Evangelical Parish Church Walddorf (Walddorfhäslach)
The Evangelical Parish Church Walddorf is a church building in Walddorfhäslach in the Evangelical Church District Tübingen of the Evangelical Church in Württemberg . The Protestant parish church is in an elevated position on the eastern edge of the village, surrounded by the old trees of the churchyard. The church building has been modified several times, the substance of the nave is late Gothic (built around 1500, extension in 1700) with an older tower (12th / 13th century). The stone-faced tower with a half-timbered tower (around 1500) and a protruding eight-sided tent roof is mostly covered with green glazed roof tiles (18th century).
architecture
- Tower (structure): in the west massive tower with an almost square floor plan. Almost 2 meters thick masonry. On the ground floor there is a flat barrel vault , on the south wall inside a round arched Romanesque niche, probably a former tabernacle and another, somewhat later niche in the north wall. Off-center (due to the existing niches) small, deep and narrow Gothic slotted windows with an indistinct pointed arch on the north and south sides. On the west side there is a late Gothic pointed arch portal from 1500, which was moved here from the south side of the nave in 1700. On the first floor supports for a high barrel vault (was still there in 1867), but this was broken out (during the renovation in 1955?). On the north side of the old pointed arched entrance to the tower, which in the past could only be reached with a ladder, probably 13th century. The 12 cm thick, solid oak door (probably from the middle of the 17th century) still shows traces of ax blows from earlier sieges on the outside. On the second floor, an Alemannic half-timbered tower with leaves and a man figure from around 1500. The tower including the half-timbered tower was plastered by 1938.
- Tower roof : very high, eight-sided, towering tent roof with predominantly green glazed tiles. According to the memorabilia book, the tower roof is said to have been redesigned in 1732. During the renovation of the tower roof in 2003, when over 75% of the existing roof tiles were reused, tiles with the year 1743 and the initials H * C * Z * M could be secured. Dormers with clock faces are attached to two sides of the roof. In 1926 the two number plates were renewed. Instead of the number boards with Roman numerals that had existed until then , boards with Arabic numerals were purchased. It was not until the renovation in 1986 that the number plates of the Walddorf church have the original Roman numerals again.
- Tower cross : on New Year's Eve 1833/34, the iron tower cross including copper ball and gold-plated weathercock was torn from the roof by a storm. On July 15, 1834, the repaired cross was reattached to the tower roof. The document (author: Schultheiß Johann Georg Heim), which reports on the incident at that time, was found in the copper ball during the renovation work in 1986.
- Nave / nave : late Gothic hall church around 1500, demolition of the polygonal choir in 1700 and rectangular east extension of the nave to a transverse church . Plastered building with a tiled gable roof and sacristy extension (new construction in place of the existing sacristy 1955/56).
- Altar and pulpit : arrangement of the altar and pulpit since 1700 in the middle of the south wall of the nave.
- Galleries : Circumferential galleries on the east, north and east sides, two-story on the east side. The galleries can be reached via two internal and one external staircase. On the west side there was probably a gallery before the Reformation , to which a staircase led outside on the south side of the tower. From around 1685 the gallery on the west side had two floors (when the upper gallery was removed is unclear). The galleries on the north and east sides were probably built when the church was expanded in 1700. In 1753/54 additional galleries were built on the north and east sides above the existing galleries. The upper gallery on the north side was removed as part of the renovation in 1955.
Furnishing
Interior
Rectangular hall with a flat wooden barrel ceiling. Circular galleries on wooden pillars in the west, north and east , early 18th century. On the gallery parapets 27 panels with depictions of the history of salvation from the Old and New Testament, oil on wood, were created in 1707, the painter or painters are still unknown today. Carefully crafted and executed with a sense of painterly effect. The reference to engraving templates (Passion Harmony of the early Württemberg hymn books) is obvious, but some scenes have an unusual iconographic conception. The cycle of gallery paintings is one of the most interesting of its kind in the area. Restoration of the picture cycle 1955/56 and 1986/87 by Dr. Ingenhoff, Tuebingen . On the south wall a nearly life-size crucifix with tools of the Passion , on the cross dated 1771, the body, however, still dates from the second half of the 17th century. Simple pulpit , probably not until the 19th century, the stone pulpit base 17th century, the sound cover probably dates from the 18th century. The font was newly acquired by Heinrich Dolmetsch in 1900/01 during the repairs . The old, Romanesque baptismal font, which may still be a spoil from the hall church (around 1000), is kept in the garden of the rectory. The altar was recreated in the course of the renovation in 1955/56. In 1897 Eduard Paulus mentions a “beautifully carved prayer chair” from the Gothic period, the back of which was painted with a coat of arms in the Renaissance style, but which had been transferred to the “State Collection” in Stuttgart (today's Württemberg State Museum ) in 1894 . The plaque commemorating Johannes Armbruster from Walddorf, who died in the Franco-German War in 1870, on the inside of the south wall is no longer visible today. It is located roughly where the crucifix is today.
