History of Adensen
The story of Adensen in today's Lower Saxony begins in the years 500 to 800, when Adensen as well as Bodensen and Pussensen were created on Alte Heerstraße on a hill north of the Haller.
Creation of the Adensen, Bodensen and Pussensen settlements on Alte Heerstraße
The settlements of Adensen , Bodensen and Pussensen arose in the midst of oak and hornbeam forests . Beyond the Haller, the Hardingsen settlement was built around the year 800 . Due to these surrounding settlements, the possibilities for land reclamation in the south, north and west were severely restricted. Therefore, land reclamation in these directions was only possible within a narrow radius. The Adensener Feldmark therefore extended in an easterly direction to the Adenser Berg, the slopes of which were cleared. The forests of the Adenser mountain also belonged to Adensen from the beginning. After the place Pussensen became desolate , its fields and forests north of Adensen also came to Adensen, while the fields and forests of the Bodensen desert benefited the then newly established town of Hallerburg . As a replacement for the abandoned farms, large and efficient Meierhöfe were built in Adensen and in the village of Hallerburg, founded in 1360.
Plant of the village of Adensen
The village of Adensen emerged as a clustered village . From Tie , which lay to the west, the village road curved south. She was surrounded by farms. Alleys led from the village street between the farms to other farms. To the outside, the resulting village was surrounded by thick hedges to protect the residents from predators. In later times the core village was surrounded by further alleys and a ring of larger courtyards.
Adelshof of the Adenoys family and construction of the Romanesque St. Dionysius Church
After their settlement, the von Adenoys family built their noble court on the southern edge of Adensen. Outside the village there was a spring pond in the northwest and the cemetery in the west. The von Adenoys family built the St. Dionysius Church in the cemetery . The Romanesque church tower of St. Dionysius Church dates from the 13th century and was extended upwards in the 14th century. To the east of the church tower and across its width stood the single-nave Romanesque church. The vaulted room on the ground floor of the tower served as the rear part of the Romanesque church. At that time Adensen, Bodensen and Pussensen belonged to the parish. Church paths led there from Bodensen and Pussensen and later also from Hallerburg . After Bodensen and Pussensen became deserted and the village of Hallerburg came into being, the parish included the villages of Adensen and Hallerburg from the 14th century.
Rosenmühle and the fish ladder on the Haller
The Rosenmühle still stands south of Adensen on the Haller . This watermill was first mentioned in 1282 as the property of the von Adenoys family. The bishop of Minden was the owner of the mill. After the death of the last male owner of the von Adenoys family named Johannes II, the rose mill came into the possession of the Counts of Hallermunt in Hallerburg after the marriage of the daughter of Johannes II. To Count Gerhard von Hallermunt in 1322 . The Rosenmühle initially had an overshot water wheel and two undershot water wheels . Eventually the water wheels were replaced by a water turbine .
The builder's rose coat of arms was still visible on the original mill house. The Rosenmühle got its name from this coat of arms. Rudolf Wiegmann , who later became a professor at the Düsseldorf Art Academy , was born in the Rosenmühle house on April 17, 1804 . His grandfather Johann Christoph Becker was a miller in the Rosenmühle from 1773 to 1815. The new mill house was built by Wilhelm Alrutz in 1860. From 1523 to 1852 the rose mill was the forced mill for the "Adenser Gohe" with the exception of the Meierhöfe . The Rosenmühle had the right to eat for the "Adenser Gohe", which included the towns of Adensen, Alferde, Boitzum, Hallerburg, Holtensen, Sorsum, Wittenburg, Wülfingen and Wülfinghausen. The inhabitants of these places had to have their grain ground in the rose mill. The rose mill was also used as a sawmill. The sawmill with a vertical gate stood west of the rose mill. There tree trunks were made into boards.
The kolk was used as a bathing pond in the middle of the 20th century. There the child of one of the employees of the Rosenmühle from Adensen drowned.
The rose mill remained in operation until the death of the mill owner Otto Alrutz in 1958. In 1960 the mill was leased to the "Kraftzuckerwerk Rosenmühle, Carl Göhmann KG". Elsa Müller, Otto Alrutz's widow, married Gerhard Hallensleben in 1963. From 1972 to 1978 the Rosenmühle belonged to Johanna Kohrs geb. Remer. Mrs. Kohrs tried in vain to set up a campsite there. Her efforts failed because she was not financially able to build a sewage treatment plant for the camping guests.
