Diedersdorf (Großbeeren)
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Diedersdorf
Großbeeren municipality
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| Height : | 41 m |
| Residents : | 789 (Dec. 31, 2000) |
| Incorporation : | December 31, 2001 |
| Postal code : | 14979 |
| Area code : | 03379 |
Diedersdorf is a district of Großbeeren in the Teltow-Fläming district in Brandenburg .
History and etymology
14th century to 17th century
Diedersdorf was first mentioned in 1375 as Dyderickstorp in Charles IV's land register . Other spellings were Diderikstorf , Ditterichstorff and Dytterichstorff . The Rundling at that time was already a knight seat with a size of 53 hooves recorded, of which the priest held three hooves. 19 kötter lived in the village ; there was a jug and a mill. The origin of the name is not yet known, but it is likely that the place was created in the course of the German East Settlement . Archbishop Dietrich von der Schulenburg enfeoffed the gift of Sydow with the place in the deed , which it lent to a Peter von Seden with eight hooves. In the course of the Council of Constance in 1415 , Friedrich I received the dignity of Margrave and Elector of Brandenburg. The new balance of power also had an impact on Diedersdorf: The place remained as a margravial fiefdom with the von Landsberg taverns , which Diderichstorff in turn passed on to the von Bettin (Boytin) family before 1450. At that time the place was 52 hooves and three parish hooves. There were 18 occupied hooves, while "the others drive masters and are desolate ". In addition to the jug and the mill, there were still nine kotters. From the Boytin family, Balthasar Boytin, in particular , stood by the elector's side in the wake of Berlin's displeasure . Hiltrud and Carsten Preuß suspect in their work "The manors and manors in the Teltow-Fläming district" that the family was therefore elevated to the nobility: They appeared around 1600 in the registry of the knighthood. In 1608 the knight's seat was 14 hooves. In 1624 there were nine farriers , together with the miller eleven kötter, a tenant shepherd, a shepherd, a blacksmith, one and a half pairs of householders and the shepherds. Of the 40 farmed hooves, four were lost and released by C (K) aspar von Bettin, ie they were exempt from all taxes. In the Thirty Years War those of Bettin died out and the village was badly devastated. In 1652 only a Schulze with a farmhand, a farmer and 13 Kötter lived in the village. From 1645 to 1669 ownership changed to the von Thümen family , who passed it on to the von der Goltz family until 1691 . From there it came to the von der Marwitz family in 1692 . At that time, the documents record a knight's seat with a residential house and other buildings. There were gardens, a shepherd's house and a master house, a Meierhaus, a miller's house and a windmill. In addition, viticulture was cultivated on two elevations. The manor was 14 hooves with four freely approved hooves. The Schulze had three hooves; there were eight four-hoofed horses (six of which were desolate). Another ruined farm was used as a sheep farm. In addition, ten kötter and a blacksmith lived in Diedersdorf. One of the five monkeys that have fallen desolately has moved into an outbuilding.
18th century
Under the church patronage of Johann Sigismud von der Marwitz, the village church of Diedersdorf was expanded to include a church tower and a patronage box between 1710 and 1712 . A weather vane with the year 1711 and the first letters of the patron reminds of this extension. At that time there were four hoofers, eleven kötter, a miller, a shepherd, a blacksmith, a shepherd and a large and small farmhand living in the village. They had to pay eight groschen levies to von der Marwitz for each of the 36 hooves they cultivated. Four farmers, eleven kötter, a jug and a windmill have survived from 1745. Christian von der Marwitz died in 1754, whereupon his heirs sold the estate to Ernst Bogislav von Bandemer in 1774 . Shortly before, in 1771, 15 gables (= residential houses), a miller, a blacksmith, a shepherd, two pairs of householders, the shepherd and again a large and a small servant appeared in a document. His son, Ernst Friedrich Wilhelm von Bandemer , took over the estate in 1793 after his father died in 1790. From 1798 to 1800, a new manor house in Diedersdorf was built on the foundation of a previous building .
19th century
Ernst Friedrich's commitment did not last long, however, because he sold the estate to Colonel von Meyerinck as early as 1803. Apparently he had no skill, as he had to file for bankruptcy after three years; Diedersdorf was foreclosed and returned to Ernst Friedrich Wilhelm von Bandemer, who then embarked on a political career and from 1819 to 1822 was district administrator of the Teltow district . After his death, his daughter, Marie Friederike Caroline Henriette, took over the estate in 1848. At that time in 1840 it had a total of 31 residential buildings in the village and manor. When Marie died unmarried in 1854, the village and estate were transferred to a foundation according to her last will. Its aim was to support unmarried officer's daughters over 40 years of age. In 1860 there were two public as well as 16 residential and 46 farm buildings, including a flour mill. There were 19 residential and 14 farm buildings in the manor. A total of 2015 acres were cultivated in the village. They accounted for 1,362 acres of arable land, 533 acres of meadow, 100 acres of garden land and 20 acres of homesteads. 3647 acres were cultivated in the manor: 1440 acres of forest, 1992 acres of arable land, 200 acres of meadow, 5 acres of garden land and 10 acres for the farms. The foundation's shareholder, Bertha Schweitzer, acted as the previous heir. She died in 1893 and the "Friedericke Amalie von Bandemersche Officers' Stitch Foundation" began its work.
