Dallol Maouri

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Dallol Maouri
Dallol Maori, Dallol Mauri, Dallol Mawri
Data
location NigerNiger Niger
River system Niger
Drain over Dallol Foga  → Niger  → Gulf of Guinea
origin In Soucoucoutane as underflow of the Tadiss
14 ° 36 '8 "  N , 4 ° 7' 25"  O
muzzle In Bana in the Dallol Foga coordinates: 12 ° 5 '0 "  N , 3 ° 31' 20"  O 12 ° 5 '0 "  N , 3 ° 31' 20"  O

length approx. 250 km
Left tributaries Zourourou
Medium-sized cities Dogondoutchi

The Dallol Maouri (also: Dallol Maori , Dallol Mauri , Dallol Mawri ) is a dry valley in western Niger .

Surname

Dallol is a word from the Fulfulde language and means "valley". The Maouri ethnic group , whose members speak either Hausa or Zarma , were the state people of Aréoua , through which the Dallol Maouri runs.

geography

Along with the Dallol Bosso and the Dallol Foga, the Dallol Maouri is one of the large dry valleys in the Ullemmeden basin , which were once great tributaries of the Niger River . It runs over a length of about 250 kilometers through the Dosso region . Its upper course is the Tadiss dry valley , which comes from the Tahoua region . The geology of the Dallol Maouri is characterized by more or less coarse, sometimes clayey alluvial sands. At least parts of the dry valley carry water in the rainy season, of which individual ponds, called mares , remain in the dry season . The unpredictability of the water flow in the many small side valleys (koris) is a major cause of flooding.

Street scene in the town of Dogondoutchi on Dallol Maouri

The Dallol Maouri runs roughly from north to south. Its upper section in the Aréoua landscape is climatically at the transition from the Sahel zone in the north to the Sudan zone in the south. The mean annual amount of precipitation here is 650 millimeters. After the village of Soucoucoutane , the dry valley Zourourou , which comes from the Ader Doutchi plateau and is often referred to as the valley of Keita , flows into the Dallol Maouri. It is followed by the village of Matankari and the city of Dogondoutchi . Larger villages in the further course are Kiéché , Tibiri , Fadama , Guéchémé and Dioundiou .

The lower section of the dry valley in the Dendi landscape is climatically part of the Sudan zone. Here the mean annual precipitation amounts to 850 millimeters. The rainy season falls from May to September. A larger settlement on the lower Dallol Maouri is the village of Yélou . Shortly before the village of Bana , the Dallol Maouri flows into the dry valley Dallol Foga, which runs further south to the Niger River. Conversely, in some publications the Dallol Foga is referred to as the feeder of the Dallol Maouri.

environment

Ethiopian palmyra palms , Arabian gum acacias , Bauhinia and figs as well as dog-tooth grass grow in the valley floor and on its rarely flooded hills . Karité trees , Diospyros mespiliformis and Crateva religiosa also thrive on the sandy hills and small dunes, whose wet soil is less deep .

The bird life in the Dallol Maouri includes the following species:

Various types of fish can be found in the ponds in the valley: Oreochromis niloticus , Zille's cichlid , the five-spotted cichlid , the African predatory catfish , Schilbe mystus , Marcusenius senegalensis and the dark-bellied snakehead fish .

The Dallol Maouri wetland has been under protection since April 26, 2004 as one of the Ramsar areas of Niger . The 317,520 hectare protected area covers the entire department of Dioundiou and the east of the department of Gaya .

economy

The Dallol Maouri is densely populated by Nigerien standards and is used for agriculture. After the rainy season and before the hot months of April and May there are good conditions for irrigation farming . Salt was already being extracted at the lower Dallol Maouri in the 19th century.

