Five churches (noble family)

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Family coat of arms of those of Fünfkirchen

Fünfkirchen is the name of an old Lower Austrian noble family that became extinct in 1970 in the male line.

Family history

Origin of the family

The family can be traced back to the 13th century; its ancestors fled to Vienna from Fünfkirchen / Pécs in 1241 before the Mongol invasion . In 1275 a Leopold Fünfkircher appears as a civil mint master and judge in Vienna, in 1310 there is an Udalricum Fünfkirchen in Falkenstein .

The family appeared for the first time in a document on May 12, 1364 with Bernhard and his son Erasmus (1334–1400) from Fünfkirchen, fiefdoms of Mistelbach and Steinabrunn , with whom the reliable family line began . Philipp (1355–1432) expanded the property and rose to the knighthood , his descendants expanded the property further. From 1419 at the latest, they will own the Steinebrunn Castle, which was destroyed in 1458.

Around 1500 the five churches are among the most powerful landlords in the Weinviertel . In addition to the Steinebrunn headquarters , the family owns goods in Neuruppersdorf , Ottenthal , Stützenhofen , Fallbach and Poysbrunn . Emperor Friedrich III. enfeoffs her with castle and mill Laa an der Thaya and employs her as the caretaker of the princely castle Falkenstein .

The five churches and the Reformation

Fünfkirchen Castle in Steinebrunn (17th century), by Georg Matthäus Vischer

The five churches converted to Protestantism early. Hans III. von Fünfkirchen supported the Anabaptists . With the beginning of the Counter Reformation, he came into opposition to the sovereign. After the death of Hans III. In 1571 the Fünfkirchen lost the custody of Falkenstein Castle and the administrative center of the region fell to the Trautson .

Johann Bernhard von Fünfkirchen fought alongside Rudolf II in the Turkish War , and the Emperor gave him the title of baron for his services . From 1602, Johann Bernhard began building the new Fünfkirchen Palace in Steinebrunn . Johann Bernhard is an ardent Protestant and in 1618 supported the uprising of the Bohemian estates against the Catholic Habsburgs. According to tradition, he took part in the Prague lintel with his own hands . After the Battle of White Mountain in 1620, his property was confiscated and he was sentenced to life imprisonment.

Through the mediation of their uncle Rudolf von Tiefenbach (or Teuffenbach), Johann Bernhard's sons, who have since converted back to Catholicism, receive some family property and the ancestral castle of Fünfkirchen in Steinebrunn back.

The Counts of Fünfkirchen

After 1650, the people of Fünfkirchen established themselves at the imperial court in Vienna. In 1698 Emperor Leopold I elevates Johann Bernhard II of Fünfkirchen to the hereditary count . Count Johann Adam had the Fünfkirchen Palace redesigned in baroque style in the first quarter of the 18th century. In 1805 Napoleon stayed in the castle. Until the end of the monarchy, the Counts of Fünfkirchen served the Habsburgs as higher officials. As one of 64 counts, it had a seat in the manor house , the upper house of the Austrian Imperial Council .

The male line of the Fünfkirchener died out with Hans Graf von Fünfkirchen (1889–1970). His sister Caroline von Fünfkirchen (1890–1980), the last regent of the Savoy women's monastery in Johannesgasse in Vienna, passed the name on to Count Michael Piatti- Fünfkirchen (* 1955), who manages the forest property from the Stutenhof in Pottenhofen , now as a cross-border organic agriculture between Austria and the Czech Republic. The Fünfkirchen Castle was sold in 1970,

Tribe list

  1. Wernhard (Bernhard) Fünfkirchen († 1364)
    1. Erasmus Fünfkirchen (* 1334, † 1400) ∞ Katharina Truchsess von Utzendorf
      1. Philipp von Fünfkirchen (* 1355, † 1433) ∞ Ursula Hartinger von Hardtingsmaur
        1. Martin of Fünfkirchen (* 1402, † 1458)

