Kalymnos
|
Kalymnos municipality Δήμος Καλυμνίων (Κάλυμνος) |
|||
|---|---|---|---|
|
|||
| Basic data | |||
| State : |
 Greece
|
||
| Region : | South Aegean | ||
| Regional District : | Kalymnos | ||
| Geographic coordinates : | 36 ° 59 ′ N , 26 ° 59 ′ E | ||
| Area : | 134.544 km² | ||
| Residents : | 16,179 (2011) | ||
| Population density : | 120.3 inhabitants / km² | ||
| Seat: | Pothia | ||
| LAU-1 code no .: | 6101 | ||
| Districts : | no | ||
| Local self-government : | no | ||
| Location in the South Aegean region | |||
 |
|||
The Greek island of Kalymnos ( Greek Κάλυμνος [ ˈkalimnɔs ] ( f. Sg. )) Forms together with Telendos , Pserimos and some small uninhabited islands a municipality (δήμος, Dimos ) in the South Aegean region . The administrative seat with more than 12,000 inhabitants is Kalymnos (also called Pothia ).
location
With 110.581 km² Kalymnos is the fourth largest Dodecanese island . It is located in the eastern Aegean Sea between Kos 12 km south and Leros 2.1 km north. The shortest distance to the Bodrum Peninsula in Asia Minor ( Bodrum Yarımadası in Turkish ) in the east is almost 17 km. Some of the surrounding islands belong to the municipality, the largest are Pserimos 5 km east, Telendos 1 km west and Kalolimnos more than 6 km northeast. The Glaronisia in the Strait of Leros (Στενό της Λέρου) belong to the municipality of Leros.
The maximum length from northwest to southeast is almost 21 km, the maximum width in the south 13 km, the narrowest point in the north is around 1.2 km.
Kalymnos is a mountainous to mountainous island, the proportion of plains is less than 10% of the total area. The Paleonisos peninsula (Παλαιόνησος) in the north with a length of about 11 km and a width of about 2 km is oriented from west-northwest to east-southeast. This orographic orientation can also be found in the south of the main part of the island with three parallel mountain ranges. The middle mountain range reaches 676 meters with the Profitis Ilias in the central island area. The two valleys of Vathy and Pothia drain to the east coast.
etymology
The original name of the island Kalydna is probably derived from καλός 'good' also 'beautiful' and ύδνα (from ύδωρ) 'water' and means island with good water . In the Iliad , the Calydnian Islands are also passed down in Canto II , line 677:
Delta ἄρα Νίσυρόν .tau εἶχον Οἳ Κράπαθόν τε Κάσον τε
καὶ Κῶν Εὐρυπύλοιο πόλιν νήσους τε Καλύδνας,
τῶν αὖ Φείδιππός τε καὶ Ἄντιφος ἡγησάσθην
Θεσσαλοῦ υἷε δύω Ἡρακλεΐδαο ἄνακτος ·
τοῖς δὲ τριήκοντα γλαφυραὶ νέες ἐστιχόωντο.
Then the Nisyros about, and Krapathos built and Kasos ,
Kos , the Eurypylos town, and around the kalydnischen Islands:
This bid Pheidippos same time and Antiphos leader,
both Thessalos sons of herakleidischen king.
They are followed by a squadron of thirty curved ships.
In the 4th century BC The island is then called Kalymna , the name changed to Kalymnos in Byzantine times .
Community and population numbers
.jpg&filetimestamp=20101026151950&)
More than 90% of the island's population live in Pothia , Chorio and Panormos which together form the closed settlement area of a small town with almost 15,000 inhabitants (2011). In contrast, the Paleonisos peninsula in the north of the island with the settlements Arginonda , Skalia and Emborios with a total of more than 100 inhabitants is almost uninhabited.