literature

  • Arjika Barké: Diagnostic du système de production de la pomme de terre dans le dallol Maouri (département de Dogondoutchi) . Faculté d'Agronomie, Université Abdou Moumouni de Niamey, Niamey 2007.
  • Gao Achirou Daddy, Alain Dassargues: Recherche de l'autosuffisance alimentaire au Sahel. Exploitation de la nappe alluviale du dallol Maouri pour des cultures irriguées au Niger . In: Sécheresse . Vol. 3, No. 6 , September 1995, ISSN  1777-5930 , pp. 257-263 ( orbi.uliege.be [PDF]).
  • Ali Kairou: Analysis of système communautaire local de régénération du rônier dans les rôneraies du dallols Maori et de la vallée du fleuve . Faculté d'Agronomie, Université Abdou Moumouni de Niamey, Niamey 1999.
  • Hamidou Mahamane Lawali: Contribution à l'élaboration d'un plan de régénération de la rôneraie du Dallol Maouri (Gaya) . Faculté d'Agronomie, Université Abdou Moumouni, Niamey 1998.
  • Souleymane Mallam Bako: Etat des ressources pastorales de la rôneraie du Dallol Maouri . Faculté d'Agronomie, Université Abdou Moumouni, Niamey 1998.
  • Issa Samna Maïnassara: Situation de la production, la transformation et la commercialization du manioc dans la zone du Dallol Maouri . Faculté d'Agronomie, Université Abdou Moumouni de Niamey, Niamey 2015.

Web links

  • Dallol Maouri. In: Ramsar Sites Information Service. April 13, 2018(English).;

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ a b c d Gao Achirou Daddy, Alain Dassargues: Recherche de l'autosuffisance alimentaire au Sahel. Exploitation de la nappe alluviale du dallol Maouri pour des cultures irriguées au Niger . In: Sécheresse . Vol. 3, No. 6 , September 1995, ISSN  1777-5930 , pp. 258–259 ( orbi.uliege.be [PDF; accessed July 3, 2019]).
  2. ↑ Abdourahmane Idrissa, Samuel Decalo: Historical Dictionary of Niger . 4th edition. Scarecrow, Plymouth 2012, ISBN 978-0-8108-6094-0 , pp. 66 and 159 .
  3. ↑ a b c Ali Laouel Abagana, Issa Mariama Ali Omar: Dallol Maouri. Fiche descriptive Ramsar (FDR). In: Ramsar Sites Information Service. April 26, 2004, pp. 2 and 5 , accessed on July 3, 2019 (French).
  4. ↑ Rapport d'évaluation des capacités nationales pour la réduction des risques de catastrophes au Niger. (PDF) Capacity for Disaster Reduction Initiative (CADRI), September 2014, p. 13 , accessed on July 3, 2019 (French).
  5. ↑ a b Ali Laouel Abagana, Issa Mariama Ali Omar: Dallol Maouri. Fiche descriptive Ramsar (FDR). In: Ramsar Sites Information Service. April 26, 2004, p. 10 , accessed on July 3, 2019 (French).
  6. ^ A b c Moussa Ali, Maurizio Bacci, Sarah Braccio, Hassimou Issa, Amadou Zaqueye Oumarou, Maurizio Tiepolo: Analyze du risque d'inondation à l'échelle communale dans la Région de Dosso, Niger 1998–2016. Projet ANADIA 2.0, report n.5. Agence Italienne pour la Coopération au Développement, April 11, 2018, pp. 10 and 17 , accessed on July 3, 2019 (French).
  7. ^ P. Chaperon: Projet de mise en valeur du Dallol Maouri. Etude hydrologique. 1969 campaign. Final report . ORSTOM, May 1970, p. 3 ( horizon.documentation.ird.fr [PDF; accessed July 3, 2019]).
  8. ↑ Dallol Maouri. In: Ramsar Sites Information Service. April 13, 2018, accessed July 3, 2019 .
  9. ^ Paul E. Lovejoy: Salt of the Desert Sun. A History of Salt Production and Trade in the Central Sudan . Cambridge University Press, Cambridge 1986, ISBN 0-521-30182-3 , pp. 129 .