On February 1, 1978, the Christian Youth Village Association in Germany bought the Rosenmühle buildings and expanded them for their purposes. From 1979 the CJD Youth Village School in Elze used the Rosenmühle building as a boarding school and training center for students with learning and performance problems. After the boarding school is closed, the Rosenmühle buildings will be used as residential buildings.
At the initiative of the State of Lower Saxony, the European Union participated in the funding of the project: "The creation of ecological continuity in the Haller an der Rosenmühle near Adensen." As part of the "Profil 2007 to 2013" program for funding in the rural area of Lower Saxony / Bremen, a fish ladder was built near the Rosenmühle in the Haller.
Rule of the Adenoys family
In Adensen in the 10th century, the rule began Adenoys . It was practiced by the noble family of Adenoys until March 9, 1322 . Thidericus de Adenoys became a co-founder of the Loccum monastery , but died before the monastery was completed. He was reburied in the chapter house of the monastery in 1267 ; his tombstone with a Latin inscription is preserved there (inscription: "Here is buried the knight Tidericus of Adenoys, our sincere friend"). The von Adenoys family ruled in Adensen from about 1124 to 1322. Their rule was limited to Adensen, the neighboring villages and the later desolate places Pussensen and Bodensen.
Hallerburg inherits the rule of Adenoy
Because Johann II of Adenoys remained without sons, on March 9, 1322 he returned his fiefdoms to the Bishop of Minden Gottfried von Waldeck . The Bishop of Minden then lent the feudal property to Count Gerhard von Hallermunt, the grandson of Johann II. Von Adenoys. With this, the tasks of the court and the administration of the former rule of Adenoy passed to the Counts of Hallermunt in Hallerburg .
Desolation
During the desolation period from the 12th to the 14th centuries, the courtyard buildings in Bodensen and Pussensen fell into desolation . The reason was the transfer of the originally free farms in Lehnsland and later in Meierland, which was dependent on the landlord . As a replacement for the abandoned courtyards, large efficient Meierhöfe were built in Adensen and near Hallerburg. The desert areas Bodensen and Pussensen were localized and described by Achim Gercke with the help of field name research, but they were not archaeologically researched (as of 2015).
The desert of Bodensen
Because of the swampy location around the Haller, the local farmers lived in the village of Bodensen , which was located in the north of the Hallertal in a higher location near the old military road to Hanover and Göttingen. Here there were springs and a meadow area that was traversed by a stream. From Bodensen, the farmers cleared the forest on the valley slope and then cultivated the resulting field marrow , which led down the gentle slope to the Haller. The Böhnser Weg , mentioned in a document in 1369, crossed Heerstraße and went as a church path to St. Dionysius Church in the neighboring village of Adensen.
The village of Bodensen was founded because of the ending in the place name -sen (= group settlement ) during the expansion period (Old Saxon land expansion in the early medieval clearing period between 500 and 800 AD). Bodensen is mentioned in medieval documents in the years 1300, 1322 and 1344. Around 1360 the farmers gave up Bodensen and moved to the village of Hallerburg, founded around 1360, which was built next to Hallerburg Castle. The reason for the abandonment of Bodensen was the transfer of the originally free farms in Lehnsland and later in Meierland, which was dependent on the landlord. As a replacement for the abandoned courtyards, large, efficient Meierhöfe were built in Hallerburg. This led to the creation of the village of Hallerburg .
Hallerburg Castle on Hallerinsel
It is not known when Hallerburg Castle was built. It was first mentioned in a document in 1362. The Duke Wilhelm of Braunschweig and Lüneburg, a Guelph , had the "Hallerburg" castle built on the Hallerinsel so that the deposit duty and road duty could be levied on those passing through. On both sides of the passage to the village of Hallerburg, four Meierhöfe were built as forecourts to secure this access to the castle. In 1365, Duke Wilhelm of Braunschweig and Lüneburg acquired these four outbuildings that were supposed to protect his castle. The "Hallerburg" was just an investment for him. When he lacked money, he borrowed money from a nobleman and gave him the "Hallerburg" as a deposit lock. His income from the castle consisted mainly of customs at the Haller crossing, the taxes of the four Meierhöfe and the tithe tax from the field mark of the former village of Bodensen, which were now managed by the farmers in Hallerburg.
