Electronic Arts

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Electronic Arts, Inc.

logo
legal form Corporation
ISIN US2855121099
founding May 28, 1982
Seat Redwood City , California , United States
United StatesUnited States 
management Andrew Wilson ( CEO )
Larry Probst (Chairman)
Blake Jorgensen ( COO )
Number of employees 9,300 (2013)
sales 4.8 billion USD ( FY 2017)
Branch Software development
Website www.ea.com

Electronic Arts ( EA ) is a listed, global manufacturer and publisher of computer and video games . The company was best known for its sports games ( Madden NFL , FIFA ), but also publishes numerous other titles in other subject areas. From the mid-1990s until the merger of Vivendi Games and Activision to form Activision Blizzard in 2008, the company was the market leader in computer games by sales. With annual sales of approximately $ 3 billion in 2007, the company had a market share of approximately 25 percent in the North American and European markets. The company's shares are listed on the Nasdaq Composite and the S&P 500 .

history

Corporate headquarters in Redwood City

According to his own account , when company founder Trip Hawkins found out about the development of the microprocessor in the summer of 1975, he decided that he would start his own computer game company in 1982. That is how long it would take, in his estimation, until a sufficiently large market had emerged and computer technology would provide enough power for his idea of ​​computer games. After studying at Harvard and Stanford Universities , he joined Apple in 1978 . In April 1982 he left the company in order to use the money he had earned from the IPO of Apple to found his new software company on May 28, 1982, which was initially called Amazin 'Software. Hawkins financed the company out of pocket for the next six months and worked from home. In August 1982 he temporarily moved to Sequoia Capital before the company finally established its long-term headquarters in San Mateo, California . Since Hawkins wanted to emphasize the art aspect of computer games more, he toyed with the idea of ​​renaming it SoftArt. However, at the request of Dan Bricklin, founder of Software Arts, he discarded these names. After brainstorming among the first employees and involving a marketing agency, the decision in favor of Electronic Arts was finally made in October 1982.

Electronic Arts started with the claim to consider computer games as an art form and to show the designers and software developers appropriate appreciation. This was partly in contrast to common practices and the like. a. at Atari and Intellivision, who initially refused to give their employees recognition in the form of naming their authors as authors or sharing sales, partly because they were afraid of being poached by the competition (see, for example, the creation of the game manufacturer Activision ). After a long lead-time and contracts with several external developer companies, EA entered the market in 1983 as a publisher with six titles: Hard Hat Mack , Pinball Construction Set , Archon , MULE , Worms? and Murder on the Zinderneuf . The publication in elaborately designed boxes with hinged covers, reminiscent of record sleeves and prominently bearing the name of the respective designer on the front, was striking.

For the first few years, EA did not develop its own games and initially only served the home computer market. It was not until the late 1980s that the company began developing its own games, and in the early 1990s it expanded its business into the video game market.

Founder Trip Hawkins left the company in 1991, and was succeeded by Larry Probst . In the 1990s, the company developed from a strong US publisher to the global market leader in entertainment software with offices and distributors in 75 countries. In 1998 the company's headquarters were relocated to Redwood City . The around 100 new products have been marketed annually since the beginning of 2000 under the labels EA Games , EA Sports , EA Sports Big and the separate EA Partners business unit . In 2005, the EA Games brand was replaced by the plain EA . In addition, the company makes its global marketing and sales structure available to other well-known manufacturers such as the computer games departments of well-known media companies - for example Time Warner's Warner Bros. Interactive and Disney's Buena Vista Interactive .

In October 2005 it was announced that Electronic Arts had reached an exclusive contract with Steven Spielberg for the development of three games. The takeover of the French company Ubisoft was under discussion, but was fiercely opposed by them, they even asked other studios and the French government for help. In 2006 the company relocated its European headquarters from Chertsey , UK to Geneva , Switzerland .

EA had sales of $ 3.091 billion and profits of $ 76 million for the fiscal year ended March 30, 2007. In April 2007, Larry Probst handed over his position as CEO of the company to John Riccitiello , who until then had been Managing Director of Elevation Partners and from October 1997 to April 2004 Chief Operating Officer and President for EA. In the same year, EA announced that it would shift its corporate focus from licensed sports games and film adaptations to game brands whose rights are entirely owned by the company. The reasons given are the preferences of both in-house developers and the public. In negotiations following a class action lawsuit launched by EA developers against the company in 2005 , this was one of the compromise offers. In October 2007 EA acquired the BioWare and Pandemic Studios development studios from Elevation Partners for $ 860 million .

