Fontane promenade
| Fontane promenade | |
|---|---|
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| Basic data | |
| place | Berlin |
| District | Kreuzberg |
| Created | 19th century |
| Name received | April 30, 1899 |
| Cross streets |
Blücherstrasse , Freiligrathstrasse |
| Places | South star |
| Numbering system | Horseshoe numbering |
| Buildings | see buildings (selection) |
| use | |
| User groups | Pedestrians, cyclists, motorists |
| Road design | broad green median |
| Technical specifications | |
| Street length | 380 meters |
The Fontanepromenade is a short, spacious street in the Berlin district of Kreuzberg .
Location and facilities
The promenade runs in a south-north direction between Blücherstraße / Südstern and Urbanstraße .
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In terms of urban development, it continues the aisle of the Luisenstädtischer Kanal up to the Südstern, even if an extension of the canal beyond the urban harbor on the Landwehr Canal was probably never planned. As the overall planning has been made, the marked Melanchthonkirche on the Am Urban -called space at Urbanhafen the northern and Protestant garrison church at Südstern the southern end of Fontanepromenade. They stood in line of sight to Michael’s Church at the confluence of the Luisenstadt Canal farther north into the Engel basin .
The adjacent properties have house numbers from 1 to 17 in horseshoe numbering . The approximately 18-meter-wide median, which is designated as a “protected green space” along its entire length, is planted with two rows of deciduous trees. There are benches and play facilities along the central footpath. Medium-sized paving stones laid diagonally form the road surface. You can park on both sides of the two lanes.
history
From the end of the 19th century to the end of World War II
According to Hobrecht's development plan , Section II, the promenade was initially designated as Straße 13 . It connected Blücherstraße at Kaiser-Friedrich-Platz (since 1947 Südstern ) with Urbanstraße, the house numbers ran from south to north. Starting from this traffic route, the city planners laid out street 13a , which was named Freiligrathstraße in 1901, to the east about half its length .
On April 30, 1899, the Berlin administration gave Planstrasse 13 the name Fontane-Promenade in honor of the writer Theodor Fontane (1819–1898), who had died five months earlier. In the following year, the areas on the eastern side of this street were parceled out and the first houses were under construction. They were owned by a merchant, a carpenter and an architect. The barracks of the Kaiser-Franz-Garde-Grenadierregiment and a military laundromat stretched along the western side , both with postal addresses in Blücherstrasse (No. 47/48 and 46).
Division pastor H. Friedrich had rented an apartment at Fontanepromenade 1, because the nearby church on Kaiser-Friedrich-Platz was initially a garrison church . More families of officers gradually moved into apartments on this promenade, as the barracks were within easy walking distance.
In 1902 the Berlin address book in Fontanepromenade 1 shows branches of the Berliner Zeitung and the Berliner Morgenpost . The development has meanwhile been densified and reached as far as plot 11; the house owners had changed.
Another two years later, almost all the buildings on the east side of the promenade up to Urbanstrasse were finished. The building of the association for the upbringing of morally neglected children , which was built on Urban from 1863 to 1865 according to plans by Gustav Möller, was remarkable . On a Berlin city map from 1893, this educational institution is shown south of the Urban Hospital , a three-wing building with a slightly rounded central section facing Am Urban.
In 1896 the educational institution moved to Zehlendorf . From 1897, the association operated a maternity home in the Am Urban building. In 1903 the southern wing was given the addresses Fontanepromenade 13, the middle Am Urban 10-11 and the northern Urbanstraße 22/23. The house on parcel 13 belonged to the postal address Urbanstrasse 22/23. In 1908, the city of Berlin acquired the building, which was now given the postal address Am Urban 10–11, first as a Berlin-Brandenburg Cripple Cure and Educational Institution , then as a municipal hospital , Kreuzberg health center and finally from 1932 as the Kreuzberg health department.
In 1907, construction began on the west side of the promenade: A merchant from Halleschen Strasse had a house built on plot 14, and the Fuhrwerk building was built on Berlin's own property number 15 (not yet shown with this number in the address book) -Genossenschaft, next to it there was another construction site (the later residential buildings at Fontanepromenade 16/17) and then finally the still-preserved military washing facility on the corner of Blücherstrasse.