20th and 21st centuries
In 1900 there were 47 houses in the village and 15 in the manor. The city of Berlin bought the manor in 1901, including the former manor house from the 18th century. It was thus able to connect the Berlin sewage fields with the areas from neighboring Osdorf and also use them to irrigate sewage. The director of the Berlin city estates, Heinrich Ruths, lived in the manor house from 1919 to 1933; then it was leased to Gisela Gueiter. In 1939 there were nine agricultural and forestry holdings with a size of 20 to 100 hectares . In addition, there were eleven other farms with an area of 10 to 20 hectares, five farms with an area of 5 to 10 hectares and 14 farms that only managed 0.5 to 5 hectares.
The manor house was not damaged in the Second World War . However, 24 hectares of land were expropriated and 22 hectares of this were distributed among 21 new farmers. Around 1950 eight farm workers' families were housed in the building; the equipment in the manor house was lost. The farmers founded a LPG type I in 1953 , which grew to 17 members by 1961, who in turn managed a total of 109 hectares of agricultural land. In 1966 the merger with LPG Type III in Blankenfelde took place. In 1973 a VEB Backwaren was founded; the Großbeeren teaching and experimental farm was created with its operating part in Diedersdorf. In the basement of the manor there was a restaurant for a while. The rooms above were used by a state-owned estate and partially rebuilt. In 1982 the manor was placed under monument protection; However, the financial means were lacking for a necessary renovation.
After the fall of the Wall , a private investor took over the manor house in 1990. After extensive renovation work, the manor house and its outbuildings will be used as a hotel and restaurant in the 21st century. The municipality of Diedersdorf lost its political independence on December 31, 2001 when it was incorporated into the municipality of Großbeeren .
coat of arms
Blazon : “oblique left divided by blue and gold; occupied above by a silver crescent turned to the left, pierced by an oblique left silver arrow, below by an obliquely left green ear. "
The Diedersdorf coat of arms was approved on December 27, 2001, just a few days before Diedersdorf was incorporated into Großbeeren on December 31, 2001.
Population development
| Population development in Diedersdorf from 1734 to 1971 | ||||||||||||||||||
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| year | 1734 | 1771 | 1800 | 1817 | 1840 | 1858 | 1895 | 1925 | 1939 | 1946 | 1964 | 1971 | ||||||
| Residents | 193 | 194 | 211 | 196 | 225 | Village: 132, Good: 98 | 544 | 560 | 575 | 618 | 475 | 451 | ||||||
The upper blue field with the crescent moon pierced by the arrow shows the coat of arms of the noble von Bettin family, who owned the village and manor from 1450 to 1644, while the lower field symbolizes agriculture as the most important branch of business.
With this own Diedersdorf coat of arms, which was approved shortly before the municipal merger of Diedersdorf and Großbeeren, there are now two coats of arms within the municipality of Großbeeren. One is the mentioned coat of arms of the district of Diedersdorf. The second coat of arms is that of Großbeeren (approved at the end of 1999, arms and flag consecration on December 31, 1999), which also applies to the entire municipality of Großbeeren.
The districts of Kleinbeeren and Heinersdorf do not have their own coats of arms. This would only have been possible before the merger with Großbeeren (Kleinbeeren 1950 and Heinersdorf 1999).
Attractions
- The village church of Diedersdorf was probably built from field stones in the first half of the 14th century. These were plastered at a later date. In the years 1710 and 1712 the parish built the roof tower made of timber framing and enlarged the southern box extension. Inside there is a pulpit and a fifth from the end of the 19th century.
- The manor house Diedersdorf (also known colloquially as the "castle") is known nationwide. It belonged to the von Bandemer family and is used as a hotel and restaurant in the 21st century. For several years the manor was the venue for the TV show Musikantenscheune . The Heimatstube Diedersdorf has a museum about earlier rural life in the region.
- The homestead at Dorfstrasse 23 is a listed building.
- Parts of the landscape protection area Diedersdorfer Heide and Großbeerener Graben belong to the district.
traffic
Diedersdorf is on the outer ring of Berlin . The Diedersdorf train station is only a depot ; the trains pass the station without stopping. Diedersdorf is on the L40, which connects Diedersdorf with Großbeeren and Blankenfelde . Diedersdorf is also served on weekdays by bus routes 704 and 720 operated by the Teltow-Fläming transport company. These run between 5 a.m. and 6 p.m. to Teltow , Großbeeren, Ludwigsfelde and Blankenfelde, among others .
literature
- Ernst Fidicin, The Territories of the Mark Brandenburg , Volume 1, S.79 Diedersdorf
- Hiltrud and Carsten Preuß: The manor houses and manors in the Teltow-Fläming district , Lukas Verlag für Kunst- und Geistesgeschichte, 1st edition, November 29, 2011, ISBN 978-3-86732-100-6 , p. 244
- Lieselott Enders , Margot Beck: Historical local dictionary for Brandenburg, part IV: Teltow. Hermann Böhlaus successor, Weimar 1976.
See also
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ Großbeeren main statute, § 2, paragraph 1 ( page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF; 67 kB)
Diedersdorf | Heinersdorf with birch grove , Birkholz and Friederikenhof | Small berries