In fiscal year 2008 EA was able to increase its sales slightly, but had to cope with losses of 454 million US dollars. On February 3, 2009, it was announced that EA had to accept a loss of 641 million US dollars in the third quarter of the current fiscal year. As a result, 1,100 jobs were cut, which corresponds to around eleven percent of all jobs in the company.

In 2010 Electronic Arts officially introduced the so-called online pass for all of its games as part of Project Ten Dollar . This measure is directed primarily against the used trade in computer games and should give the company a share of the second-hand market. First-time buyers of a game are rewarded with additional game content worth around 10 dollars with the enclosed voucher codes. After the voucher has been redeemed, these are tied to a personal user account of the player and can therefore not be passed on in the event of a sale. If the buyer of a used version also wants to use this additional content, he must also purchase it directly from Electronic Arts or via an official sales channel used by EA (e.g. the online sales platforms of the console manufacturers). This system was first used in November 2009 with Dragon Age: Origins and finally in January 2010 with Mass Effect 2 . Since 2010, all simulations in the EA Sports series , starting with Tiger Woods PGA Tour 2011 , require the Online Pass to be able to compete online against other players in multiplayer. This concept was subsequently adopted by many competitors, including Sony , THQ , Warner Bros. and Ubisoft . In May 2013, however, EA announced that it would waive the online passport in the future due to customer dissatisfaction.

At the end of October 2010, an EA employee confirmed that an unspecified number of employees would be dismissed at short notice. According to unconfirmed information, more than 100 employees are said to be affected.

On March 30, 2013, CEO Riccitiello resigned. After a transition phase in which Larry Probst took over the management as Executive Chairman, Andrew Wilson was appointed as the new CEO in September 2013. In July 2014 EA announced that it would provide a subscription service under the name EA Access with the most successful games.

"Origin" sales platform

Origin logo

In June 2011 EA launched its online sales platform Origin . Origin is a summary and further development of the online services EA Store and EA Download Manager . It bears the name of the developer studio and publisher Origin Systems, which was taken over in 1992 . In addition to its function as an online sales channel, Origin offers users the community functions of a social network . With this concept, the online service is based on established sales platforms such as Valve's online service Steam , whose direct competitor is Origin. While the offer was initially limited to in-house productions, Electronic Arts announced on October 27, 2011 that other game publishers would use Origin to publish their games. The Origin system has received massive criticism, especially in Germany since its introduction, primarily because of its way of transmitting data to EA.

Electronic Arts Germany

Germany headquarters in Rheinauhafen , Cologne

EA has been represented in Germany since July 1, 1993, initially with its Gütersloh location . With the acquisition of the Aachen-based distributor Kingsoft in February 1995, the German EA team moved to its headquarters. In October 2001 Electronic Arts Germany relocated its headquarters from Aachen to Cologne . In December 2006 the foundation stone was laid for a new building in the Rheinauhafen in Cologne, which has since been moved into. From there, the German, Austrian and Swiss business is controlled, in which Electronic Arts is the leader with a market share of over 20 percent. Electronic Arts Germany was a founding member of the Federal Association of Interactive Entertainment Software (now game - Association of the German Games Industry ) in 2005 and provided Jens-Uwe Intat as one of the three board members. Jens Kosche has been Managing Director of Electronic Arts GSA since 2014, and has been a member of the board of game since 2018.

criticism

EA is often criticized for having a greedy business model. The company exploits the players through "microtransactions" (dt. Small amount payments), which give the buyer a strategic advantage over other players in competitive games (e.g. Sim City BuildIt) - even if the game can be purchased for a fixed price (FIFA 18). In Star Wars Battlefront II, too, the community complained about such a "pay-to-win" system in the game. In March 2018 EA responded with a patch that revised the loot system and made all characters in the game available for free. According to its own information, EA earned a total of 1.68 billion dollars in 2017 through microtransactions alone.

