Dornburg (Gommern)
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Dornburg
City of Gommern
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| Height : | 51 m above sea level NHN |
| Area : | 7.29 km² |
| Residents : | 255 (December 31, 2017) |
| Population density : | 35 inhabitants / km² |
| Incorporation : | January 1, 2005 |
| Postal code : | 39264 |
| Area code : | 039242 |
 
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Location of Dornburg in Saxony-Anhalt |
Dornburg (postal address Dornburg, Elbe) is a district of the city of Gommern in the district of Jerichower Land in Saxony-Anhalt .
geography
Dornburg is nine kilometers southeast of the center of Gommern. The place is away from the main traffic routes in the glacial valley of the Elbe at the height of the river kilometer 300 at 51 meters above sea level on a former Elbarm. The federal highway 184 can be reached after six kilometers in the next larger neighboring towns Dannigkow and Leitzkau . The nearest train station is in Prödel, three kilometers away, on the Magdeburg – Dessau line. The surrounding area is largely part of the Middle Elbe Biosphere Reserve .
structure
The residential areas Neuer Krug and Theuberg belonged to the former municipality of Dornburg.
history
As archaeological finds have shown, there was a Slavic settlement in the area of today's location as early as the 8th century . Dornburg was first mentioned in a document through a deed of donation in favor of the Leitzkau Monastery in 1155. A year later, Count Baderich von Dorneburg was mentioned as the owner. The first stone castle is believed to have been built at the beginning of the 12th century. From 1240, the Counts of Arnstein are lords of the castle, who tried to expand their western Elbe possessions to the east from here. Around 1300 the castle was destroyed and a new, smaller complex was built on its foundations. It came back into the possession of the Ascanian princes, who passed it on as a fief. Since Electorate challenged the legality of the askanischen suzerainty, the complaints of neighbors about the depredations of the taverns were Ulrich von Quast , vassal from about 1400, welcome to the Saxon electors occasion, in 1436, the castle to destroy again.
The facility was then sold, but the castle remained in ruins for a long time. It was not until 1523 that there were indications that the Lattorff family had become owners of a castle now further east. In 1573 Statius von Münchhausen , the builder of the Bevern and Leitzkau castles , bought the Dornburg and Groß Lübs estates from his wife Anna von Lattorf's brothers . He further expanded Dornburg Castle. In 1674 his grandson Johann von Münchhausen died without a male successor. The Princely Anhalt -Zerbstsche Rentkammer ignored the inheritance rights of his underage nephews Carl Anton Philipp and Anton Friedrich von Münchhausen and seized Dornburgs as a settled fiefdom. (A subsequent lawsuit was only dismissed by the Reich Chamber of Commerce in Wetzlar in 1738. In 1788 the Leitzkauer Münchhausen made an attempt to regain control of the Dornburgs.)
Prince Karl Wilhelm had the ruinous main building of the Dornburg manor house torn down after 1674 and replaced with a new one. The then Zerbst Prince Karl Wilhelm bequeathed Dornburg to his brother Johann Ludwig in 1684, who soon after settled here and thus established the Anhalt-Dornburg line. When he died in 1704, Dornburg Palace became a princely widow's seat and finally fell to Prince Christian August, who was born in Dornburg in 1690. He entered the Prussian military service at the age of 18 and became general and governor of the Pomeranian state capital and fortress Stettin. In 1727 he married Johanna Elisabeth von Schleswig-Holstein-Gottorf . After two years of marriage, the daughter Sophie Auguste Friederike was born, who later wrote world history as Tsarina Katharina the Great of Russia. Christian August, Prince of Anhalt-Zerbst since 1742, died in 1747, after which his wife Johanna Elisabeth took over the rule as princely regent until her son Friedrich August came of age and used the castle as a widow's residence.
On July 28, 1750, "the princely pleasure palace in Dornburg [...] fell victim to an unexpected conflagration". The princess soon decided to build a new building. It was supposed to surpass the castle in Zerbst in size and splendor and thus satisfy both her own pomp and be suitable for the eventual reception of her daughter, the Tsarina of Russia. Johanna Elisabeth commissioned Friedrich Joachim Stengel , who was born in Zerbst in 1694 and who is now the "Princely Nassau-Saarbrücken General Building Director", with the planning of this building. The realization of the project was largely in the hands of Zerbster Carl Wilhelm Christ, whom Stengel supported by letter. Construction was delayed by the Seven Years' War that broke out in 1756 . It was not until 1758 that today's Dornburg Castle on the Elbe was completed. However, not all plans could be carried out because the war meant that the funds were no longer sufficient. When in 1793 with the death of Friedrich August the Zerbst dynasty died out, Dornburg came under the rule of Anhalt-Köthen .
