Heinrich Wilhelm von Horn
Heinrich Wilhelm von Horn (born October 31, 1762 in Warmbrunn , † October 31, 1829 in Münster ) was a Prussian lieutenant general .
Life
origin
Heinrich Wilhelm was the son of Johann Christian von Horn (1722–1797) and his wife Maria Rosine, née Becker (1724–1794).
Military background
Horn went from 17 November 1774 the Berlin cadet school and was on March 25, 1778 Corporal Corporal in the Infantry Regiment " Luck " ( Fusilier regiment no. 53) of the Prussian Army hired. With this he took part in the War of the Bavarian Succession and was second lieutenant on August 10, 1782 . From May 12, 1790, Horn was adjutant to General Franz Andreas von Favrat . In the campaign in Poland in 1794/95 he took part in the battle of Rawka and the siege of Warsaw and received the order Pour le Mérite for his services on June 6, 1794 .
Horn led a brigade of the Prussian auxiliary corps under General Yorck von Wartenburg as a lieutenant colonel in the Russian campaign in 1812 and also a brigade as a colonel near Möckern , Königswartha / Weißig and Bautzen in the wars of liberation in 1813 . His ruthless bravery and at the same time his exceptional coarseness made the " old gentleman " one of the most popular generals of the wars of liberation. On December 8, 1813, Horn received the oak leaves for the Pour le Mérite for the Battle of Leipzig .
On October 3, 1815, Horn became the commandant of Magdeburg and, on November 23, 1815, he was also inspector of the Landwehr in his administrative district . In these positions he was promoted to lieutenant general on March 30, 1817 . In 1820 Friedrich Wilhelm III. him commanding general of the VII Army Corps . In Magdeburg he became a member of the Masonic lodge Ferdinand zur Glückseligkeit in 1814 .
In 1828 Horn, who had already introduced mandatory vaccination for recruits in 1827 , made the Prussian King Friedrich Wilhelm III. draws attention to the fact that the factory areas are no longer able to recruit enough recruits due to the physical impairment of young men caused by child labor , and denounced the fact that children "are used en masse by factory entrepreneurs to work even at night ". As a result, the “ Prussian Regulation ” of 1839 forbade children under nine years of age to work, for young people it was limited to ten hours a day and forbidden entirely at night.
family
Horn's first marriage in 1790 was Wilhelmine von Holwede († 1792), daughter of Lieutenant General Friedrich Christian Karl von Holwede . The couple had the daughter Wilhelimine Karoline Auguste (1792-1816). In his second marriage, he married Regine Marie Elisabeth Wilhelmine von Raabe (1768–1800) on March 13, 1796. The later Lieutenant General Rudolf (1798–1863) emerged from this marriage . In his third marriage, he finally married Henriette Konstantia Sidonie von Blankenstein (1781-1846) in Danzig on September 13, 1802 . From this marriage came Adolfine Henriette Amape Ludowika (* 1803) - married General Eduard von Schlegel in 1824 - and Albertine Henriette Josephine Marianne (1808-1818).
Honors
- Legion of Honor on September 4, 1812
- Order of the Red Eagle II class with oak leaves on January 16, 1818
- Knight of the Order of the Black Eagle on March 14, 1828
- A fort of the Gdansk Fortress was named on September 21, 1860
- Hornstrasse in the “ Generalszug ” in Berlin-Kreuzberg (named on August 24, 1873); previously a section of Yorckstrasse , named after his superior and comrade in arms.
- Hornstrasse in Munster; Connecting road between Hammer Strasse and Geiststrasse.
- Hornstrasse in Cologne
- The infantry regiment "von Horn" (3rd Rheinisches) No. 29 was named after him on January 27, 1889
- Horn barracks in Trier
literature
- Kurt von Priesdorff : Soldier leadership . Volume 4, Hanseatische Verlagsanstalt Hamburg, undated [Hamburg], undated [1937], DNB 367632799 , pp. 84-90, no. 1243.
- Richard Wellmann : The life of Lieutenant General Heinrich Wilhelm von Horn. With a portrait and sketches. Mittler & Sohn, Berlin 1890.
- Richard von Meerheimb : Horn, Heinrich Wilhelm von . In: Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie (ADB). Volume 13, Duncker & Humblot, Leipzig 1881, p. 140.
- Leopold von Zedlitz-Neukirch : The state forces of the Prussian monarchy under Friedrich Wilhelm III. Volume 3, pp. 366f.
- Gothaisches Genealogisches Taschenbuch der Briefadeligen houses. 1916. Volume 10, Justus Perthes, Gotha 1915, p. 441.
Individual evidence
- ^ Institute for Nobility Research: Aristocratic German Freemasons in 1817. On the pages of www.adelskartei.de (accessed on June 24, 2015).
- ↑ Priesdorff (Lit.), p. 89
- ↑ Hornstrasse. In: Street name lexicon of the Luisenstädtischer Bildungsverein (near Kaupert )
personal data | |
---|---|
SURNAME | Horn, Heinrich Wilhelm von |
BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Prussian lieutenant general |
DATE OF BIRTH | October 31, 1762 |
PLACE OF BIRTH | Warmbrunn |
DATE OF DEATH | October 31, 1829 |
Place of death | Muenster |