Investments and takeovers

Over time, Electronic Arts has bought or taken over the majority of well-known computer game developers and distributors , including:

In addition, there are or have been holdings in:

  • Neowiz - 19 percent stake since 2007
  • NovaLogic - 40 percent stake
  • The9 - 15 percent stake since 2007
  • Ubisoft - 15 percent stake sold in 2010

From 1994 to 1999 Electronic Arts developed a series of military simulations called Jane's Series . Responsible for the naming was a license from the specialist journal Jane's Defense Weekly , which in return provided the games with extensive databases with detailed background information. Many former Origin and MicroProse employees were involved in the development of the games themselves .

Electronic Arts enjoys great profits thanks to many popular licensed sports titles (e.g. Football Manager , FIFA , Madden NFL , games for Major League Baseball , the NBA and the NHL ).

On February 24, 2008, Electronic Arts published a takeover bid for its competitor Take 2 Interactive ( Grand Theft Auto series). The offer of nearly two billion US dollars was initially rejected by the Take Two board of directors, which is why EA decided to publish it in a press release and thus address the shareholders directly. However, since the shareholders did not accept the offer, there was no takeover.

An attempt to take over the Swedish Mojang AB, which is known for its game Minecraft , failed in 2011 due to the rejection of the management by Mojang.

Studios

The two studios EA UK and EA Criterion have shared a building in Guildford since 2007.

Former studios

Labels

EA Games Logo
EA Sports logo
EA Sports logo

In 2007 EA was restructured and divided into four largely independently operating labels.

  • EA Games Label - In 2005 the EA Games brand was replaced by the EA brand. The newly founded label EA Games should not be confused with the previous brand.
    • EA (all titles that cannot be assigned to the other labels)
    • EA Mythic (Multiplayer RPG)
    • EA Partners (external development studios)
  • EA Sports label
    • EA Sports (realistic sports simulations)
    • EA Sports Freestyle (EA Sports BIG until May 2008; non-realistic sports games, extreme sports)
  • EA Casual Entertainment Label
    • EA Bright Light (Harry Potter, EA Playground, Boogie etc.)
    • EA Mobile (mobile and iPod games)
    • Pogo.com (online mini-games)
  • The Sims label
    • Life simulations that have the term Sim or Sims in their name, such as SimCity or The Sims.

EA Partners

In addition to a large number of in-house developments, Electronic Arts also publishes a number of externally developed games. This division is grouped under the name "EA Partners". The type of cooperation with external development studios and publishers can be regulated very differently. A global publishing agreement usually includes pre-financing and personal support for development as well as EA taking over marketing, PR and sales activities. In some cases, however, there are also regionally limited contracts or, for example, pure distribution agreements. The past few years have shown that this form of collaboration is also used to check whether an external development studio is compatible with EA's work. As in the case of the Swedish studio Dice, for example, this can lead to a takeover of the developer by EA.

Current EA partners (extract)

Social debate

The German branch of Electronic Arts is increasingly involved in the social and scientific debate about computer and video games.

  • In the quarterly magazine EA - Das Magazin , which has been published since 2004, current topics such as violence in computer games or the generation of silver gamers, the “Generation 50 Plus”, are regularly taken up. In 2005 and 2006 it was the winner of the Best of Corporate Publishing Awards.
  • In spring 2006 Electronic Arts organized the event Clash of Realities - Computer and Social Reality in Cologne in cooperation with the Cologne University of Applied Sciences . A follow-up event took place in Cologne from March 5th to 7th, 2008.
  • A database with an overview of all important studies on the subject of impact research is compiled on the company's website.
  • In November 2006, Electronic Arts hosted a Berlin panel discussion on violence in computer and video games with prominent researchers and politicians.
  • In August 2006, Electronic Arts and Nintendo launched the “Spielraum” training initiative for more media skills, based at the Cologne University of Applied Sciences .
  • In 2011, the release of Battlefield 3 in Germany caused a scandal. The PC version of Battlefield 3 could only be used after installing the Origin client and activating the program in the associated online shop. At this point in time, the Origin license agreement contained several passages that, according to data protection experts, violated German consumer and data protection law. In response to customer protests and critical reports, the terms and conditions and the functionality of the Origin client were revised in some of the disputed points (see also Origin (sales platform) ). The group also invited customers and the trade press in Germany to a round table at its German headquarters in Cologne.
  • In 2017, the release of " Star Wars: Battlefront II " sparked the " Lootbox " debate again, since the full-price title was only able to get the full gaming experience through microtransactions in the game. To get this one would have had to invest 2100 euros or 4528 hours. A huge shitstorm forced EA to remove the loot boxes from the game and there was a discussion in Europe as to whether loot boxes should be considered gambling. EA has now completely removed this and only additional cosmetic content can be purchased.
  • Loot boxes are still a big factor in EA games, especially in the mobile game industry of initially inexpensive free to play titles such as " Star Wars: Galaxy of Heroes ". A new character in this game costs an average of around 300 euros. One of the developers responded to a tweet in which a gamer complained that with $ 1,000 a year you weren't up to the top and how much money would they think you should put into this game, around $ 4,000-5,000? with the answer "Yes, if you want to be up there."