Knight and Baron of Fünfkirchen

  1. Martin von Fünfkirchen (* 1402, † 1458), expanded the property in Steinebrunn to include the forts in Stützenhofen and Neuruppersdorf. His epitaph has been preserved to this day in the parish church of Stützenhofen.
    1. Hans von Fünfkirchen (* 1455, † 1479)
    2. Veit von Fünfkirchen († 1513), son of Martin, was enfeoffed with Laa Castle in 1480 and Falkenstein Castle in 1507 .
      1. Hans III von Fünfkirchen (* 1502; † 1571), son of Veit, married to Countess Borbála von Thurzo von Bethlenfalva (* Augsburg 1534; † 1597), daughter of Bernhard I. Thurzo from the rich Thurzo family and relatives of Ulrich Fugger . Hans III. Fünfkirchen was a keen supporter of the Reformation and favored the Anabaptist movement . In 1539 the Brüderhof in Steinebrunn, which was under his rule, was attacked by the troops of King Ferdinand I. In 1542 he took part in the siege of Pest under the orders of Elector Joachim II of Brandenburg . Like his father, Hans is enfeoffed with Falkenstein and lives mainly at Falkenstein Castle and in neighboring Poysbrunn. He is buried in the parish church of Poysbrunn .
        1. Johann Bernhard von Fünfkirchen (* Vienna 1560; † Zbirof 1626/35), son of Hans, married to Barbara von Teuffenbach-Maierhofen. In 1601 he was appointed steward in the campaign against the Turks , in gratitude for this by Emperor Rudolf II in 1602. raised to the baron status. In a fratricidal dispute , he takes the side of Rudolf II and, after his defeat, retreats to Bohemia. He takes an active part in the Prague Defenestration . After the Battle of White Mountain , he is sentenced to death and his property is confiscated. Later pardoned for imprisonment in a fortress, he died in 1626 at Zbirof Castle .
          1. Johann Christoph (* 1600; † 1629) converted to Catholicism and fought in the Friedland regiment under Wallenstein. In 1620, while his father was still alive, he submitted a petition to Emperor Ferdinand II to return the confiscated goods, which was rejected. He died unmarried and was buried in the Minorite Church in Vienna.
          2. Johann Sigismund (* 1605; † April 21, 1650), son of Johann Bernhard, married to Anna Polyxena Elisabeth Freiin von Schäffenberg (* Vienna August 31, 1617; † Vienna February 15, 1658). From 1627 to 1629 he served in the life guard of Prince Friedrich Heinrich of Orange . In 1629 he acquired the Matzen rule . Johann Sigismund converted to Catholicism and, with the support of his uncle Rudolf von Teuffenbach, was able to get back the majority of the family estates confiscated in 1620 in 1647 and turned them into a majorate .
            1. Count Johann Bernhard II of Fünfkirchen (* 1644; † Vienna March 12, 1700), son of Johann Sigismund, was raised to hereditary count in 1698 by Emperor Leopold I. His daughter Maria Theresia († 1729), married to Franz Ferdinand Kinsky, inherits the Matzen rule, which falls to their common descendants. Count title and majorate go to his nephew Johann Leopold von Fünfkirchen.
            2. Johann Ernst (* 1634 - † 1694), son of Johann Sigismund, married to Countess Maria Theresia Slavata (* 1656 † April 28, 1699) - the grandson of a participant in the Prague lintel was with the daughter of Count Wilhelm, who was then thrown out of the window Slavata married. His wife brings the Chlumetz rule into the marriage.
              1. Count Johann Leopold Ernst von Fünfkirchen (* 1665; † 1730)

