Franz Xaver Schwäbl
Franz Xaver Schwäbl (born November 14, 1778 in Reisbach ; † July 12, 1841 in Regensburg ) was Bishop of Regensburg.
biography
Schwäbl was the 21st child of Reisbacher baker Wolfgang Schwäbl († 1788). His mother Maria († 1809) was born in Brunner. After attending grammar school in Salzburg and the Lyceum in Munich , Franz Xaver Schwäbl joined the Bartholomean Institute in Ingolstadt in 1798 . He studied theology in Ingolstadt and - after relocating the Bavarian State University - in Landshut . In Landshut he was one of the students of Johann Michael Sailer , who decisively shaped his theological thinking and his church attitude.
In 1801 Schwäbl was ordained a priest in Regensburg and was mainly active in pastoral care over the next few years. On the recommendation of the Bavarian Crown Prince Ludwig , who got to know and appreciate him during a spa stay in Bad Brückenau, Schwäbl was appointed canon in the Munich Metropolitan Chapter in 1823 . Archbishop Lothar Anselm Freiherr von Gebsattel entrusted him with the supervision of the training of priests in the Archdiocese of Munich-Freising .
After the death of Regensburg Bishop Johann Michael Sailer, King Ludwig I of Bavaria had appointed the Auxiliary Bishop Georg Michael Wittmann as his successor. However, when he died before the papal confirmation arrived, the king appointed Franz Xaver Schwäbl as the new bishop of Regensburg on March 12, 1833 . Schwäbl was consecrated bishop in Munich on April 15, 1833 and solemnly enthroned in Regensburg Cathedral on June 1, 1833 .
As a bishop, Franz Xaver Schwäbl endeavored to renew pastoral care: the training of priests was reformed, he ordered the annual synods to be held for all deans of the diocese, and a uniform "youth and people's catechism" was introduced for the diocese of Regensburg to improve religious instruction . The bishop also took an eager part in the revival of monastic and religious life in his diocese; so he supported z. B. the rebuilding of the Weltenburg monastery not far from Regensburg operated by the Benedictine Metten Abbey . The regotization of the cathedral in Regensburg (1835–1839) also fell during his term of office.
Shortly before the end of his life, Bishop Schwäbl found himself exposed to violent attacks by ultramontan Catholic circles, which increasingly determined church life in Bavaria. The reason for the abuse against Schwäbl was that he had withdrawn the permission to preach granted to the diocese of Regensburg from the Munich court preacher Anton Eberhard after the latter had become too upset in several sermons about Protestants and Catholic-Evangelical mixed marriages.
From a social point of view, his vita - from baker's son to high cleric - is paradigmatic for the upheaval in the church hierarchy, which after the upheavals around 1800 had opened the high church offices to people of non-aristocratic origin.
literature
- Karl Hausberger : History of the Diocese of Regensburg , Vol. 2: From the Baroque to the Present , Regensburg 1989, 128-139.
- Alexander Loichinger : Franz Xaver von Schwäbl. Bishop of Regensburg (1833–1841) , in: Contributions to the history of the Diocese of Regensburg 23/24 (1989) 577–590.
- Franz Heinrich Reusch : Schwäbl, Franz Xaver von . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 33, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1891, p. 174 f.
- Otto Weiß : Schwäbl, Franz Xaver von. In: New German Biography (NDB). Volume 23, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin 2007, ISBN 978-3-428-11204-3 , p. 779 ( digitized version ).
- Rudolf Reiser : Franz-Xaver von Schwäbl. In: Karl Bosl (ed.): Bosls Bavarian biography. Pustet, Regensburg 1983, ISBN 3-7917-0792-2 , p. 707 ( digitized version ).
- Winfried Maria Hahn: Romanticism and Catholic Restoration , 1970.
- Irene Kohl: Franz Xaver Schwäbl, Bishop of Regensburg , 1960.
Works (selection)
- Short and instructive parables, 1831.
- Epistola pastoralis Reverendissimi Domini Francisci Xaverii Episcopi Ratisbonensis ad clerum suum dioecesanum, 1833.
- Pastoral words (posthumous collection), 1842.
Web links
predecessor | Office | successor |
---|---|---|
Johann Michael Sailer |
Bishop of Regensburg 1833–1841 |
Valentin Riedel |
personal data | |
---|---|
SURNAME | Schwäbl, Franz Xaver |
BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Bishop of Regensburg (1833–1841) |
DATE OF BIRTH | November 14, 1778 |
PLACE OF BIRTH | Reisbach |
DATE OF DEATH | July 12, 1841 |
Place of death | regensburg |