Exterior fittings
Rectangular hall church with three late Gothic tracery windows on the south facade and one early and one late Gothic tracery window each on the north facade of the nave. The east end is straight, with no indented choir . On the east facade three windows with straight lintels, but late Gothic profiles and central strut; two occuli in the gable. Unusually in the middle of the east facade is a pointed arch portal with a simple bar profile, created around 1500. This portal was moved from the north facade to the east side when the nave was rebuilt in 1700. Door with flat carvings (sculptor Carl Spindler, Stuttgart) from the renovation phase by building inspector Heinrich Dolmetsch, around 1900. Solid square tower in the west. Well-hewn cuboids at the bottom and at the corners, former humpback cubes hewn off according to local literature , otherwise quarry stone masonry . On the west facade, on the first floor of the tower, a beautiful, late Gothic pointed arch portal with framework and pear stick , closing at the top in the back of the donkey; Wuerttemberg's coat of arms in the apex - only deer horns and the barbel from Mömpelgard - above the former year 1500. Above the portal console with heavily weathered remains of a sculpture, a face with a banner. This portal was on the south facade until the nave was rebuilt in 1700.
On the southwest corner of the nave, a simple stone epitaph for pastor Michael Seeger, * February 7, 1616 in Tübingen, † February 19, 1670 in Walddorf (according to the entry of his son Vicar Gottlieb Theophil Seeger in the Walddorf death register, the discrepancy between the date of death on the Epitaph cannot be resolved), 1642–1652 deacon in Böblingen, 1652–1659 pastor in Derendingen (Tübingen) , 1 May 1659–1670 pastor in Walddorf. The inscription reads: “MEMORIA PL. REV. bNi. M. MICHAELIS SÆGERI. PASTORIS. IN WALDORF PER XII. ANNOS FIDELISSIMI BEATE DEMORTÜI. ANNO MDCLXX. THE XV. FEBR. "
- The Gothic tracery windows :
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organ
In 1693 the church convention decided to purchase an organ for the Walddorf parish church for the first time . A used instrument was purchased from the municipality of Laichingen for 80 guilders . The organ stood on the lower gallery on the east side around 1732. The first organ remained in use for around 60 years until another organ was purchased in 1753. The second organ was placed on the upper gallery on the east side and served for 109 years until it was replaced by a new instrument in 1862. The third organ from 1862 was an instrument with 15 registers from Orgelbau Friedrich Weigle in Echterdingen . This third organ was placed on the gallery on the west side. After woodworm infestation was found, the organ was treated with wood preservative in 1955. Only a few years later, however, the wooden pipes and mechanics were in a condition that made repairs unsuitable, so that in the course of an extensive church renovation in 1969, the Weigle organ was replaced by the currently existing one. This instrument is an organ with 23 registers, manufactured by the Stehle brothers in Bittelbronn . Around 70,000 DM had to be raised for the purchase of this organ. The organ consecration took place on March 2, 1969.
Bells
The current chime consists of four bells : A, B, C and D
- the smallest bell (D) was the only bell to survive the First and Second World War and was cast in 1902, it has a diameter of 66 cm and bears the inscription “A strong castle is our God”. The D-bell was manufactured by the company bell foundry and fire-fighting equipment factory Heinrich Kurtz in Stuttgart . It replaces a previous bell from 1778. The D-bell had to be delivered during the First World War, but could be brought back to Walddorf after the war, practically undamaged. During the Second World War, the D-bell remained as a bell in Walddorf.