As of 1818, Dornburg was part of the Zerbst district, a Anhalt exclave in the Prussian Jerichow I district . In 1872 Dornburg Castle was sold to the bailiff Hühne and in 1875 a new school building was built in the village. At that time Dornburg had about 460 inhabitants.
In 1932, the SA set up a sports school in part of the castle for the physical training of their combat troops. Since the beginning of National Socialism in spring 1933, political prisoners from the Burg , Magdeburg , Schönebeck (Elbe) , Staßfurt and Zerbst districts were transferred here and brutally beaten in the remote cellars by SA and SS men until the hell of torture in August 1933 was dissolved. Until autumn 1935 the place was a military training center for the Reichswehr . A memorial to the victims of the mistreatment set up in the palace in 1962 was removed after 1990. From March 21, 1945 to April 10, 1945, one of the smallest subcamps of the Buchenwald concentration camp existed in Dornburg .
When the GDR carried out a territorial reform in 1952, contrary to other practices in the case of Dornburg, consideration was given to the historical connections and the place was left in its previous district while establishing a land connection. However, after the expropriation by the land reform , the castle was initially abandoned to decay and was already on the demolition list according to order 209 of the SMAD before it was renovated in 1967 for use as a storage facility for the Anhalt State Archives . Dornburg had 485 inhabitants in 1964.
After the German reunification, the archives left Dornburg Castle. With the State Office for Archeology , a new user moved in, who set up the State Treasury Depot in the castle. Extensive renovation work has been carried out since 2000. The depot has now moved out and the castle is for sale.
With effect from January 1, 2005, Dornburg was incorporated into the city of Gommern. It moved from the then Anhalt-Zerbst district to the Jerichower Land district.
politics
As a district of the city of Gommern, a so-called local council takes on the perception of the special interests of the place within or towards the city committees. It is made up of seven members. The local mayor acts as a further local body, currently in the hands of Hans-Jürgen Platte (independent).
coat of arms
The coat of arms was designed by the Magdeburg heraldist Ernst Albrecht Fiedler .
Attractions
The Dornburg lock on the same applies in its form of 1758 as one of the most important baroque buildings of Saxony-Anhalt. It is a three-part, aligned building with three floors. The central part, which runs over three window axes, protrudes both in plan and in height over the side wings, has a richly decorated facade and a vaulted roof shape. The architect was the general builder Friedrich Joachim Stengel from Nassau-Saarbrück.
Altwasser Kirchsee and castle
Central pavilion of the castle
Central entrance of the castle
Traces of time - door detail on the lock
Side entrance at the castle
Stairwell in the castle
Church in Dornburg
Main street and church
Altar of the church
Church gallery
Reading room in the church
Entwined spherical sundial on the castle
One of the numerous stork nests
The Dornburg Church is a baroque building, consisting of the rectangular nave, from which, contrary to church building tradition, the tower with its vaulted roof with an attached square tip protrudes on the east side. The entire building is plastered, and the nave is divided into two floors with five window axes. The interior is closed off by a mirror vault and galleries are attached to the side walls . The silver crucifix on the altar bears the dedication date September 3, 1747. The organ was built in 1756 from parts of the former castle chapel organ made in 1719. The construction of the church began in 1755, presumably according to plans by the palace architect Stengel, by the court mason Carl Wilhelm Christ, and it was inaugurated on September 3, 1758.
Sons and daughters (selection)
- Christian August von Anhalt-Zerbst (1690–1747), Prussian Field Marshal General
- Friedrich Osterloh (1755 – after 1811), architect and construction clerk in the Principality of Halberstadt
Individual evidence
- ^ City of Gommern - residents' registration office (ed.): Population figures for the unit municipality of Gommern - as of December 31, 2017 . January 28, 2019.
- ↑ Dornburg contra Münchhausen ( Memento from May 2, 2014 in the Internet Archive ) Johannes Kornow: Dornburg contra Münchhausen
- ↑ StBA: Changes in the municipalities in Germany, see 2005
