Grossmuehlingen
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Grossmuehlingen
Bördeland municipality
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| Area : | 12.75 km² | |
| Residents : | 1059 (Dec. 31, 2006) | |
| Population density : | 83 inhabitants / km² | |
| Incorporation : | December 29, 2007 | |
Location in Saxony-Anhalt |
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Großmühlingen is a district of the municipality of Bördeland in the Salzlandkreis in Saxony-Anhalt . Until December 28, 2007, Großmühlingen was an independent municipality. The place has 1059 inhabitants on an area of 12.75 km² (December 31, 2006).
geography
The local area of Großmühlingen is located in the southeast of the profitable Magdeburg Börde , 7 km from the nearest town Schönebeck (Elbe) . The place is surrounded by gently undulating agricultural terrain, which has an average height of about 75 m above sea level . The highest point is the 111 m high vineyard to the southeast . The Großmühlinger Graben flows through the northern town center and, coming from Eickendorf , flows into the Sol Canal, which flows past 3 km to the east.
history
Development up to the 14th century
Großmühlingen's settlement history goes back to the 4th century when the West Germanic Thuringians settled the place, which was later documented as "mulinga". This happened for the first time with the document of King Otto I of September 13, 936, with which part of the income of the village Mulinga was transferred to the Quedlinburg Abbey . Already in the 8th century the place was the seat of a thing place . The center of the county of Mühlingen, founded by Charlemagne in 803, developed from the Germanic cluster village in Northern Thuringia . Standing under the rule of the Halberstadt diocese , the county was initially left as a fiefdom to the Margrave Gero . From 1034 the fiefdom passed to the Ascanians under Albrecht the Bear . Other feudal lords were the Counts of Dornburg (around 1130) and the Counts of Arnstein (from 1240). Under Count Bedrich II (reign from 1204 to 1240), Eike von Repgow , author of the Sachsenspiegel , was, according to a document from October 15, 1233, lay judge at the Count's Court in Mühlingen. According to unconfirmed sources, Repgow is said to have also written parts of the Sachsenspiegel at Mühlingen Castle. A Niederungsburg is believed to have existed as early as the 12th century; a moated castle is first mentioned in documents in 1318. This was built in the same year by the Archbishop of Magdeburg Burchard III. destroyed, a punitive action because Count Albrecht from Mühlingen had allied himself with the rebellious Magdeburg citizens. After the feud was over, Albrecht had it rebuilt, now as a castle. A distinction was made between large and small Mühlingen as early as 1271, after the Slavic inhabitants of the neighboring town of Gorenitz had been ousted by Germanic settlers and were now called Klein Mühlingen.
From the Reformation to the 19th century
In 1531 Count Wolfgang I had the Groß Mühlingen Castle rebuilt in the Renaissance style and made it the county residence. In 1538, Count Wolfgang I introduced the Reformation to the county of Mühlingen . As the first Protestant pastor, Vinzens Engel was installed in Groß Mühlingen in 1547. During the Thirty Years' War , the place was plundered and devastated on January 6, 1632 by the imperial troops under Pappenheim . The castle also fell victim to the destruction. Groß Mühlingen was given up again as the county residence. When the place was looted again in the summer of 1635, the inhabitants fled to the neighboring salt . Before the end of the war, most of the residents returned in 1640, and schooling was resumed in 1643. Until the 1670s the village grew steadily, in 1674 it had about 320 inhabitants. It had three free estates , and there were nine farms and 24 kossaten farms . After the Arnstein dynasty died out, the county, which in the meantime only consisted of Groß- and Klein Mühlingen, fell back to the Ascanians ( Anhalt ) in 1659 . When Prince Karl Wilhelm von Anhalt-Zerbst acquired the two Mühlingen in 1669 , the former county had already been converted into the "Mühlingen Office".
In 1774, Prince Friedrich August of Anhalt-Zerbst initiated the settlement of Jewish families in his domain. 64 Jews settled in Groß Mühlingen and in 1806 they built a synagogue in the village center. As early as 1796, 681 inhabitants were counted in the place. During the time of the Kingdom of Westphalia (1807-1813) established by Napoleon , the Anhalt office of Mühlingen was enclosed as an exclave by the kingdom. This situation continued when Prussia founded the Calbe district in 1816 . Duke Alexius granted Groß Mühlingen market rights in 1829, from which a cattle and goods market developed. When the Bernburg ducal line died out in 1863, the Mühlingen office was added to the newly founded Duchy of Anhalt .
In the meantime the industrial revolution had begun in Germany . In Groß Mühlingen, which was previously a purely agricultural area, it first became noticeable from 1847 onwards when the nearby Alexander Carl, God's blessing, good hope and Gnadenhütte were exposed. Duke Alexander Carl initially prevented the construction of the Magdeburg – Leipzig railway via the Anhalt-Bernburg Duchy, so that from 1839 to 1857 the closest train station to Groß Mühlingen was eight kilometers away in Schönebeck. It was only with the opening of the Schönebeck – Güsten railway line that rail traffic moved closer to Groß Mühlingen with the Eickendorf station just two kilometers away . Between 1866 and 1869 the roads to Schönebeck and Eggersdorf were expanded. In the meantime the village had grown so rich that it could afford to build a new church in the neo-Gothic style in 1882.