Across from the head office of the Fuhrwerk-Berufsgenossenschaft, the guild health insurance fund of this cooperative, Section IV, was set up in the house Fontanepromenade 12 (the children's home).
A few years later, house 15 of the Fuhrwerk-Berufsgenossenschaft was numbered. The Fuhrwerkinnung and the guild health insurance fund as well as the Reichsverband der Fuhrbetriebe Deutschlands e. V. drafted. House number 16 was owned by a Spaniard , and H. Steinke's Darmgroßhandlung GmbH was established in the buildings of the former military laundromat (houses 18 and 19).
From 1930 the former children's home (parcels 12/13) was added to the street Am Urban 10/11 and served as the Kreuzberg health center . Urban nurses later used the wing of the building as a dormitory.
Between 1926 and 1932 the barracks of the grenadier regiment became a police barracks. The barracks had the official address Urbanstrasse 11-19. The numbers 20 and 21 followed up to the mouth of the Fontanepromenade, both owned by the city of Berlin. Number 20 was a residential building and housed several members of the military (sergeant, an army officer, sergeant ...).
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House 21, constructed together with the barracks was an officers' mess , where the in 1936 the tax office for property and the clubhouse of the male choir Berliner Liedertafel were. The officers' casino, which opened in 1914, has been preserved and has been a monument since the 1980s .
In 1933, when the National Socialists " seized power " , the Fuhrwerk-Berufsgenossenschaft (Fuhrwerk-Berufsgenossenschaft) was renamed the professional association for commercial vehicle maintenance , and in the 15 Fontanepromenade building there was also an employment office and a career counseling service. In 1938 the Central Office for Jews was established there at the Berlin employment office. In the so-called “closed labor deployment”, Jews were deployed in columns for forced labor .
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House 11, a conspicuously designed building in the Wilhelminian style, was placed under compulsory administration in 1935, but soon after became the property of a (unspecified) pension fund .
In 1935, the trade association for vehicle owners was apparently only represented with one branch in house number 15, the headquarters were given as Wexstrasse in Schöneberg , the employment office was now called the Berlin-Süd employment office and also housed a caretaker's apartment.
Houses 18 and 19 (the former military wash house) had passed into the possession of a merchant and a master craftsman who ran a potato peeling business and a workshop for heating systems here.
The owners of the apartment buildings on the east side of the promenade did not change until the end of the war.
The guild health insurance fund of the Berliner Fuhrbetriebe was located at Belle-Alliance-Strasse 16 in 1941 , so it had moved away from Fontanepromenade.
Since 1945
A telephone directory from 1960/1961 in Fontanepromenade 9 shows a superintendent of the Evangelical Church. In the 21st century there is no such reference there.
The representations on a Berlin city map from 1960 allow the conclusion that the barracks buildings along the Promenade and Urbanstrasse survived the war largely unscathed and were still used by the Berlin police (P. P. 501) .
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But in the 1970s the barracks were closed, the buildings demolished, and a school complex was built in its place, which was later named Carl von Ossietzky School . On a 1985 city map published by the Berlin Senate, the H-shaped floor plan of the school buildings on the former barracks, along with two sports fields, can be seen. The two buildings 18 and 19 have been completely removed, parts of the foundations are most likely under the outdoor sports facility and the small rampart that extends up to the Fontane promenade.
Two Allied air raids in 1943 and 1944 destroyed the Melanchthon Church. The ruins were removed in 1953 to make room for the expansion of the Am Urban hospital .
On January 10, 1972, the northward semicircular part of the street Am Urban was included in the Fontanepromenade, but not set up for through traffic. Since then, the promenade has been a dead end for motor vehicles that leads off Blücherstrasse .
The Protestant church had two low-rise buildings erected on plot 14, which have since served as a combination of children (crèche, kindergarten and preschool). The four individual houses are maintained by the Diakonisches Werk Berlin Stadtmitte .
In the post-war years , several service companies set up shop in the ground floor areas of the east side of the promenade, including scaffolders (No. 3, No. 4), a major supplier for restaurants and canteens (No. 17; 1963), a master painter, a window cleaner and the car dealership am Südstern (address was Südstern and Fontanepromenade 1).
