PDF, 3MB) April 19, 2004, pp. 335–338 , archived from the original on September 7, 2012 ; Retrieved September 4, 2012 .
- ↑ "Counter Strike" decision No. 5116 of May 16, 2002. (PDF, 73KB) Federal Testing Office for Media Harmful to Young Persons, May 16, 2002, accessed on September 4, 2012 .
- ↑ The attack on the school ends with the death of the perpetrator. In: NZZ.ch. Neue Zürcher Zeitung AG, November 20, 2006, accessed on September 4, 2012 .
- ↑ Holger Dambeck: Student hobby mapping: My school in Counter-Strike. In: SPIEGEL ONLINE. November 25, 2006, accessed September 4, 2012 .
- ↑ Computer games, weapons and school frustration. In: netzeitung.de. NZ Netzeitung GmbH, March 12, 2009, archived from the original on March 15, 2009 ; Retrieved September 4, 2012 .
- ↑ Counter-Strike, the test complete on Xbox. In: Gamekult. December 4, 2003, accessed September 4, 2012 (French).
- ↑ Counter-Strike Review by Greg Kasavin on GameSpot.com ( Memento from September 11, 2013 in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ Counter-Strike: Condition Zero. In: Steam. Valve Corporation, accessed September 4, 2012 .
- ↑ Counter-Strike: Condition Zero: Information. In: Half-Life Portal. Retrieved September 4, 2012 .
- ↑ CS: Condition Zero 1.2 update. In: Half-Life Portal. Retrieved September 4, 2012 .
- ↑ Steam: Game and Player Statistics ( Memento from January 24, 2009 in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ Eric-Jon Waugh: The Localization of Counter-Strike in Japan. In: Gamasutra. March 27, 2006, accessed September 4, 2012 .
- ↑ CS2D on Steam. Retrieved October 29, 2018 .
- ↑ Peter Schauss: CS2D. Retrieved October 29, 2018 .
- ↑ Valve announces Counter-Strike: Global Offensive (CS: GO). Valve Corporation, accessed September 4, 2012 .
- ↑ Counter-Strike: Global Offensive trailer reveals cross-platform play, Valve to host official servers. In: PC Gamer. Future Publishing Limited, August 26, 2011, accessed September 4, 2012 .
- ↑ Counter-Strike: Global Offensive loose cross-play. In: Joystiq. March 5, 2012, archived from the original on May 30, 2012 ; accessed on September 4, 2012 .
- ↑ Peter Steinlechner: Go, go, go! In: Golem.de . August 21, 2012, accessed September 4, 2012 .
- ↑ Peter Steinlechner: Global Offensive with beta early start. In: Golem.de . August 8, 2012, accessed September 4, 2012 .
- ↑ Counter-Strike. In: Metacritic. Retrieved September 4, 2012 .
- ↑ Counter-Strike: Condition Zero. In: Metacritic. Retrieved September 4, 2012 .
- ^ Counter-Strike: Source. In: Metacritic. Retrieved September 4, 2012 .
- ↑ Counter-Strike: Global Offensive. In: Metacritic. Retrieved September 4, 2012 .
- ↑ Counter-Strike: Global Offensive. In: Metacritic. Retrieved September 4, 2012 .
- ↑ Counter-Strike: Global Offensive. In: Metacritic. Retrieved September 4, 2012 .