Heinrich von Hinckeldey

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Colonel Heinrich von Hinckeldey

Heinrich Wilhelm von Hinckeldey (born October 9, 1793 in Kleinheubach , † March 7, 1852 ) was a cavalry officer from the Grand Duke of Baden .

Life

Hinckeldey came from an old noble family from Livonia . His father Johann Philipp von Hinckeldey (1754–1814) was the district president of the Principality of Löwenstein-Wertheim and after its mediatization was taken over into the service of the Grand Duchy of Baden. In 1807 he was bailiff and from 1809 to 1813 director of the Main-Tauber district. In 1813 he then became district director of the Neckar district.

Hinckeldey joined the Baden Army and was second lieutenant in the light dragoons in 1810 . From 1815 he served as Prime Lieutenant before he was promoted to Staff Rittmeister in the Freystedt Dragoons Regiment in 1824 . In 1836 he became head of a squadron there . In 1840 he was appointed major and served in the 1st Dragoon Regiment, Margrave Max. In 1842 he was promoted to Lieutenant Colonel and a year later Hinckeldey took over command of the 1st Dragoon Regiment. He was also the garrison commander of Bruchsal .

During and after the Hecker uprising

When the Hecker uprising began in Baden in April 1848 , Hinckeldey, who was appointed colonel on March 12, 1848, was one of the federal troops who, together with General Friedrich von Gagern, were supposed to stop the procession of the troops . After Gagern fell at the beginning of the battle on the Scheideck , Hinckelday took command of the Baden and Hessian federal troops. He and his troops pursued the scattered free crowd to Steinen , where he was prevented from crossing the river Wiese . The Republicans accused Hinckeldey of deliberately false testimony to have accused Hecker of murdering Gagern during the negotiations and thus of having carried out reactionary propaganda against the Republicans. He was also accused of harassing the population in the summer of 1848 when his dragoons were stationed in the Baden Oberland .

When the military uprising broke out in the Rastatt fortress

After the unrest in the Rastatt garrison had escalated the day before, Hinckeldey arrived at the fortress on the morning of May 12 with three squadrons of his Dragoons regiment. At the same time, Baden's Minister of War, General Hoffmann , arrived in Rastatt. Most of the dragoons were initially quartered outside of Rastatt. Hoffmann first tried to appease the mutinous troops in Rastatt, which only succeeded temporarily. When the unrest increased again in the afternoon and both Hoffmann and the Baden officers were threatened, Hoffmann commanded the dragoons into the city. As they approached the city from Rauental , they were greeted by groups of mutinous soldiers who urged them to fraternize. General Hoffmann set up the dragoons and the artillery department that came with them in the former palace garden. Hinckeldey's attempt to get into the castle courtyard with the Drogonians and to push back the rebellious masses of soldiers, citizens and fortress workers failed. The rebels succeeded in aiming guns at the cavalry, who were also threatened by gunmen from the walls of Fort B. The majority of the dragoons now refused to draw the saber. The 4th Squadron of Hinckeldey's regiment, which had been in Rastatt for a long time, was harassed, turned to flee and dispersed in all directions. General Hoffmann now ordered the retreat, which he, his officers and some of the Dragoons managed with difficulty. In the eyewitness accounts, Colonel Hinckeldey - unlike some of his officers - does not play a special role.

From the Grand Duke's escape to the capture of Hinckeldey (May 13-17, 1848)

On May 13, insurgents tried the Karlsruhe arsenal to storm. Remnants of Hinckeldey's dragoon regiment tried to oppose this, whereby Rittmeister Laroche and two other dragons were killed. The rest of the dragoons then dispersed. Hinckeldey and a few of his dragoons accompanied the grand ducal family on May 13 on their flight from Karlsruhe to the Bavarian fortress of Germersheim , along with smaller units of troops from Baden who had remained loyal to the state under the command of War Minister General Hoffmann . The column arrived at Germersheim early on May 14th. Since the Bavarian fortress commander, Franz Eduard von Weishaupt (1786–1864), knowing of the Baden mutiny, had no confidence in the escort troops, he initially refused to let them in. The grand ducal family found shelter in the nearby Rheinsheim on the right bank of the Rhine . Shortly afterwards, on May 14th, the grand ducal family was admitted to the fortress, while the accompanying troops had to camp in a bridgehead on the right bank of the Rhine.

On May 15, some of these troops went back to Karlsruhe and joined the rebels, while the loyal part was led by General Hoffmann via Hockenheim to Ladenburg .