The Berlin Wachinstitut (BWI, a watch and protection company) founded in 1929 , which has been in house number 11 since it was founded, is worth highlighting . Presumably a branch was established in the 1990s, which is based in Steglitz .
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Stumbling blocks have been laid in front of two buildings on Fontanepromenade (2 and 5), reminding of the fate of their Jewish residents (Selma Feige and the Stern family).
A stumbling block, spoiled beyond recognition, lies in the passage between houses number 1 and 1a. According to information from the Stolpersteinstelle of the Friedrichshain-Kreuzberg District Office, this is not a registered Stolperstein.
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Large parts of the former nurses' home had been demolished by the end of the 20th century at the latest. Directly on Urbanstrasse there is now the Curt-Bejach health center and a brick-built, low-rise building for the child and youth psychiatric service. On the property, which extends down to the Fontanepromenade, there is a restored building in which the district office operates the child and youth health service.
Buildings (selection)
Right (east) side
- Numbers 1 to 10
House number 1 no longer exists; in 1943 more than 16 tenants lived here. The building probably fell victim to the war. House number 1 then went over to the corner building at Am Südstern, where Il Nuovo Primo , an Italian restaurant, was located on the ground floor in the 1990s .
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Between house 1 and the row of houses Fontanepromenade 2–10, a two-storey yellow plastered building was added in the late 1980s (no. 1a), which housed the Café Fontane on the ground floor ; the owners probably lived above it. The café had to give up after a few years, the former entrance and seating areas on the terrace were still recognizable in 2015. Parts of the building are rented to physiotherapy practices, and two apartments are also located here.
The subsequent block perimeter development extends to Freiligrathstrasse and consists of relatively uniform plastered buildings, each with a central, vertical row of balconies, bay windows and balconies, each ending in a pointed decorative gable. The individual buildings with five floors are set off by slightly different colors of the facade plaster. There are green front gardens in front of all houses. Half-reliefs made of small figures form an eye-catcher above some house entrances, and artistically designed balcony parapets and house numbers are also noticeable.
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Most of the building entrances are also designed differently , they have a narrow entrance that leads directly into the front building. The gate next to it forms a passage to the courtyard buildings. Many of the doors have been preserved in the original wooden design with glass inserts.
The connected residential complex between Körtestrasse, Freiligrathstrasse and Fontanepromenade has side wings and transverse buildings on the inside. The interior is not connected and can only be reached from the houses. According to residents, the Fontanepromenade 9 courtyard is supposed to be a garden monument. The previously common basement apartments in town houses are only used as storage rooms.
On the ground floor of the house number 5 is located since 2010 a non-profit society that help for drug-endangered or dependents of all ages offering: Theranon .
The corner building on Freiligrathstrasse (No. 10) is designed as a Berlin corner ; the shutters that have been lowered indicate that there was once a shop here.
- Numbers 11 to 13
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The corner building on Freiligrathstrasse (No. 11) is also designed as a Berlin corner.
Between 2009 and 2011, the HochTief company built a condominium with 3,600 square meters of living space and an underground car park for 25 cars on the Fontanepromenade 12/13 property instead of a residential apartment building that was destroyed in World War II . The seven-storey building has a roof terrace, large windows and a two-storey passage to the interior. Additional residential buildings have been added here that go through to Körtestrasse.
The low-energy building by KfW Efficiency House - Standard uses a geothermal Plant for heating.
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The block of flats at number 13a is more recent, has a uniform six-storey design and shows unplastered clinker facades. The particularly wide foundation forms a continuous terrace facing the street, under which there is an underground car park (access from Urbanstraße).
In the rear area between the promenade and Urbanstrasse, a wing of the former nurses' home has been preserved. After extensive renovation and modernization, the district office operates a child and youth health service there.
The connection to Blücherstraße only exists as a footpath and bike path. The two lanes of the promenade form a semicircular turning area in the area of house numbers 13a / 14. At this point there are three playgrounds across the turning point . These are equipped with seesaws, slides, climbing frames, table tennis tables and are maintained by the district's green space office.
Left (western) side
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- Number 14 - daycare and school
The above-mentioned Protestant day-care center is located here , which was renovated in an environmentally friendly manner between July and September 2009 with funds from the State of Berlin and the BUND.