Hallerburg Castle was destroyed in the Hildesheim collegiate feud in 1519 . Until 1970 you could see a square with a side length of almost fifty meters surrounded by ditches.
The Adenser Gohe and the Gohgräfe in Adensen and Hallerburg
After the destruction of the Hallerburg, the tasks of the court and the administration of the former rule of Adenoy for the years 1523 to 1852 were transferred to the Welf Office of Calenberg. During this time the "Adenser Gohe" existed, which included the places Adensen, Alferde, Boitzum, Hallerburg, Holtensen, Sorsum, Wittenburg, Wülfingen and Wülfinghausen. In Adensen from 1523 to 1609 an administrative, documentary and court clerk, the so-called Gohgräfe, worked for the "Adenser Gohe" . From 1610 to 1852 the "Gohgräfe" worked in Hallerburg. Since 1668 he no longer worked there in his private house, but in the office building.
In 1852 the "Adenser Gohe" was dissolved. The Calenberg Office was then responsible for the administration of Adensen and Hallerburg and the Calenberg District Court for judicial matters . In 1885 the district of Springe was formed from the offices of Calenberg and Springe. The district court of Calenberg was merged with the district court of Elze in 1939 .
The baptismal font from 1607
Paul Voss, Gohgräfe der Adenser Gohe from 1589 to 1615, lived in Adensen in the Pfarrkötnerei on the property Neustadt 22, on which Ulrich Reichert's house stands today. In 1605, Duke Heinrich Julius prescribed him the Gohgräfschaft Adensen as a mortgage for 800 Reichsthaler (that was 2,400 marks at the time). Two years later, in 1607, he and his wife Margarete Brandes donated the baptismal font for the church in Adensen.
The baptismal font with a round base and hexagonal baptismal font was made by the master stonemason with the signature "MB". Nothing is known today about this master stonemason; Back then, his workshop mark was a guarantee of exceptional quality. His workshop was probably in the Leinebergland because there are other baptismal fonts with the signature "MB" in the churches of Möllensen (1607), Sibesse (1607) and Eberholzen (1611).
The inscription on the baptismal font names the two donors of this baptismal font Pauwel Vos Hogreue zu Adens (= Paul Voss, Gohgräfe zu Adensen) Margarete Brandes SEHF 1607 (Margarete Brandes his married housewife 1607). The underside of the baptismal font is provided with cherubin heads in bas-relief . These angels carry the baptismal font, so to speak, which is so large that children could be immersed in the water of the baptismal bowl hidden there during the baptism - as was customary in the past. The coat of arms of the founder and five panels with baptismal sayings from the Bible are carved on the six sides of the baptismal font. The baptismal motto Let the little children come to me and do not defend them from the Gospel of Mark, chapter 10, verse 13 in the choice of words of the Luther Bible used at that time is on one of the tablets that justify the baptism of children .
Under the year 1607 and under the coat of arms, the round base of the baptismal font has faces carved into it, possibly depicting the faces of the founders Margarete Brandes and Paul Voss. To the right of it, a grim lion looks at the portal of the church at the tower, which is supposed to monitor the entrance to the church and keep all evil away from the baptized and the churchgoers.
From around 1700 the font had a cover that was adapted to the font surface and covered with red fabric, tapered to a point at the top and was crowned by a turned knob. This lid still existed in 1935. In 1967 the young girls' group donated a baptismal jug and a flat baptismal bowl with a lid.
Plague time
In 1626 the plague raged in Adensen and Hallerburg. The pastor Henricus Dreveler was originally an Adensian shepherd boy. He was trained as a pastor through donations and at the expense of the Adensen parish. He was pastor in Marienthal from 1614 to 1619 and, after the death of his father-in-law and predecessor in office Walter Lange, worked as pastor in Adensen from 1619 to 1626. He cared for those suffering from the plague and died of the plague himself in 1626, as the parishes report. Out of gratitude, the parish used the phrase Ein Dinck kimpt Selzen (= a thing comes strange = it comes differently than expected) as an inscription in the vault of the church.
Witch hunt
On January 22, 1653 Hans Rieke complained of Adensen the wife of Hans Hartmann at the Office of the Calenberg damage spell on. After torture and trial, she was strangled and burned on August 5, 1653 on the Teufelsberg near Elze .