The Counts of Fünfkirchen

  1. Count Johann Leopold Ernst von Fünfkirchen (* 1665; † 1730), son of Johann Ernst ∞ Countess Maria Esther Anna Paar (* 1668; † June 29, 1725). He inherited his uncle Johann Bernhard, who had been raised to the rank of count, and rule and Schloss Steinebrunn , from his mother Maria Theresia Slavata he received the rule of Chlumetz .
    1. Count Johann Adam (* 1696; † 1748), Majorate Lord, from 1738 Chief Commissioner of the district under the Manhartsberg .
    2. Count Johann Franz (* August 17, 1709; † August 7, 1782) ∞ Countess Katharina Antonie Desfours (* Prague April 30, 1710; † Vienna February 25, 1751). Johann Franz employed the composer Adalbert Gyrowetz at his court.
      1. Count Johann Ferdinand (* June 28, 1741; † Brno February 7, 1789) ∞ Countess Genoveva della Rovere de Monte l'Abbate (* August 28, 1741 † Vienna December 9, 1810)
        1. Amalia (born March 12, 1776) ∞ Alexander Freiherr von Loudon
        2. Count Johann Franz de Paula (born May 26, 1777 - May 31, 1815), son of Johann Ferdinand, married to Freiin Sophie op dem Hamme called Schoeppingk (* Mitau August 4, 1780 † Vienna August 15, 1844) from a Kurland region The noble family , the composers Ignaz von Seyfried and Johann Peter Pixis from Ludwig van Beethoven's circle, dedicated pieces of music to her. In 1809 he accommodated Napoleon in his ancestral palace in Steinebrunn .
          1. Otto Franz, Count von und zu Fünfkirchen (* Steinebrunn March 19, 1800; † Vienna April 6, 1872) ∞ Aloysia von Wurmbrand-Stuppach (* Vienna January 18, 1802; † Vienna April 5, 1870), President of Salzburg.
            1. Count Franz Klemens (* Brno May 26, 1827; † Graz May 17, 1902) ∞ Countess Ferdinande Joseph Brigido (* Vienna April 12, 1840; † Vienna May 27, 1886), member of the manor house.
              1. Count Otto Dionysius (* Sopron September 5, 1859; † Vienna October 30, 1946) ∞ Paula von Rechberg and Rothenlöwen (* Althart December 13, 1865; † Steinebrunn May 15, 1942)
                1. Dr. Hans Bernhard Fünfkirchen (* Linz May 18, 1889; † Steinebrunn December 24, 1970) ∞ Elisabeth Weiner (* 1890)
                2. Karolina Fünfkirchen (Vienna, * April 28, 1891; † Vienna July 8, 1980). Karoline Fünfkirchen was the last regent of the Savoy women's monastery in Vienna. She adopted Michael Graf Piatti- Fünfkirchen (* 1955) to get the family name.
                3. Franz de Paula Fünfkirchen (* Linz August 10, 1892 † Steinebrunn, February 16, 1965), 1.∞ Countess Erika Sofie von Henckel-Donnersmarck (* March 15, 1900; † Parsch near Salzburg March 9, 1974), 2.∞ Elisabeth Robinson (* 1903 † 1965)
                  1. Eleonore Fünfkirchen (* Pardubice, February 15, 1922; † Vienna May 17, 1982), her children Wolfgang (* 1967) and Sonja Andrea (* 1965) Fünfkirchen come from a connection
            2. Count Heinrich von Fünfkirchen (* January 25, 1830 - January 2, 1885), son of Otto Franz, married to Aloysia von und zu Liechtenstein (* August 13, 1838 - April 17, 1920)
          2. Franziska Countess Fünfkirchen (1801–1870) ∞ Count Georg von Stockau (1806–1865)
            1. Friedrich Graf Stockau (1832–1884) ∞ Mathilde Countess Chorinsky
              1. Marie Therese Countess Stockau (1859–1949) ∞ Aristide Baltazzi (1853–1914)
            2. Georg Graf Stockau (1837–1922) ∞ Evelyne Baltazzi (1854–1901). Together with his brother-in-law Alexander Baltazzi , he picked up the body of his niece Mary Vetsera from Mayerling .
      2. Johann Franz de Paula von Fünfkirchen zu Chlumetz (born November 16, 1745; † May 26, 1807) inherits the Chlumetz rule from his father, Count Johann Franz, and establishes the Chlumetz line
        1. Friedrich Dominik von Fünfkirchen zu Chlumetz (* May 29, 1805; † Friedstein August 13, 1867), sells the Moravian goods and acquires the rule and castle Friedstein in Stainach .
          1. Ernst von Fünfkirchen zu Chlumetz (* Friedstein September 10, 1837; † Baden May 26, 1872) fights with Emperor Maximilian in Mexico.

Possessions

  • From 1507 to 1571 the peoples' churches were in charge of Falkenstein Castle , which then went to the Trautson .

  • Fünfkirchen Castle, ancestral seat of the family from 1603 to 1970.

