Poppenburg Castle
| Poppenburg Castle | ||
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 Poppenburg on the banks of the Leine in Burgstemmen |
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| Creation time : | around 1049 | |
| Castle type : | Höhenburg, location | |
| Conservation status: | Receive | |
| Standing position : | Counts, clericals | |
| Place: | Burgstemmen | |
| Geographical location | 52 ° 8 '51.8 " N , 9 ° 46' 5.6" E | |
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The Poppenburg is located in the Lower Saxon town of Burgstemmen above the Leine and on federal road 1 .
In the Middle Ages , the Höhenburg strategically dominated the traffic on the old Hellweg between Minden and Hildesheim ( Hellweg before Santforde ), which was an important trade route from the Rhineland to Central Germany in the Middle Ages due to its location on a hill above the Leine crossing . At times, the river Leine formed the border between the Principality of Hildesheim and the Diocese of Minden and later to the Principality of Calenberg . The Poppenburg was one of the old royal castles that protected the Leine valley and thus the route to the city of Hildesheim and the area of the bishopric and prince-bishopric of Hildesheim. The bridge near Poppenburg was first mentioned on January 13, 1251. The time when the castle was built is unknown. It was inhabited by the Poppenburg family.
History of the castle
Emperor Heinrich III. In 1049 he gave the estate (praedium) near Bobbenburg , which Duke Bernhard II of Saxony had given him, to Bishop Azelin and thus to the Diocese of Hildesheim . The castle was then in the county of a count named Bruno and in the Gau Valen. Two years later (1051), Emperor Heinrich III. the diocese of Hildesheim the county rights in six districts (pagis), including Valen, and eleven public parishes (publicis aecclesiarum parochiis). Through this transfer, the castle came into the possession of the Hildesheim diocese. The Hildesheimer Necrologium mentions on the death of Heinrich III: “Henricus imp. dedit dimidiam partem castelli Poppenburg ad praebendam fratrum ”.
Over the centuries, the castle complex has been expanded and renovated many times. Extensive construction work took place in the 13th century, when the Counts of Poppenburg died out and the Hildesheim bishopric became the owners of the Poppenburg again. The castle was first mentioned in a document in 1227. Konrad II von Riesenberg , Bishop of Hildesheim (1221–1246) built the Poppenburg as a fortification during his tenure and gave it to Count Hermann von Wohldenberg as a fief in 1226 . In 1240 the bishop succeeded in acquiring the Spiegelberger share in the Poppenburg; then he put Bodo von Ilten as bailiff for the administration of the episcopal part of the castle. The bailiff made sure that no unjust tariffs were levied on the Leinebrücke and that merchants' wagon transports were not hindered. Konrad II and later Otto I of Braunschweig-Lüneburg , Bishop of Hildesheim (1260–1279), often resided at the castle in the middle of the 13th century and issued documents there. Konrad II had a new residential wing built.
In the 14th century, Otto II von Woldenberg , Bishop of Hildesheim (1319–1331), took care of protecting Poppenburg against fire and had the residential building and the small tower covered with stone slabs. Gerhard von Berg , Bishop of Hildesheim (1365–1398), after the feud with Magnus I , Duke of the Duchy of Braunschweig-Lüneburg from 1345 to 1369, built the mighty residential tower-like palace in 1367 in the south of the castle complex .
As a result of the Hildesheim collegiate feud , the Poppenburg fell to the Principality of Calenberg in 1523 and lost its strategic importance. Due to the Hildesheim main recession of 1643, the main part of the large monastery was returned to the prince-bishopric, which resulted in extensive renovation work on the castle complex. The castle church was re-Catholicized and remained the parish church for the surrounding villages until a modern new parish church was built in Nordstemmen in 1971 .
In contrast to the Palas, the residential wing of the castle is only two-story and has a narrow basic shape. The barrel and ribbed vaults of the cellar, the different types of construction in the roof structure , on the eaves and the former half-timbered extension on the stair tower indicate that the residential wing was created in different construction phases. During the renovation and reconstruction work after the Thirty Years War , the building was combined into the current unit.
An inscription plaque with the year 1679 and the baroque courtyard entrance with the coat of arms of Elector Maximilian Heinrich of Bavaria (1650 to 1688) have been preserved.
The floor plan of the castle from 1774 still shows the closed castle complex with wall and keep despite the renovations . Under Prince-Bishop Friedrich Wilhelm von Westphalen , Bishop of Hildesheim from 1763 to 1789, the palace, formerly used as a brewery , was converted into a Catholic church. The flat arched doors of the building bear the date 1785, the time of the renovation. 1786 took place the consecration of after St. Joseph of Nazareth named church. During the renovation work under Prince-Bishop Friedrich Wilhelm, the southern gatehouse, the keep and part of the old castle wall were demolished. The quarry stones obtained were used to build the new brewery and the surrounding wall of a newly established vegetable growing business.
An elongated half-timbered house was built around 1790 on the remains of the foundations of the broken castle wall. The magistrates' room and the prison room were on the ground floor of the southern part, while the upper floor was assigned to the Catholic pastor as an apartment. The northern half of the building protruding into the courtyard was used for commercial purposes.
The Amtsrat Rudolf Koch was in 1903 expand the living wing with modified axial direction and a tower-like extension.
In 1964 the Diakonische Werke Hildesheim bought the residential wing and the property with the castle courtyard and park. After extensive renovations of the residential building, demolition of the half-timbered extension and the half-timbered veranda on the basement floor, women with mild to moderate mental disabilities have been living here in community since 1967.
Since 2010 the castle church St. Joseph belongs to the catholic parish in Sarstedt .
literature
- Ernst Andreas Friedrich : The Poppenburg near Nordstemmen , pp. 88–89, in: If stones could talk. Volume IV, Landbuch-Verlag, Hannover 1998, ISBN 3-7842-0558-5
- Hans-Wilhelm Heine : The prehistoric and early historical castle walls in the administrative district of Hanover. Hannover 2000, ISBN 3-7752-5645-8 , p. 129.
- Margret Zimmermann, Hans Kensche: Castles and palaces in Hildesheimer Land . Hildesheim, 2001, pp. 120-121
- Hans Maresch, Doris Maresch: Poppenburg Castle . In: Lower Saxony's palaces, castles and mansions. Husum Verlag, Husum 2012, ISBN 978-389876-604-3 , pp. 64-65
Web links
- Entry by Gudrun Pischke zu Poppenburg near Burgstemmen in the scientific database " EBIDAT " of the European Castle Institute
- Reconstruction drawing of the state in the 18th century
- History of the parish of Poppenburg
Individual evidence
- ↑ Margret Zimmermann / Hans Kensche: Burgen und Schlösser im Hildesheimer Land, 1st edition Hildesheim: Lax, 1998, p. 96 and p. 127, ISBN 3-8269-6280-X
- ↑ Document book of the Hochstift Hildesheim, p. 82 ff., Document No. 82/83 (two versions) from June 4, 1042
- ↑ Document book of the Hochstift Hildesheim, p. 85/86, document No. 86 from Nov. 1051
- ↑ Stefan Branahl: A strategic place, also for the glory of God. In: KirchenZeitung , issue 41/2018 of October 14, 2018, p. 11
- ↑ Maresch, Hans and Doris: Lower Saxony's palaces, castles & mansions as a book title with table of contents from the Husum publishing group