The conflagration of October 4, 1667 in Hallerburg
Hallerburg expanded through the construction of Kötnerei. In the 16th century, the division of three Meierhöfe resulted in six Kötnerei . On October 4, 1667, a fire broke out that laid four farms to rubble and ashes and destroyed a large part of Hallerburg. Later three farms were rebuilt; the fourth farm was only built in 1877, after the lands of this farm had been leased for 210 years. The arable land of the Hallerburger Höfe in 1982 totaled 226.15 hectares .
The end of the old military road
From 1768 to 1770 the old Heerstraße was replaced by the Göttinger Chaussee, the current Bundesstraße 3 . It was led along the Adenser Berg above Adensen and Hallerburg. In the coupling of 1875, the route of the old Heerstraße in the Feldmark was removed. It ran in Hallerburg over the streets "Burgweg", "Hallerstraße" and "Am Tiergarten".
The Hallerburger Kirchweg
For five hundred years there was no connection road from Hallerburg to Adensen. Only a footpath through the fields was used. This Patschweg was called "Hallerburger Kirchweg". It began in Hallerburg on the corner of the "Hirtenweg" and "Grenzweg" and led through the Feldmark to the street "Am Pfarrkamp" in Adensen. Later the "Hallerburger Kirchweg" was plowed up to the chagrin of the users.
Hallerstrasse in Hallerburg
The thoroughfare that led from Adensen through Hallerburg and from there to Alferde until 1970 was not built until the middle of the 19th century. If you stand today on "Hallerstraße" at the location of the former Hallerbrücke, you can see the former course of the northern Hallerarm towards the east between the farms, which turned right to the southern Hallerarm in the east of Hallerburg next to the Vollmeierhof Severin. If you look south on the K 505 bypass, you can see between two rows of trees the former course of the northern Haller arm to the southern Haller arm, in which the Haller now flows.
Christmas carol from Adensen
Since 1889 in the St. Dionysius Church Adensen every year during the Christmas Vespers on Christmas Eve the song Holy night, you turn away again sung. This Christmas carol is based on the poem Christmas by the Brandenburg poet Ferdinand Brunold (1811–1894). The romantic melody was composed by Wilhelm Heiser (1816–1897) under the name Opus 344 . The Christmas carol, shaped by the music of the Romantic era , harmonizes with the romantic intonation of the Furtwängler organ and with the neo-Gothic interior of the church that was created at the same time .
Planned small train
In 1896 there was a plan to build a 22.3 km long small train with a 1.00 m wide gauge from Nordstemmen station via Barnten , Schulenburg , Adensen, Hallerburg , Alferde , Eldagsen and Alvesrode to Springe , which would serve both passenger traffic and should serve the transport of goods. The small train was supposed to transport 100,000 passengers and 30,000 tons of goods (including sugar beets for the Nordstemmen sugar factory) annually. The street space of the new town in Adensen was laid out particularly wide so that the planned small train could run alongside the street. The construction of the small train failed due to objections from the city of Eldagsen and its farmers, who did not want to tolerate a railway in their urban area. The railway line was also not allowed to run through the urban area of Eldagsen; the result was that the station of the then town of Eldagsen was built far away in Völksen as Völksen-Eldagsen station.
The old cemetery
The old cemetery is still surrounded by the stone cemetery wall. Opposite the western entrance to the church there used to be a gate in the cemetery wall, which is now walled up. A hundred years ago the pastor and sexton used the gate on their way from the rectory and from the sexton to the church. The sexton's house used to be on Böhnke's current property. The old cemetery was originally larger than it is today. To the south of the cemetery, Wilhelm Gehrke received a wide strip of the cemetery in 1926 for the construction of a barn for his farm. For this purpose, the southern wall was moved so that the current alley called "Käsewinkel" was created between the cemetery wall and the barn. The western wall of the cemetery was preserved in Böhnke's garden. This part of the wall still shows how big the old cemetery was before the wall was built.
Cenotaph for the fallen
After the First World War, the memorial for those who died in the war was erected next to the church, whose names have since faded. In the parish archive is the memorial book of the fallen, in which the names and biographies of the fallen are recorded. Several oaks were planted around the memorial. There is the place for the address and for the laying of the wreath after the service on Memorial Day . Confirmands later planted the linden trees that still surround the old cemetery today.