Electronic Arts Games (excerpt)

0-9

  • 688 Attack Sub (1989: PC; 1990: Amiga; 1991: Mega Drive)
  • 688 (i) Hunter Killer ( Jane’s , PC, 1997)

A.

  • Abrams Battle Tank (1988: PC; 1991: Mega Drive)
  • Advanced Tactical Fighters ( Jane’s , 1996)
  • Adventure Construction Set (1985: Apple II, C64; 1986: Amiga, PC)
  • Age of Adventure (1986: Apple II, C64)
  • AH-64D Longbow ( Jane’s , PC, 1996)
  • Alarm for Cobra 11 - Vol. 3 (2005)
  • Ali Baba and the Forty Thieves (1986: C64)
  • Alien Fires: 2199 AD (1986: PC; 1988: Amiga)
  • American McGee's Alice (2000: PC)
  • Amnesia (1986: Apple II, PC; 1987: C64)
  • Archon: The Light and the Dark (1983: Atari 8-bit; 1984: Apple II, C64, PC; 1985: Amstrad CPC, ZX Spectrum; 1986: Amiga; 1989: NES)
  • Archon II: Adept (1984: C64; Atari 8-bit, Apple II; 1986: Amiga; 1989: Amstrad CPC, ZX Spectrum)
  • Arcticfox (1986: Amiga, Apple II, Atari ST, C64, PC; 1987: ZX Spectrum)
  • Armies of Exigo (2004: PC)
  • Army of Two (2008: Xbox 360, PS3)
  • Avatar - Departure for Pandora (PS3, Xbox 360, PC)

B.

  • Batman Begins (2005: Xbox, PS2, GameCube, GBA)
  • Battlefield series (10 games and various expansions, for PC, Xbox, Xbox 360, Xbox One, PlayStation 2, PlayStation 3, PlayStation 4 as well as iPhone and iPad. First published in 2002)
  • BattleForge (2009: PC)
  • Beetle Adventure Racing! (1999: N64)
  • BLACK (2006: PS2, Xbox)
  • Black & White series (2 games & 1 add-on for PC)
  • Boogie (2007: Wii, Ds)
  • Budokan: The Martial Spirit (1989: Amiga, PC; 1990: Amstrad CPC, Saturn; 1991: C64, ZX Spectrum)
  • Bulletstorm (2011 PC, PS3, Xbox 360)
  • Bundesliga Stars 2001 (2000: PC)
  • Burnout series (5 games for various consoles)

C.

  • Cartooners (1989: PC)
  • Catwoman (2004: PC, PS2, Xbox, GameCube, GBA)
  • Caveman Ugh-Lympics (1988: C64; 1989: PC; 1990: NES)
  • Cel Damage (2002: Xbox, GameCube)
  • Centurion: Defender of Rome (1990: PC; 1991: Amiga, Mega Drive)
  • Chuck Yeager's Advanced Flight Trainer (2 titles for PC and various home computers)
  • Clive Barker's Undying (2001: PC)
  • Command & Conquer series (EA 2003 or later titles only: 3 games and 3 add-ons for PC; 2 games and 1 add-on for Xbox 360)
  • Create (November 2010)

D.

  • Dead Space series (3 titles for PC, Xbox 360 and PS3)
  • Deathlord (1987: C64, Apple II)
  • Def-Jam series (4 games for various consoles)
  • Demon Stalkers (1987: C64; 1988: PC)
  • The Lord of the Rings: The Return of the King (2003: PS2, Xbox, GameCube, GBA, PC)
  • The Lord of the Rings: The Battle for Middle-earth (2 games and 1 add-on for PC and Xbox 360 since 2004)
  • The Lord of the Rings: The Two Towers (2002: PS2, Xbox, GameCube)
  • The Godfather - The Game (2006: PC and consoles)
  • Dr. J and Larry Bird Go One on One (1983: Apple II, Atari 8-bit; 1984: C64, PC; 1985: Amiga; 1987: Atari 7800)
  • Dragon Age series (3 titles for PC, Xbox 360, Xbox One, PS3, PS4)

E.