From the 20th century to the present
In 1910 the town had a population of 1,480, which sank again until the outbreak of World War II and in 1939 was only 1,352. The Second World War ended for Groß Mühlingen in mid-April 1945 when American troops passed the town on their way to Magdeburg. After a short period of British occupation, Groß Mühlingen was from July 1, 1945 in the area of the Soviet occupation zone , which on October 7, 1949 became the East German state of the German Democratic Republic (GDR) . In the course of the land reform decreed by the Soviet occupying forces, several farms in Groß Mühlingen were expropriated from 1945, including the castle domain and the manor. The property was parceled out and distributed to smallholders. The castle was also expropriated and transferred to municipal property. Through a district reform carried out in 1950, Groß Mühlingen became part of the newly formed Schönebeck district . In 1951 the Groß Mühlingen residents Rudi Rose and Theodor Wesche were sentenced to death for supporting the West Berlin Combat Group against Inhumanity and executed in Moscow. When the GDR started to cooperate in agriculture in 1962, the Agricultural Production Cooperative (LPG) Max Reimann was founded in Groß Mühlingen in the same year . Under state pressure, the village was "fully cooperative" in 1962, but before that several farmers had fled to the Federal Republic. In 1964 the village had 1,484 inhabitants. In the 1970s, the LPG merged with neighboring cooperatives to form the Cooperative Plant Production Department (KAP) . Measures were taken to improve the infrastructure, but a number of buildings also fell into disrepair. The church had to be abandoned in 1975 due to major structural damage.
After German reunification , Groß Mühlingen and the district of Schönebeck came to the state of Saxony-Anhalt and at the same time was renamed "Großmühlingen". Agriculture was re-privatized, including a private agricultural cooperative and an agricultural limited liability company. In 1994 the castle was sold to private owners. In 1996 the reconstruction of the dilapidated church began, which was supported from 2005 by a church building association. With effect from December 29, 2007, Großmühlingen with its 1,059 inhabitants was incorporated into the newly created unified municipality of Bördeland . In 2009 the district had 1,026 inhabitants and 64 traders were active.
politics
coat of arms
Blazon : "In blue a left-facing silver eagle with golden armor and red tongue."
Großmühlingen has the old Mühlinger eagle of the Counts of Barby and Mühlingen in its coat of arms. This eagle was originally silver on a red shield. In the later Anhalt state coat of arms, the eagle was in field 10, remained silver, but turned to the left on a blue shield. This coat of arms and tinging, which has been in use for over 300 years, was adopted for the current local coat of arms. It was designed in 1995 by the municipal heraldist Jörg Mantzsch and brought into the approval process.
partnership
Since 1990 there has been a partnership with the Burgdorf district of Otze in Lower Saxony.
Culture and sights
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- The plum cake market has been held in Großmühlingen in September since 1829. It goes back to the market rights granted in 1829.
- Großmühlingen Renaissance Castle
- The Church of St. Petri was built at the end of the 19th century in neo -Gothic style on the site of a medieval building.
Transport links
Two district roads meet in Großmühlingen. The K 1292 connects the district with the two neighboring towns of Eickendorf (Bördeland) and Eggersdorf (Bördeland) and continues to Schönebeck. The K 1298 connects Großmühlingen and Kleinmühlingen and meets Landesstraße 65 near Kleinmühlingen, which takes you to Calbe (Saale) . The federal autobahn 14 ( Magdeburg - Halle ) leads west past Großmühlingen. It can be reached via junction 7 Schönbeck, eight kilometers away. The nearest train station is in Eickendorf on the Schönebeck– Güsten line .
Personalities
- Jacob Lüdecke (1625–1696), lawyer, bailiff zu Giebichenstein and Pfänner zu Halle
- Christian Reineccius (1668–1752), theologian and educator
- Friedrich Loose (1853–1930), theologian, writer and local researcher was a pastor in Großmühlingen and died here in 1930. A memorial was erected for him in the village.
literature
- Friedrich Loose: From Großmühlingen's past, Verlag E. Dünnhaupt, Dessau 1903
- Friedrich Loose and project group of the church building association St.Petri Großmühlingen: Mega mulinga - a typical farming village: Research on the local and family history of Großmühlingen and the Magdeburg Börde . Magdeburg: Arbeitsgemeinschaft für Genealogie 2011 (= family research today special volume 10), ISBN 978-3-942235-09-9 .
Individual evidence
Web links
Beers | Eggersdorf | Eickendorf | Großmühlingen | Kleinmühlingen | Welsleben | Zens