Finsterbach (Rednitz)

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Finsterbach
Data
Water code DE : 242154
location Middle Franconian basin

Bavaria

River system Rhine
Drain over Rednitz  → Regnitz  → Main  → Rhine  → North Sea
source approx. 1.4 km southwest of Pyrbaum
49 ° 17 ′ 7 ″  N , 11 ° 16 ′ 48 ″  E
Source height 439  m above sea level NHN
muzzle Between Pfaffenhofen and Rednitzhembach from the right into the Rednitz coordinates: 49 ° 16 '49 "  N , 11 ° 4' 36"  E 49 ° 16 '49 "  N , 11 ° 4' 36"  E
Mouth height 321  m  DE-NHN
Height difference 118 m
Bottom slope 6.8 ‰
length 17.5 km
Catchment area 40.23 km²

The Finsterbach is a year-round 3rd order flowing water in the Bavarian districts of Neumarkt in the Upper Palatinate and Roth, over 17 km in length.

geography

course

The Finsterbach rises today around 1400 meters southwest of Pyrbaum in the western Pyrbaumer Forest at the foot of the Eulenberg. On its way to the west, it crosses the Münchsmühle, which belongs to Pyrbaum, and takes up its original southern source branch from the Harrhofschlag wood. Immediately after Münchsmühle, it crosses under the NM 6 district road and after two kilometers reaches the Straßmühlweiher, which is about four hectares in size and is used for fish farming, and the town of Straßmühle . Between the state road St 2225 and the federal highway 9 , it passes the area of ​​the animal enclosure Faberhof south and then feeds the three hectare large Harrlacher Weiher. Until then, the Finsterbach is considered to be critically polluted in terms of water quality. To the west of Harrlach , the brook receives the treated wastewater from the sewage treatment plant and, from the left, the Geislachgraben. From there the water quality improves too moderately polluted ; it flows through the three-hectare Finstermühlweiher happens Finster mill and crosses the Rhine-Main-Danube Canal to 150 meters verdolt and shares Meckenlohe into a northern and a southern half. In the Middle Ages, despite the direct spatial proximity of different principalities, they were obliged to pay a large and small tithe separately. From the outskirts of Meckenlohe the Finsterbach changes its character from the forest to the meadow brook, begins to meander there more spaciously and flows under the hitting saw , again twisting. To the south of Pruppach and a pony stud farm, it crosses under the motorway-like federal highway 2 and the state road 2409 , before after another 500 meters between Pfaffenhofen and Rednitzhembach at an altitude of 321  m above sea level. NN flows into the Rednitz from the right .

The Finsterbach flows after a 17.5 km long run in a westerly direction with an average bed gradient of 6.8 ‰ about 118 meters below its origin.

Catchment area

The Finsterbach has a catchment area of ​​40.2 km², which in natural terms lies in the Middle Franconian Basin , mostly in the lower area of Rother sand plates and only with the small mouth gusset in the lower area of Rednitzaue . The highest point is almost in the east on a hilltop area southwest of Pyrbaum and reaches 449  m above sea level. NHN .

Beyond the northern watershed, the Bierbach initially compete , later on the longer section of the upper Hembach , roughly towards the Finsterbach in the same direction as the downstream Rednitz . The only short eastern watershed borders the catchment area of ​​the Schwarzach (Altmühl) , which drains over the Altmühl to the Danube ; this section of the total watershed is part of the European main watershed between the North Sea on this side and the Black Sea on the other and is therefore hydrologically the most important. On the other side of the southern watershed, the Kleine Roth arises on the easternmost section , which in turn feeds the Rednitz via the Roth and now above the Finsterbach. On the longest part of the southern watershed, however, the Brunnbach , which again runs almost parallel to the Finsterbach westwards to the Rednitz, takes up the drain to the other side.

The Finsterbach flows along its entire length in the Keuper .

The upper part of the catchment area is around the eponymous capital and the associated village of Pruppach in Markt Pyrbaum , which belongs to the Neumarkt district in the Upper Palatinate , while all other municipalities in the catchment area belong to the Roth district . At the beginning of the middle reaches only an area tube of the city of Roth along the Finsterbach, which then begins to widen considerably between the Finstermühle and the crossing Main-Danube-Canal towards the lower catchment area. At the middle reaches the area of ​​the Schwanstetten market to the right bank, which narrows further down to a narrow strip along the right watershed. The Allersberg market takes up large parts of the middle course, especially around the Geislachgraben tributary, but nowhere reaches the left bank of the Finsterbach. On the last last quarter of a kilometer to the mouth, the Rednitzhembach community is on the right-hand side.