F.

  • F1 Challenge 1999-2002
  • F / A-18 Interceptor (1988: Amiga)
  • F-22 Interceptor (1990: Sega Mega Drive)
  • F-16 Combat Pilot (1989: Amiga, Atari ST, PC; 1990: Amstrad CPC, C64; 1991: ZX Spectrum)
  • Ferrari Formula One (1988: Amiga; 1989: Atari ST, PC; 1990: C64)
  • FIFA series (a game for PC and consoles every year since 1994)
  • FIFA Street series
  • Fleet Command ( Jane’s , PC, 1999)
  • Flood (1990: Amiga, Atari ST)
  • Fountain of Dreams (1990: PC)
  • Fusion (1988: Amiga, Atari ST)
  • Football Manager series (one game every year for PC since 2001 and for consoles until 2005)
  • Future Cop: LAPD

H

  • Hard Mat Attack (1983: Apple 2, C64; 1984: Amstrad CPC, PC)
  • Hard Nova (1990: PC; 1991: Amiga, Atari ST)
  • Harry Potter (all parts)
  • Haunting (1993: Mega Drive)
  • Heart of Africa (1985: C64)
  • Hound of Shadow (1989: Amiga, Atari ST, PC)

I.

  • Imperium (1990: Amiga, Atari ST, PC)
  • Indianapolis 500: The Simulation (1989: PC; 1990: Amiga)
  • Israeli Air Force ( Jane’s , PC, 1998)

J

K

  • Keef the Thief (1989: Amiga, PC)
  • Kings of the Beach (1988: PC; 1989: C64; 1990: NES)

L.

  • Lakers vs. Celtics and the NBA Playoffs (1989: PC; 1990: Mega Drive)
  • Legacy of the Ancients (1987: C64; 1989: PC)
  • LHX: Attack Chopper (1990: PC; 1992: Mega Drive)
  • Little Big Adventure series (2 titles for PlayStation)
  • Longbow 2 ( Jane’s , PC, 1998)
  • Lords of Conquest (1985: PC; 1986: Apple II, Atari 8-bit, C64; 1988: Atari ST)
  • Low Blow (1990: PC)

M.

N

P

  • Patton vs. Rommel (1987: PC)
  • PGA Tour Golf (1990: PC; 1991: Amiga, Mega Drive, SNES; 1993: Game Gear, Master System)
  • Phantis (1987: PC, C64, MSX, ZX Spectrum; 1988: Amstrad CPC, Atari ST)
  • PHM Pegasus (1987: Amstrad CPC, Apple II, C64; 1988: PC, ZX Spectrum)
  • Pinball Construction Set (1983: Atari 8-bit; C64; 1985: PC)
  • Populous series (3 games for Amiga, Atari ST, PC and others since 1989)
  • Powermonger (1990: Amiga, Atari ST; 1992: PC, Mega Drive; 1993: SNES; 1994: Mega CD)
  • Powerplay Hockey (1988: C64)
  • Project Firestart (1989: C64)
  • Projectyle (1990: Amiga, Atari ST)

R.

S.

  • Sentinel Worlds I: Future Magic (1988: PC; 1989: C64)
  • Seven Cities of Gold (1984: Apple II, Atari 800, C64; 1985: Amiga; 1987: PC)
  • Shox (2003: PS2, NGC)
  • SimCity series (1989)
  • Sims series (from 2000; 4 games and several add-ons for PC as well as conversions for several consoles)
  • Skate series (4 titles for PS3, Xbox360, Wii)
  • Skate or Die! (3 titles for PC, C64, NES and home computers)
  • Ski or Die (1990: Amiga, C64, PC, NES)
  • Skyfox series (2 titles for PC, C64 and various home computers)
  • Spore (2008: PC, Mac, Nintendo DS, mobile phone)
  • SSN-21 Seawolf (PC, 1994)
  • SSX series (since 2000)
  • Starflight series (2 titles for PC, Mega Drive and various home computers)
  • Star Saga: Two - The Clathran Menace (1989: Apple II, PC)
  • Star Wars: Battlefront
  • Star Wars: Battlefront II
  • Stormovik SU-25 Soviet Attack Fighter by Rick Tiberi (1990: PC)
  • Strike Fleet (1987: C64; 1988: PC; 1991: Amiga, Atari ST)
  • Super Boulder Dash (1986: C64, Apple II, PC)
  • Swords of Twilight (1989: Amiga)
  • Syndicate series (2012: PS3, PC, Xbox 360)