  • Matzen Castle was owned by the Fünfkirchen from 1629 to 1726, then by inheritance to the Kinsky

  • Chlumetz Castle built in 1710 by Count Johann Leopold Fünfkirchen, the seat of the Chlumetz line from 1782, sold to the Stadion family in 1834 .

  • Fünfkirchner Haus in Vienna's Bäckerstraße. In 1722 the Fünfkirchner rebuilt it into an aristocratic palace, shortly afterwards sold to Karl von Seitern.

Burial places

The most important burial place of the Fünfkirchen family is the place Stützenhofen, both the parish church and the crypt chapel in the nearby cemetery. In the 15th and 16th centuries, the parish church of Poysbrunn served as a burial place. The family crypt in the Augustinian Church in Vienna , donated by Count Johann Bernhard II of Fünfkirchen (1644–1700), was destroyed in 1784 during the church renovation.

coat of arms

The split coat of arms is divided by silver and blue on the right, gold without a picture on the left. On the helmet with blue-silver covers on the right and blue-gold covers on the left, two buffalo horns, the right gold one, the left one divided by silver and blue.

  • Coat of arms of the Counts of Fünfkirchen

  • Fünfkirchen-Wappen.png

  • Alliance coat of arms of the Counts of Fünfkirchen and the Chorinsky at the entrance to the parish church in Chlumetz

Trivia

Fünfkirchen Alley in Prague's Lesser Town

In 1611 Johann Bernhard von Fünfkirchen acquired the Hoffmann houses in Prague's Lesser Town and combined them into one palace. After the Battle of White Mountain, his fortune was confiscated, and the Prague house went to the family of Count Wilhelm Slavata , who became famous through the Prague window lintel . His granddaughter Katharina married Johann Ernst von Fünfkirchen, the grandson of Johann Bernhard, who was involved in the lintel, and the Prague palace was returned to the family. Later the palace was sold to the Kolowrat family who demolished it and the neighboring buildings and replaced it with the building known today as Thunsches Palais. The narrow street, now called Sněmovní ulice, was still called Fünfkirchen Alley. The old name has been preserved on the building at Sneemovní ulice 172 to this day.

swell

  • Heinrich Graf Fünfkirchen: The Fünfkirchen in Vienna, Enns, Steinebrunn and Falkenstein in the Mistelbach district. Lower Austria State Library, Bib-Sigel: NÖIL IDN: 28241
  • Franz K. Wißgrill, Karl von Odelga: scene of the rural Niederösterr. Adels, Volume 3 , page 129 ff.
  • Genealogical manual of the nobility , Adelslexikon Volume III, Volume 61 of the complete series, page 417, CA Starke Verlag , Limburg (Lahn) 1975, ISSN  0435-2408

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Liechtenstein Archives in Vienna
  2. ^ Entry about Steinebrunn on Lower Austria Burgen online - Institute for Reality Studies of the Middle Ages and the Early Modern Era, University of Salzburg
  3. ↑ The Little History Book of the Hutterite Brothers, Johannes Waldner, 1947, page 40
  4. ↑ Archived copy ( memento of the original dated August 19, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / histfam.familysearch.org
  5. ↑ http://www.drasenhofen.at/system/web/zusatzseite.aspx?menuonr=218872061&detailonr=218879935
  6. ↑ http://data.onb.ac.at/rec/AC09211829
  7. ^ Franz Xavier Joseph Schweickhardt (Knight of Sickingen), representation of the Archduchy of Austria under the Ens: through a comprehensive description of all castles, palaces, dominions, cities, markets, villages, Rotten & c. & c. topographical-statistical-genealogical-historical edit. Quarter under Manhartsberg, Volume 2, page 61
  8. ↑ Gerd Holler: "Bratfisch whistled wonderfully" . In: Der Spiegel . No. 15 , 1980 ( online ).
  9. ↑ http://austria-forum.org/af/Wissenssammlungen/Burgen_und_Schl%C3%B6sser/Steiermark/Friedstein
  10. ↑ http://www.austro-hungarian-army.co.uk/mexican/fuenfkirchen.htm
  11. ^ Heinrich Graf Fünfkirchen: The Fünfkirchen in Vienna, Enns, Steinebrunn and Falkenstein in the Mistelbacher district, page 61 ff.

Web links

Commons : Fünfkirchen  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files