To the south of it, the Carl-von-Ossietzky-Schule , which has been a community school since 2011 , has a side entrance. The postal address of the school complex is, however, Blücherstraße 46/47. The entire school complex, including large sports areas, was built around 1970 in place of the former barracks and the military washhouse.
- Number 15
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The single-storey with stucco ornaments ornate gray building is 1905/1906 on behalf of the Berlin vehicle factory cooperative by architect John Kraaz been built and is since the end of the 20th century monument .
The cooperative had to move out and in its place the Central Office for Jews opened here in 1938 , an employment office reserved exclusively for Jewish citizens . This office was used at the end of World War II until 1945. It is not known when bars were placed on the windows.
After 1945, the building became part of the reorganized Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints , also known as the "Mormons". The congregation, later renamed Community of Christ , used the house for church services and gatherings until 2011. The congregation had dissolved because the number of its members had fallen sharply. The building now belonged to the Shoah Foundation in the USA ( Los Angeles ). There is no evidence of any use, but the Berlin daily press reported in March 2015 that the property fund is offering the building for sale for 790,000 euros . In 2016, an investor from Bremen was found who would like to operate a residential and commercial building here after gutting and renovating the facade in accordance with the requirements of the monument. There is resistance to the mundane conversion, including from a citizens' initiative that is even aiming to stop construction.
Above the round portal adorned with figures, the brass plaque has been preserved on the facade, which shows the approximately 50 years of use by the Mormons (status: March 2015).
As a result of research by the Kreuzberg artist Stella Flatten, the district office, in cooperation with the neighborhood house Urban e. V. and the Active Museum Fascism set up a two-meter high memorial stele in front of this house , which was designed by the Kreuzberg artist Helga Lieser and inaugurated on May 23, 2013.
In addition, on the initiative of Stella Flatten, a bench on the central promenade opposite House 15 was painted yellow, the color of which corresponded to the Star of David that Jews had to wear in public during the Nazi era . During the time of the Employment Agency for Jews, two benches had already been painted yellow earlier and marked as so-called “Judenbänke”, which were reserved for the waiting Jewish people. But the bank had already disappeared in March 2015, in its place there is a new, colorless seat, and there is also no longer an explanatory sign behind it.
- Numbers 16 and 17
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Two five-storey residential buildings with balconies and small front gardens form a sloping structure that narrows downwards. The restrained facade decoration consists of light-colored plaster, some vertical depressions in the plaster of the balcony parapets and a vertical row of bay windows with three windows each. The house is adorned with three niches with putti figures on the indicated columns next to the house entrance number 16 and in the middle of the balcony on the first floor a sandstone vase. The directly attached, same high house number 17 is decorated even more sparingly: a vertical row of windows next to the bay windows contains a human face in each of the semicircular and pointed gable lunettes .
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Both houses were expanded in the roof area at the beginning of the 21st century and thus offer additional living space with sloping ceilings and dormers .
These houses were built around 1911 according to plans by the architects Franz Schinkat (No. 16) and Gerrit Emmingmann (No. 17). House number 17 has round bay windows between the second and fourth floors. On the fifth floor there is a semicircular balcony above.
The building ensemble was completely renovated in 2004 by the real estate company GEG (German Estate Group) according to plans by GPlant architects and engineers . The loft extension was planned by Felix Goldmann's office.
literature
- Werner Westhafen: Fontane promenade . In: Kreuzberger Chronik , 6, 2002, issue 38
Web links
- Fontane promenade. In: Street name lexicon of the Luisenstädtischer Bildungsverein (near Kaupert )
Individual evidence
- ^ Fontane Promenade . In: Address book for Berlin and its suburbs , 1900, III, p. 153.
- ^ Fontane Promenade . In: Address book for Berlin and its suburbs , 1902, III, p. 165.
- ^ Promenade (still nameless) between Am Urban / Urbanstrasse and Kaiser-Friedrich-Platz. ( Page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. City plan 1893. The entire west side was taken up by the barracks complex.
- ^ Fontane Promenade . In: Berliner Adreßbuch , 1904, III, p. 176.
- ^ Fontane Promenade . In: Berliner Adreßbuch , 1907, III, p. 202.