T

  • The Bard's Tale series (3 games for PC, Apple II, C64, Amiga and others since 1985)
  • The Immortal (developer: Sandcastle; 1990: Amiga, Apple IIGS, Atari ST; NES; 1991: Mega Drive, PC)
  • Theme Park series (3 titles for PC and various consoles)
  • Timothy Leary's Mind Mirror (1985: PC, C64)
  • TKO (1988: C64; 1989: PC)
  • Touchdown Football (1984: PC; 1986: C64; 1988: Atari 7800)

U

W.

EA-Classics

EA-Classics is a collection of various PC computer games, which was published on May 15, 2009 by Electronic Arts and which combines some games from EA. The selection of the titles takes place by an EA-internal jury, which selects the PC games for this series at regular intervals. The EA-Classics series is recognizable by its striking yellow color.

Awards

  • The Consumerist: Worst Company In America (German: worst American company of the year) 2012 and 2013 (German: worst American company of the year 2013, The Consumerist)
  • Human Rights Campaign : Best Places to Work for LGBT Equality (German: the best employers for equality between lesbians, gays, bisexuals, transsexuals and transgender people) 2012, 2013, 2014
  • Mass Effect 3 - Take Earth Back was awarded the Animated Com Award , the competition for applied animation, in the technology category at the 2013 Stuttgart Film Festival.