- the other three bells were re-cast in 1950/51:
- the large A-bell is called the “God-Father-Bell”, has AΩ as the sign and bears the inscription “Holy, holy is the Lord of hosts”. The bell weighs 700 kg and was cast on February 7, 1951 by Heinrich Kurtz in Stuttgart. Transfer to Walddorf on February 24th, hanging in the bell cage on March 12th, 1951. The God-Father bell was consecrated on Palm Sunday , March 18th, 1951.
- the middle B bell is called the “Christ bell”, has the Christ monogram PX as a sign and bears the inscription “From its fullness we have all taken grace for grace”. It was cast on January 11, 1950 by Heinrich Kurtz in Stuttgart, transferred to Walddorf on January 28, 1950 and consecrated on February 5.
- the smaller C-bell is called the "Holy Spirit bell", has a dove as a sign and bears the inscription "Come, God Protector, Holy Spirit". It was cast on January 11, 1950 by Heinrich Kurtz in Stuttgart, transferred to Walddorf on January 28, 1950 and consecrated on February 5.
Lost bells:
In 1695 the large F-bell was cast by Johannes Rosier and members of the Arnolt family, traveling founders from Lorraine . It had a diameter of 1.10 m, weighed 845 kg and bore the three-row inscription: BEATI QUI AUDIUNT VERBUM DEI ET CUSTODIUNT • LUC 1 / XI • CONSILIARIO ASSESSORE SUPERIORIS TRIBUBALIS ET PRÆFECTO TUBINGENSI JOHANNE CHRISTOFORO PAPE. DANIELE EFFEREN ET PASTOR WALTORF MA. JOHANNE MAJERO ANNO SALUTIS CHRISTO: M.DC.XXXXV., Including Arabic 1695 (=> MDCXCV). On one side there was a crucifix, on three other sides there were oval stamps with the foundry names (5 cm high and decorated with angel heads) Nicolaus Arnolt / Johanne Rosier / Johann Arnolt and Stephano Arnolt. At the top and bottom of the bell was a ribbon with rich decorations. The forced delivery of the large F-bell for metal extraction during the First World War could only be averted through the energetic commitment of Pastor Heinrich Werner, as it was a legacy bell and an examination in 1917 certified it as an "art value". On February 25, 1942, during the Second World War, the F-Bell was picked up on behalf of the Reich Office for Metals, although it had been classified in Group B. After the Second World War, there was still the hope that this bell would not be melted down and that it could be found at the Lünen bell cemetery. The inquiries of the mayor and the bell expert of the Evangelical High Church Council (Church Council Schildge, Stuttgart) were unsuccessful. The bell has since been considered lost.
In 1745 the middle electric bell was cast by Gottlieb Jacob Rechlen in Stuttgart, it had a diameter of 88 cm and bore the inscription "I flowed out of the fire - I belong to Walddorf - Gottlieb Jacob Rechlen gos' me in Stuttgardt in 1745". At the top of the crown were the names of the community representatives: M. Georg Burkhardt Rümelin, Pastor, Joh. Christoph Eberhard Bichler, Vicar. Joh. Georg Wezel, Pret. (Schultheiß), Joh. Georg Gaiser, Paedag. (Schoolmaster), Johannes Bauer, curat. Pq. corp. (Church caretaker). The e-bell was lost during World War I and was replaced in 1925. The new e-bell from 1925, it had a diameter of 80 cm and weighed 405 kg, but was only granted for a few years, it had to be returned in the course of the Second World War.
In 1778 the bell was extended to include a third bell. This had to be replaced in 1902 by the D-bell, which is still available today.
Dr. Paul Keppler mentions in "Württemberg's ecclesiastical art antiquities" from 1888 a large bell from 1652, about which no other information is available (possibly the bell from 1695 was meant here).
The Oberamtsbeschreibung Tübingen from 1867 mentions, in addition to the bells from 1745 and 1778, a large, beautifully decorated bell from 1625 (most likely the bell from 1695 was also referred to here).