Image "Faith, Love, Hope"
When building the barn on the old cemetery, Wilhelm Gehrke was obliged to place the picture "Faith, Love, Hope" on the side of the barn facing the church with the symbols cross (faith), heart (love) and anchor (hope = to fix oneself to God) to attach. The picture refers to the Bible text in 1 Corinthians : “For now there remain faith, hope, love, these three; but the greatest of them is love ”( 1 Cor 13:13 EU ). The building bears the inscription on the front of the street: “W. Gehrke, E. Gehrke b. Hunze 1923. “The barn was converted into a residential house from 1995 to 1996 by the Latniak family. The second inscription on the front of the house reminds of this: "Rebuilt family Latniak 1995-1996."
The new cemetery
Originally the old cemetery surrounded the church. In 1890 this old cemetery was replaced by a larger cemetery in the north of the village with large hereditary burials for the von Adensen and Hallerburg families. This cemetery is surrounded by a surrounding brick wall. At the entrance there is a brick archway with the hand-forged cemetery gate. The avenue leading from Adensen to the cemetery was planted as a symbol of the village community by the church council and the local associations in Adensen and Hallerburg.
On the left in the cemetery is the Angel of Hope , a former grave monument that was provided with the inscription on the base in 2013: Under God's wings you will find refuge (Psalm 91: 4). The angel of hope looks up to God, presses the cross to his heart and extends his right hand in blessing. At the feet of the angel there is a place for row graves of urns. The monument is under monument protection .
Memorial bell for the victims of the bombing on November 18, 1944
In 1920 two bells were cast by the Ulrich bell foundry in Apolda . The inscription reminds of this: Ulrich & Weule . Apolda & Bockenem 1920. Since no bronze was available at the time, steel was used. That was the second choice, because steel bells don't sound as noble as bronze bells. After a few decades of use in another church, it was found that its steel bell broke apart when it was rung because there were air pockets in the body of the steel bell. Part of the bell flew out of the bell tower and killed a pedestrian. That was the reason that the two steel bells in Adensen were removed in 1977 as a precaution. Both steel bells rang on November 18, 1944, when a bomber dropped one last bomb on Adensen before the end of World War II , destroying homes and killing eight residents. A mother who died in the process saved her child because she had thrown herself protectively on her child.
In the summer of 2003, when both steel bells were about to be disposed of, the church council took back one bell and placed it next to the church choir to commemorate the victims of the bombing. The bell received the inscription: In memory of the victims of the bombing on November 18, 1944 .
Regulation of the Haller and construction of the K 505 district road
Hallerburg was regularly flooded during floods because the northern arm of the Haller flowed through the middle of the now densely built-up village. It was not until 1970 that the K 505 district road was built as a bypass road for Adensen and Hallerburg. The northern arm of the Haller was shut down, the southern arm of the Haller was diked on the outskirts of Hallerburg and the K 505 was led past the dyke height on the south side of Hallerburg. Since then, the K 505 has passed through the former location of the Hallerburg. On the side of the road, only a few remains of the Hallerburg foundation are visible between the grasses.
Joint participation of the towns of Hallerburg and Adensen
The citizens of Hallerburg and Adensen have been attending church services in the St. Dionysius Church in Adensen since the church was built ; they use the village shop , the handicraft businesses, the companies, the sports field, the multi-purpose hall, the school and the day-care center in Adensen . This created close partnerships, which can also be seen in the shared participation in the clubs and village festivals. During the territorial reform, both places decided to join the unified municipality of Nordstemmen . The farmers said at the time that the advantage of Nordstemmen was the sugar factory; it is important for local farmers.
Preservation of Hallerburg and Adensen's own identity
The own identity of both places should be preserved. That is why the free land between Adensen and Hallerburg was not built on. Both places received their own electoral chambers and their own political representatives: Adensen his local council with the local mayor and Hallerburg his mayor.
literature
- Georg Ernst Rüling: Investigation against Hans Hartmann's wife from Adensen 1653. In: Excerpts of some strange witch trials from the middle of the 17th century in the Principality of Calenberg. Pp. 53-80. Published by Dieterich, Göttingen 1786.
- Burchard Christian von Spilcker : Contributions to the history of the noble lords of Adenoys. In: Vaterländisches Archiv für Hannoverisch-Braunschweigische Geschichte, year 1833, vol. I., page 4.
- Schambach: Adensen and the surrounding districts, reaching up to the leash in the SE. Series of publications: "Areas in the Kingdom of Hanover . 1857–1865 without location information.
- Brinckmann: The camp near Nordstemmen during the concentration of the 10th Federal Army Corps in 1858. Pictures and humor from camp life. Schlueter's Hofbuchdruckerei, Hanover 1858.