Web links

Commons : Electronic Arts  - collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Electronic Arts: About EA . Official company website, accessed December 31, 2013.
  2. ^ Electronic Arts: About EA . Official company website, accessed August 7, 2017.
  3. ↑ a b Looking forward to the next level. The world's biggest games publisher sees good times ahead. In: The Economist. February 8, 2007, p. 66.
  4. ↑ a b We See Farther - A History of Electronic Arts . ( gamasutra.com [accessed December 2, 2016]).
  5. ^ EA Reports Fourth Quarter and Fiscal Year 2007 Results. ( Memento of the original from September 27, 2007 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. In: EA. May 8, 2007 (Electronic Arts press release on Fiscal Year 2007 results).  @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.presse.electronic-arts.de
  6. ↑ Forbes.com : Profile: John S. Riccitiello ( Memento of the original from October 22, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (English), accessed October 4, 2011. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / people.forbes.com
  7. ↑ Tor Thorsen: EA buying BioWare / Pandemic for $ 860M ( English ) In: GameSpot . CNET . October 11, 2007. Retrieved October 4, 2011.
  8. ↑ Peter Steinlechner: Electronic Arts with new record sales. In: golem.de. May 14, 2008, accessed January 8, 2017 .
  9. ↑ Electronic Arts cuts 1100 jobs In: Heise Online February 4, 2009.
  10. ↑ Cliff Edwards & Adam Satariano: Electronic Arts: Lost in an Alien Landscape ( English ) In: Business Week . Bloomberg . February 10, 2010. Retrieved July 17, 2011.
  11. ↑ Daniel Raumer: Electronic Arts - ... fights against used games . In: GameStar . IDG . February 18, 2010. Retrieved July 11, 2011.
  12. ^ Luke Plunkett: Electronic Arts' "Project Ten Dollar" Isn't As Ominous As It Sounds ( English ) In: Kotaku . February 10, 2010. Retrieved July 17, 2011.
  13. ↑ Sebastian Thöing: Electronic Arts: Onlinepass asks fans of used games to check out again . In: PC Games . Computec Media Group . May 11, 2010. Retrieved July 17, 2011.
  14. ↑ Information on the Online Pass for EA Sports ( Memento of the original from July 13, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.easports.com
  15. ↑ Peter Steinlechner: Playstation 3: Sony games in future always with an online pass . In: Golem.de . Computec Media Group . October 4, 2011. Retrieved October 4, 2011.
  16. ^ Frank Moers: Uplay Passport: Publisher and game developer Ubisoft confirms online pass . In: PC Games . Computec Media Group . July 17, 2011. Retrieved October 4, 2011.
  17. ^ Peter Steinlechner: Project Ten: Dollar EA abolishes online pass . In: Golem.de . Computec Media Group . May 16, 2013. Retrieved May 17, 2013.
  18. ↑ Renewed dismissals at EA  ( page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. In: GameInsider. October 28, 2010.@1@ 2Template: Toter Link / gameinsider.de  
  19. ↑ March 18, 2013, Electronic Arts Announces Change in Executive Leadership
  20. ↑ Andrew Wilson named EA CEO . In: Gamespot . Retrieved September 18, 2013.
  21. ↑ Electronic Arts Announces Game Subscription, July 30, 2014
  22. ↑ Electronic Arts: EA launches Origin online service . 2011-06-031. Retrieved July 17, 2011.
  23. ↑ Electronic Arts: Origin Frequently Asked Questions ( English ) 2011-06-031. Retrieved July 17, 2011: “Q: What is Origin? - A: Origin is the new name of the EA Store, as well as the new name of the EA Download Manager. ”  ( Page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.@1@ 2Template: Dead Link / support.ea.com  
  24. ↑ James Brightman: EA 'Would Absolutely Welcome' Other Publishers' Content on Origin ( English ) In: Industrygamers . July 6, 2011. Archived from the original on July 11, 2011. Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Retrieved July 17, 2011. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.industrygamers.com
  25. ↑ Max Falkenstern: Electronic Arts via Origin and Steam: "No either-or decision" . In: PC Games . Computec Media Group . June 6, 2011. Retrieved July 17, 2011.
  26. ↑ Electronic Arts: Origin Expands to Offer Games from Major Publishers - Warner Bros., THQ and Capcom Bringing Top Titles to EA's Direct Download Platform . October 27, 2011. Retrieved November 21, 2011.
  27. ↑ Christian Klaß: German game industry with new representation of interests . In: Golem.de . Computec Media Group . April 7, 2005. Retrieved October 4, 2011.
  28. ↑ Board of Directors . game - Association of the German Games Industry. Retrieved on March 25, 2019.
  29. ↑ Stephen Totilo: SimCity Purists Are Understandably Upset About The Newest SimCity. In: Kotaku. December 26, 2014, accessed November 5, 2018 .
  30. ↑ Matt Liebl: SimCity BuildIt Review. In: Gamezone. December 22, 2014, accessed November 5, 2018 .
  31. ↑ Maximilian Eichgrün: FIFA18: Zoff about the payment system. In: sport1. sport1, November 13, 2017, accessed November 5, 2018 .
  32. ↑ Brian Bell: Every Hero is Now Unlocked in Star Wars Battlefront II. In: Paste Magazine. March 21, 2018, accessed November 5, 2018 .
  33. ↑ Electronic Arts Inc. Q4 FY 2017 Results. In: Shareholder. Electronic Arts, May 9, 2017, accessed November 5, 2018 .
  34. ^ Carlos Bergfeld: EA Acquires BioWare, Pandemic for $ 860M. In: shacknews. October 11, 2007.
  35. ^ Devin Coldewey: Not Playing Around. EA Buys Playfish For $ 300 Million, Plus a $ 100 Million Earnout. ( English ) In: TechCrunch . November 9, 2009. Retrieved July 17, 2011.
  36. ↑ Electronic Arts buys online providers. In: welt.de . July 14, 2011, accessed January 8, 2017 .
  37. ↑ EA sells its shares in Ubisoft. July 16, 2010, accessed August 5, 2016 .
  38. ↑ EA closes the Harry Potter developers' studio
  39. ↑ Electronic Arts publishes new title by the Resistance Makers. In: EA. May 26, 2010, accessed May 27, 2010 .
  40. ↑ EA and Nintendo create leeway ( Memento of the original from November 12, 2012 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.  @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.kino.de
  41. ↑ Danny Kringiel: Games in School: Teachers teach students to play. In: Spiegel Online . May 4, 2008, accessed January 8, 2017 .
  42. ↑ scope
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  54. ↑ The Voters Have Spoken: EA Is Your Worst Company In America For 2012! , consumerist.com, April 4, 2012
  55. ^ EA Makes Worst Company In America History, Wins Title For Second Year In A Row! , consumerist.com, April 9, 2013  ( page no longer available , search in web archives )  Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.@1@ 2Template: Dead Link / consumerist.com  
  56. ^ EA scores top marks for LGBT equality in the workplace