Tributaries and lakes

Hierarchical list of tributaries and RiverIcon-SmallLake.svglakes from source to mouth. Selection.

  • RiverIcon-SmallLake.svgFlows through at the last 373  m above sea level. NHN the four ponds in front of Pyrbaum - Straßmühle
  • Lachgraben, from the right at 367  m above sea level. NHN after the railway bridge on the Nuremberg – Munich ICE line
    • RiverIcon-SmallLake.svgFlows through at approx. 377  m above sea level. NHN the Nickelsee shortly before the motorway and railway line
    • RiverIcon-SmallLake.svgFlows through at approx. 375  m above sea level. NHN the sand pond shortly after the railway line
  • RiverIcon-SmallLake.svgFlows through at 365  m above sea level. NHN and 363  m above sea level NHN the two Harrlacher ponds before Roth - Harrlach
  • Geislachgraben, from the left to about 359  m above sea level. NHN after the first of the following.
  • RiverIcon-SmallLake.svgFed and dewatered to 359- 356  m above sea level. NHN the Finstermühlweiher shortly before Roth- Finstermühle
  • Crossing the valley of the Main-Danube Canal on a dam shortly before Roth- Meckenlohe

places

Places on the run with their affiliations. Only the names of the lowest nesting level denote neighboring settlements.

history

The Finsterbach was first mentioned in documents in the early 11th century. He sprang back then about 500 meters southeast of the village over the Pyrbaumer Pruppach situated Burgstall Pruppach at an altitude of 419  m above sea level. NN in the Harrhofschlag forest and has deeply notched a still clearly recognizable, north-east oriented valley there. The longer eastern source branch was only created between 1808 and 1817 through the drainage and canalization of forest swamps as well as some industrial clearings. It was originally not water-bearing there all year round. In the Bavarian original cadastre from 1808 it is not recorded as a body of water. At that time the name was already Finsterbach in the middle course, but the name Bruckbach was previously used in the estuary west of the village of Pruppach von Roth and east in the headwaters of the Pyrbaumer Pruppach Brukkebach . This also explains the two identical place names in neighboring government districts only ten kilometers apart and on the same body of water.

nature

Bach spring herb on the Finsterbach

In the upper reaches of the Finsterbach and one of its tributaries near Straßmühle, the brook spring herb occurs in abundance , a water carnation species that is on the red list of endangered plant species and cannot be found anywhere else in the Rednitz catchment area.

Individual evidence

BayernAtlas ("BA")

Official online waterway map with a suitable section and the layers used here: Course and catchment area of ​​the Finsterbach
General introduction without default settings and layers: BayernAtlas of the Bavarian State Government ( notes )

  1. ↑ a b c d e f Height requested on the official map background layer (right click).
  2. ↑ Height after black lettering on the background layer of the official map .
  3. ↑ Geology according to the layer geological map 1: 500,000 .
  4. ↑ a b c d Height according to the blue lettering on the background layer of the official map .

Water directory Bavaria ("GV")

  1. ↑ Length according to: Directory of stream and river areas in Bavaria - Main river area, page 37 of the Bavarian State Office for the Environment, as of 2016 (PDF; 3.3 MB) (number of pages may change.)
  2. ↑ Catchment area according to: Directory of stream and river areas in Bavaria - Main river area, page 37 of the Bavarian State Office for the Environment, as of 2016 (PDF; 3.3 MB) (number of pages may change.)

Others

  1. ↑ Water cadastre in LKr Roth, Hembach
  2. ↑ Water quality of the Finsterbach ( Memento from March 4, 2016 in the Internet Archive )
  3. ↑ Finsterbach on Bavaria Atlas
  4. ^ Franz Tichy : Geographical Land Survey: The natural spatial units on sheet 163 Nuremberg. Federal Institute for Regional Studies, Bad Godesberg 1973. →  Online map (PDF; 4.0 MB)
  5. ^ Page Chronicle Pruppach on the website of Pyrbaum.
  6. ↑ Information sheet RegioFlora with 2 photos and a detailed map of the Finsterbach
  7. ↑ Red List of Plants in Germany, page 126

literature

Web links