Parish
The parish of Walddorf is mentioned for the first time in 1275 and belonged to the rural chapter of Urach until the middle of the 14th century , then to the rural chapter of Reutlingen . The parish district comprised Gniebel (today part of the community of Pliezhausen ) and part (approx. 2/3) of Häslach until 1842 and, since 1499, based on an agreement between the abbot of Bebenhausen and the provost of Denkendorf , also Rübgarten (today part of the Pliezhausen community). After 1842 only Häslach remained as a branch. The patronage of the church was a feudal fief of the lords of Schlaitdorf from the Palatinate and was connected with the ownership of the later 'Widumhof'. After the donation of the court and its suitability to the Denkendorf monastery, the parish incorporated itself in 1311, which was endowed with 42 pounds hellers in 1275 and 140 gulden in 1530. In 1534 the parish was reformed under the pastor Peter Roth (until 1546) as one of the first of the rural chapter. In 1547 she came to the deanery of Tübingen .
history
During the renovation of the church in the spring of 1986, extensive knowledge about the structural development of the Walddorf parish church was gained. During the renovation and widening of an old heating duct (from 1955/56), broken walls and various older floors were recognizable in the excavation profile along the central axis of the nave. The oldest church building was a small hall building with an 8.4 m long interior, which obviously had no choir partition. The double-shelled foundations made of roughly hewn limestone quarry stones indicate that the church was a stone building. The foundation of the west wall was 1.1 m thicker than the east wall and the foundation of the north wall, which was found 3 m south of the current boundary of the church. There was no structural connection between the hall church (around 1000 ) and the tower. A functional relationship can also be ruled out due to the lack of symmetry axes. The Saalkirche was equipped with a floor made of rammed earth equipped, which had been applied to a Steinrollierung. As the oldest finding, this soil lay directly on the undisturbed humus clay. During the excavation, ceramic shards were recovered, all of which can be assigned to the older yellow-toned turntable goods. The type of product and the method of manufacture suggest that the reconstructed vessels can be dated to the 11th century. The trench profile revealed two other floors that lie above the rammed earth floor of the oldest construction phase. They were lime screed floors over a stone roll. These pull over the demolition crowns of the hall church walls and border on the tension foundation between the late Gothic nave and the polygonal choir from 1500 and are thus to be interpreted as part of the late Gothic church. The floors were not present within the exposed, elongated polygonal choir, the original late Gothic floor level in the choir was obviously higher, but had been completely removed by the demolition of the polygonal choir and the rectangular extension of the nave in 1700. The classification of the tower remains problematic. It is older than the late Gothic nave from 1500, because the walls were added to the tower . In the local literature this is referred to as the remnant of a manor house. Due to its construction, it can be assigned to the 13th century , but a higher age cannot be ruled out. The dating is based on stylistic features of the tower entrance at the level of the second floor. The ashlar of the reveal merge into a quarry stone wall, the structure of which makes it difficult to read any changes to the door arch. The use of humpback blocks could also indicate that the complex was built in the 12th century, but this question can no longer be checked after the thorough revision of the blocks. It remains to be noted that the hall church and the tower existed simultaneously for a longer period of time without there being a functional connection between the 5 m apart structures. Based on the diagnostic situation and taking into account the topographical location, the assumption that the tower is the remainder of a fortification becomes more likely.
Although the extension of the nave was apparently already approved in November 1697, M. Jacob Friedrich Andler, “Specialis des Tübinger Ampts”, reported on June 8th, 1700: “... the church building at Waltdorff has now been really attacked in God's name been ... "
This was preceded, among other things, by a report (January 21, 1700) by the Walddorf pastor Johann Majer to Duke Eberhard Ludwig von Württemberg, according to which “... over 40 and more people could not get into this narrow church to hear God's word and had to stay outside ... ".
On February 5, 1700, the spiritual master builder Johann Ulrich Haimb reported to the Duke of Württemberg that he had examined his designs for the expansion of the church at the request of the Walddorf pastor while traveling through (to Schlaitdorf). He recommends the expansion of the church in accordance with the first of the proposals, since "... called the church ... all too small, ... at the nave to down the walls ...".