- ^ Fuhrwerk-Berufsgenossenschaft . In: Directory of subscribers to telephone networks in Berlin and the surrounding area , 1908, p. 339.
- ^ Fontane promenade . In: Berliner Adreßbuch , 1929, IV, p. 281.
- ↑ On Urban 10 + 11 . In: Berliner Adreßbuch , 1930, IV, p. 1040.
- ↑ west of the Fontane promenade there is a police barracks registered ( page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. Berlin city map 1932
- ↑ Urbanstrasse 10–21 . In: Berliner Adreßbuch , 1936, IV, p. 887.
- ↑ Monument Urbanstrasse 21, officers' mess of the Kaiser-Franz-Garde-Grenadier-Regiment, 1914
- ^ Fontane promenade . In: Berliner Adreßbuch , 1933, IV, p. 1040.
- ^ Fontane promenade . In: Berliner Adreßbuch , 1935, IV, p. 224.
- ^ Fontane promenade . In: Berliner Adreßbuch , 1940, IV, p. 226.
- ↑ Health insurance> Guild health insurance companies . In: Berliner Adreßbuch , 1941, III, p. 158.
- ↑ Churches . In: Official telephone book Berlin (West), 1960, p. 261. “Superintendentur Stadt Kölln, Fontanepromenade 9” (Pastor A. Prüfer der Heilig-Kreuz-Gemeinde).
- ↑ City map excerpt for the area around Fontanepromenade, year 1960 ( page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ City map of West Berlin, 1985. ( Page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. (PDF) ZLB, grid square between Südstern and Urbanhafen.
- ↑ Fontanepromenade 12, 14 . In: Telephone book Berlin, Deutsche Telekom, 1984, p. 1073.
- ↑ Website ev. Kita Fontanepromenade ( page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. ; accessed on March 18, 2015.
- ↑ The BWI is shown in the address book under branches, it is not listed in the sections "residents" and "streets". An on-site inspection and discussions with local residents confirm the presence of the BWI.
- ↑ Brief information on the BWI, owner Manfred Haß , accessed on March 18, 2015.
- ^ Message to user: 44Penguins on request and transmission of the photo in April 2015.
- ^ Il Nuovo primo website , accessed March 18, 2015.
- ↑ Cafe Fontane web2.cylex.de; Retrieved on March 22, 2015. The existence of the café was confirmed by information from a local resident on March 22, 2015.
- ↑ site Theranon ; accessed on March 24, 2015.
- ^ Information about the residential project Fontanepromenade 12/13 , accessed on March 18, 2015.
- ↑ Brief presentation of a playground in Fontanepromenade 13 on ihrspielplatz.de; accessed on March 18, 2015.
- ↑ Renovation of the children's facility in 2009 according to a notice board on the fence; seen in March 2015.
- ^ Homepage of the CvO community school
- ↑ Monument Fontanepromenade 15; 1906 by Johann. Kraaz
- ↑ Website on the community of Christ with reference to history ( memento of the original from February 8, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , accessed April 5, 2013.
- ↑ Thomas Lackmann: Former central office for Jews is for sale . In: Der Tagesspiegel , April 6, 2015; Retrieved April 9, 2014.
- ↑ Karin Schmidl: In search of a worthy memory . In: Berliner Zeitung , December 31, 2016, p. 13.
- ↑ Sabine Deck Werth: The House of Spirits. A woman from Kreuzberg researched the history of a building - and discovered something shocking in the process. In: Berliner Zeitung , May 22, 2013, p. 19.
- ↑ View of the stele and some information on the content on gedenkenafeln-in-berlin.de
- ↑ On the right side (click on the middle picture) you can see the yellow bench. , accessed April 9, 2015.
- ↑ Monuments Fontanepromenade 16/17, tenement house, 1911 by Franz Schinkat and Gerrit Emmingmann
- ↑ Website for the renovation of the houses at Fontanepromenade 16/17 ( Memento of the original from September 20, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link has been inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. , accessed March 18, 2015.
- ^ Website Felix Goldmann ( memento from April 2, 2015 in the Internet Archive ) with reference to HOAI LP 1–4, year 2001, accessed on March 18, 2015.
Coordinates: 52 ° 29 ′ 28.2 " N , 13 ° 24 ′ 26.9" E