- Kalymnos (Κάλυμνος ( f. Sg. )) Or Pothia also Pothea (Πόθια also Πόθαια ( f. Sg. )), 12.324
- Arginonda (Αργινώντα ( n. Pl. )) 17
- Argos (Άργος ( n. Sg. )), 278
- Emborios (Εμπορειός ( m. Sg. )) 56
- Kamari (Καμάρι ( n. Sg. )), 86
- Myrties (Μυρτιές ( f. Pl. )), 325
- Panormos (Πάνορμος ( f. Sg. )), 2069
- Skalia (Σκαλιά ( n. Pl. )), 41
- Vathy (Βαθύ ( m. Sg. )), 492
- Vlychadia (Βλυχάδια ( n. Pl. )), 68
- Vothyni (Βοθύνοι ( m. Pl. )), 245
economy
From the second half of the 19th century until the 1960s, sponge diving and processing of sponges was the main economic factor and contributed to the prosperity of Kalymnos. In 1950 the income was still 60% of the economy as a whole, now this branch of the economy is insignificant. Almost half of the workforce now works in the service sector, 37% in manufacturing and 13% in agriculture.
Agriculture
Due to the topography and lack of water, the island's agriculture has never been particularly developed. The agricultural areas are in the valleys of Vathy and Pothia and on the plateau near Argos. To a lesser extent near Panormos and around the villages of Skalia and Emborios. The only significant agricultural area is in the Vathi Valley. Citrus fruits are grown on 1,500 hectares and outdoor vegetables on more than 100 hectares. Vegetable crops are increasingly being grown in foil houses. The quantities produced do not meet local needs, the supply gap is closed with imports primarily from Kos but also from Athens. Olives and vines are grown around the village of Argos.
Uncontrolled grazing, an excessively high number of animals (12,400 sheep, 2000) coupled with a persistent lack of water have led to a high degree of overgrazing on Kalymnos.
Kalymnos is an inshore fishing center in the Dodecanese prefecture. The swordfish hunt is important with a catch quota of 200 to 600 tons per year. However, inadequate marine equipment, uncontrolled fishing and a lack of awareness lead to a deterioration in the marine environment and falling catch rates.
Formerly known as the island of the sponge fishermen, the yields from sponge fishing are now negligible. Annual production fell from 48 tons (1967) to 30 tons (1986) and in 1992 it only reached 3.5 tons. The main reasons for this decline are a previously unexplained mass extinction, the shrinking of the specimens and overfishing.
Manufacturing
The situation of the manufacturing industry is more important than on many Greek islands. Of the total of 15 companies, which are mainly located to the east of the port, the state electricity company ΔΕΗ , a ship dock, a sponge processing company and a quarry are the most important employers.
tourism
Tourism is not developed like other islands in the prefecture. Due to the problems in agriculture and industry, an expansion of the offer is sought. Only 35% of the island's visitors are foreigners. Since around the turn of the millennium, the island has established itself as a world-famous destination for sport climbers . Most of the climbing areas are concentrated around Massouri on the west coast.
traffic
Kalymnos Airport
Kalymnos Airport ( IATA : JKL , ICAO : LGKY ) is just a few kilometers from the town of Kalymnos ( Pothia ) and opened on August 10, 2006. The paved runway with an orientation of 10/28 is 1,135 m long and 30 m wide. The airport is at an altitude of 235 m (771 ft) above sea level .
Town twinning
The municipality of Kalymnos has twinned cities
literature
- Harvey Russell Bernard: Kalymnos: The Island of the Sponge Fishermen . In: Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences , No. 268 (1976), pp. 291-307.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b Results of the 2011 census, Greek Statistical Office (ΕΛ.ΣΤΑΤ) ( Memento from June 27, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) (Excel document, 2.6 MB)
- ↑ Ελληνική Στατιστική Αρχή [ΕΛΣΤΑΤ] (Ed.): Στατιστική Επετηρίδα της Ελλάδος (Statistical Yearbook of Greece) 2009 & 2010 . Piraeus 2011, p. 47 .
- ^ Kalymnos, 1: 25,000 (Map 207) . Road Editions, Athens 1997. ISBN 978-960-8189-96-6
- ↑ ΙΛΙΑΔΟΣ - ΡΑΨΩΔΙΑ Β΄ (στίχοι: 591-710)
- ↑ Homer: Iliad in the Gutenberg-DE project
- ^ H. Russell Bernard: Kalymnos: The Island of the Sponge Fishermen (PDF) In: Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences , No. 268 (1976), here p. 304 (PDF; 1.4 MB).
- ↑ Kalymnos Airport. In: airportguide.com. Accessed February 2, 2020 .
- ↑ Darwin's Sister Cities ( Memento of the original from February 18, 2011 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Arles, The Sister Cities ( Memento of the original from December 5, 2008 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
.jpg&filetimestamp=20101026151950){kind=link}