In 1814, the cemetery wall, which was about 3.50 m (12 Württembergische Schuh) high and 1.25 m (6 Württembergische Schuh) deep and even had a roof, had to be demolished on official orders, although the population and the Local government strongly opposed. A keystone from the former Kichhofstor with the year 1607 and a stonemason's mark was still kept in the school garden in 1972, its whereabouts are unclear.
In 1866, when the road was lifted west of the church, three dead trees were uncovered but not examined. The find is apparently the remainder of an Alemannic row grave field.
In 1893 and 1986, when the floor was renewed in the nave, old graves were uncovered. It is assumed that the noble family of the Volen von Wildenau had their burial place in the Walddorf parish church. An entry from the Book of the Dead of 1620 reads: "Annus Domini MDCXX Riebgartten June 15th Anno priori would be Adamo von Wildenau called Voll, to Riebgartten et Cordula a half-year son, Georgius Ernest zu Waltdorff buried in the cure."
In the “Tübinger Chronik” of April 4, 1899, it says that the local clockmaker Gottlob Luick was commissioned to replace the old church clock with a new, solid movement.
Until 1900 the Walddorf church could not be heated. Two Wasseralfinger ovens were only installed as part of the renovation work by building officer Heinrich Dolmetsch . The cost of the ovens, including delivery, was 429 marks and 56 pfennigs.
It is reported from 1924 that the nave was re-covered.
In 1927 iron struts were drawn in between the longitudinal walls of the nave to prevent the north and south walls from drifting apart. In 1955, additional struts were installed in the roof structure of the nave for the same reason.
Church saints
The church was consecrated in 1497 to Saints Aegidius and Verena ; 1696 and later, however, the saints Ottilie and Veronika are named. In the "Tübinger Chronik" of February 17, 1934 this is explained as follows: On March 6, 1497 the parish of Walddorf committed itself to take on the secular burdens on the new Marienpfründe of the place against allocation of a certain validity. This obligation was taken over by the parish caretakers on behalf of the parish and they are called the caretakers of St. Gilgen and St. Vrenen. These two names of saints were then interpreted as those of St. Odilgen (Swabian for St. Odilia) and St. Veronica in the post-Reformation period. The author goes on to explain that actually the two farmer saints St. Giles, French St. Gilles and Swabian St. Gilg and St. Verena, Swabian St. Vrenen were the original church saints of the Walddorf parish church.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ "Self-mixed mortar according to the old recipe" . In: Reutlinger General-Anzeiger . Reutlingen September 29, 2003.
- ^ Church renovation Walddorf . In: Municipality of Walddorfhäslach (ed.): Official journal of the municipality of Walddorfhäslach . Albrecht Fink, Pfullingen November 6, 1986, p. Front page .
- ↑ Dr. Martin Eberle, pastor (†): The message of the Walddorf church images . Ed .: Evangelical Church Community Walddorf. Walddorfhäslach 1987, p. 1-63 .
- ↑ Ellen Pietrus: Heinrich Dolmetsch. The church restorations by the Württemberg builder ; Stuttgart 2008, page 395
- ↑ Dr. Eduard Paulus: Walddorf . In: Royal Ministry of Churches and Schools (Hrsg.): The art and ancient monuments in the Kingdom of Württemberg - Black Forest district . Paul Neff Verlag, Stuttgart 1897, p. 429 .
- ↑ "A new organ as the crowning achievement" . In: Reutlinger General-Anzeiger . Reutlingen March 3, 1969.
- ↑ Dr. Paul Keppler: Walddorf ev. Church . In: Württemberg's ecclesiastical art antiquities . W. Bader, Rottenburg am Neckar 1888, p. 350 .
- ^ Erhard Schmidt: Findings in the Protestant church in Walddorf, community Walddorfhäslach, district Reutlingen . In: Landesdenkmalamt Baden-Württemberg (ed.): Archaeological excavations in Baden-Württemberg 1986 . Konrad Theiss Verlag GmbH, Stuttgart 1987, ISBN 3-8062-0500-0 , p. 228-231 .
- ^ The two church saints of Walddorf . In: Tübinger Chronik - Neues Tübinger Tagblatt . No. 40 . Tübingen February 17, 1934, p. 11 .
Coordinates: 48 ° 35 ′ 14.6 ″ N , 9 ° 11 ′ 3.2 ″ E