Hoffmann wanted in particular to withdraw the 14 guns he was carrying from the revolutionary government and to cross the Neckar near Ladenburg on May 15 to reach the Hessian border and to subordinate his troops to the Frankfurt central authority. The Ladenburg railway bridge, however, could not be passed with the artillery and Hoffmann and his troops moved into night quarters in Edingen . Vigilante groups and rebel troops gathered in the Ladenburg area to cut off Hoffmann's escape route. On May 16, early in the morning, Hoffmann's troops turned south, via Grenzhof , Kirchheim , Leimen , Nussloch , Wiesloch and Hoffenheim to Sinsheim . The goal was now to reach the Württemberg area. The column came via Kirchardt to Fürfeld in Württemberg , where part of the column was quartered under Colonel Hinckeldey with some reluctance on the part of the villagers. Another part of the column moved on with General Hoffmann to Bonfeld, also in Württemberg . They were km after a march of 15 hours over about 50 here the billeting denied and the troops bivouacked . The parade of the Heilbronn vigilante group and the suicide of an officer from Baden demoralized the remaining loyal soldiers, who now wanted to be returned to Karlsruhe. On May 17th at 1 a.m., insurgent soldiers and vigilante groups from Heidelberg and Sinsheim entered Fürfeld. Hinckeldey and some officers were initially able to flee via Treschklingen to Babstadt , where they were, however, provided by vigilante groups. Hinckeldey owed his life to the intervention of Baron Sigmund Reinhard von Gemmingen , who had his castle in Treschklingen. He was later brought to Karlsruhe by vigilante groups and imprisoned there. General Hoffmann was able to flee Bonfeld. Officers who stayed behind were threatened by the vigilantes and only saved by the intervention of the Heilbronn fire brigade. Against the resistance of Gustav Struve , Hinckeldey was released again by Lorenz Brentano .

Commandant of the Federal Fortress of Rastatt

After the suppression of the Baden military uprising and the dissolution of practically all Baden troop units, he was given the management of the office for the liquidation of the dissolved 1st Dragoons Regiment and was no longer intended for active service. Even with the reorganization of the Baden cavalry in 1850, Hinckeldey no longer received a regiment. On April 29, 1851, he was reactivated by the Grand Duke and appointed commandant of the Rastatt fortress . He fell ill at the beginning of the following year and died on March 7, 1852.

Honors

In 1843 he was awarded the Commander's Cross, Second Class, of the Order of the Zähringer Lion.

literature

  • Friedrich Cast: Historical and genealogical book of the nobility of the Grand Duchy of Baden; Edited from official sources obtained from the authorities and other authentic sources . Stuttgart 1845, p. 262 digitized
  • Handbook for Baden and its servants or directory of all Baden servants from the year 1790 to 1840, with addendum up to 1845 , Heidelberg 1846, p. 9 digitized

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ in contemporary literature partly also in the spelling "Hinkeldey"
  2. ^ Grand Ducal Baden Government Gazette of April 14, 1852, No. XVII., P. 138
  3. ↑ see Cast p. 261
  4. ↑ see Handbook for Baden and its servants or the directory of all Baden servants from 1790 to 1840, with addendum up to 1845 , Heidelberg 1846, p. 41 digital copy
  5. ↑ see handbook for Baden and his servants or the directory of all Baden servants from 1790 to 1840, with addendum up to 1845 , Heidelberg 1846, p. 9 digital copy
  6. ↑ see handbook for Baden and his servants or directory of all Baden servants from the year 1790 to 1840, with addendum up to 1845 , Heidelberg 1846, p. 298 digitized
  7. ^ Grand Ducal Baden Government Gazette , No. XV. dated March 24, 1848
  8. ↑ a b see Theodor Mögling: Letters to his friends, Solothurn 1858, p. 93 digitized
  9. ↑ see Karl Alois Fickler: In Rastatt 1849. Rastatt 1853S. 55–62 digitized version
  10. ↑ the grand ducal family also left the fortress Germersheim on May 15th and went via Lauterburg to Hagenau and on via Saarbrücken (in order to bypass the also rebellious Rhine Palatinate) to Ehrenbreitstein and Frankfurt am Main ; see Johann Baptist Bekk : The Movement in Baden. Digitized from the end of February 1848 to the middle of May 1849 , Bassermann, Mannheim 1850
  11. ↑ see Karl Leopold Freiherr Schilling von Canstatt: The military mutiny in Baden. Including the events in Rastatt, Bruchsal, Karlsruhe, Lörrach, Freiburg, Gundelfingen, Krotzingen, Neustadt etc. Compiled from authentic sources by an officer from Baden , Karlsruhe 1849, pp. 39–45 digitized
  12. ^ See Gustav Struve: History of the three popular surveys in Baden, Jenni, Bern 1849, p. 176 digitized
  13. ↑ Grand Ducal Baden Government Gazette , No. XLIX. dated August 17, 1849
  14. ^ Grand Ducal Baden Government Gazette , No. XXXIII. dated May 21, 1851
  15. ↑ Karlsruher Zeitung of March 10, 1852
  16. ^ Court and State Manual of the Grand Duchy of Baden 1846, p. 61
personal data
SURNAME Hinckeldey, Heinrich von
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Hinckeldey, Heinrich Wilhelm von
BRIEF DESCRIPTION Baden cavalry officer
DATE OF BIRTH October 9, 1793
PLACE OF BIRTH Kleinheubach
DATE OF DEATH March 7, 1852