- Brief description of the field maneuvers carried out by the X Federal Army Corps during Concentration in 1858. Court printing of the Jänecke brothers, Hanover 1858.
- August Kreipe: Historical memorials in the Leinetal from Elze to Alt-Calenberg Gerstenberg, Hildesheim 1926
- August Kreipe: Adensen-Hallerburg. Village history from the country between Deister and Leine. Gerstenberg, Hildesheim 1927.
- Werner Spieß : The Grand Bailiwick of Calenberg. Studies and preparatory work for the Historical Atlas of Lower Saxony, issue 14. Göttingen 1933.
- Achim Gercke : Adensen and Hallerburg. The history of Adenoy's rule in the Calenberger Lande. From the farmer's fiefs and the creation of the Meierhöfe to the present day. Self-published, Adensen 1985.
- Achim Gercke: Adensen and Hallerburg. The history of the farms and houses and their owners . Hanover 1990 (German Ortssippenbücher. Series B, Volume 64. Special publication 23rd Lower Saxony Regional Association for Family Studies.)
- Klaus Michael Gäbler: Parish of Adensen. In: 450 years of the Reformation in the Calenberger Land. Festschrift for the anniversary in 1992. Published by the Lutheran church district Laatzen-Pattensen. Selbstverlag, Laatzen 1992. pp. 119–121.
- Herbert Pfeiffer: Professions in Adensen. Self-published by Adensen 2008.
- Herbert Pfeiffer: half-timbered houses in Adensen. Self-published by Adensen 2008.
- Herbert Pfeiffer: Half-timbered houses in Hallerburg and the rose mill. Self-published by Adensen 2008.
- Herbert Pfeiffer: Sankt Dionysiuskirche Adensen. Self-published by Adensen 2008.
- Herbert Pfeiffer: Road and canal construction in Adensen and the surrounding area. Self-published by Adensen 2008.
Individual evidence
- ↑ The Alte Heerstraße ran over two fords of the Haller near Hallerburg , as there was a Haller island there. The Alte Heerstraße was relocated to the current route of the Bundesstraße 3 between 1768 and 1770 and expanded into the Chaussee .
- ^ Wilhelm Kleeberg: Lower Saxony mill history. Buchdruckerei und Verlag Hermann Bösmann GMBH, Detmold 1964. Pages 140–141. - Achim Gercke: Adensen and Hallerburg. The history of the farms and houses and their owners . Hanover 1990 (Deutsche Ortssippenbücher. Series B, Volume 64. Special publication 23rd Lower Saxony Regional Association for Family Studies.) Pages 87-89.
- ^ Achim Gercke: The agricultural structural change in the 14th century. The cause of the desert period and the formation of the Meierhof in the Calenberger Land. Hildesheim 1972 (Lower Saxony Yearbook for State History, 44).
- ↑ Literature: Gisela Aye, Axel Chr. Kronenberg: baptismal font and baptismal angel in Lower Saxony. From the end of the Thirty Years War to the middle of the 19th century. Schnell & Steiner publishing house, Regensburg 2006, ISBN 3-7954-1907-7 (Adiaphora 5). - Leif Mennrich: The baptismal font in Adensen was 400 years old. In: Springer Yearbook 2007 for the city and the old district of Springe. Ed .: Friends of the town history of Springe eV - Springe. 2007, pp. 64-66.
- ↑ Proof: Photo IFDN 1444 from the photo archive Photo Marburg from 1935.
- ↑ Personal data in the catalog of the German National Library
- ↑ Source: August Kreipe: Adensen-Hallerburg . Hildesheim 1927. The trial against Mrs. Hartmann is described here: Georg Ernst Rüling: Investigation against Hans Hartmann's wife from Adensen 1653. In: Excerpts of some strange witch trials from the middle of the 17th century in the principality of Calenberg. Pp. 53-80. Published by Dieterich, Göttingen 1786.
- ↑ Source: Explanatory report for a small train from Springe to Barnten and Nordstemmen. Ed .: Das Landesdirektorium, author: Lichtenberg. JC Erhardt printing works, Springe 1896. Visible in the Goettingen State and University Library.
- ↑ "Angel statue restored." Weekly newspaper of the unified community Nordstemmen: "Die Woche", Volume 30, No. 39 of Thursday, September 26, 2013, page 1.