Hermann Luppe

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Hermann Luppe

Willy Hermann Rudolf Ernst Luppe (born August 6, 1874 in Kiel ; † April 3, 1945 there ) was a German lawyer and politician . From 1913 to 1919 he was second mayor of Frankfurt am Main , from 1920 to 1933 mayor of the city of Nuremberg and a founding member of the liberal German Democratic Party (DDP). Luppe was a member of the Weimar National Assembly and a staunch democrat. He is considered one of the most important local politicians of the Weimar Republic. Luppe was an uncompromising defender of democracy and was soon caught in the fire of criticism from the National Socialists under Julius Streicher . In 1933 Luppe was illegally dismissed from his office and had to flee Nuremberg. Luppe belonged to conservative resistance groups against National Socialism and was arrested several times. After Nuremberg he lived in Berlin and Kiel.

Life and work

After graduating from high school in Kiel in 1892, Luppe studied law and political science at the universities of Geneva , Leipzig , Berlin and Kiel . In 1896 he received his doctorate in law in Kiel. After passing the Second State Examination, he worked for a short time at the Magistrate of the City of Kiel and in 1900 went to Frankfurt am Main as Magistrate Assessor . There he was promoted to magistrate sydnicus in 1907, to city councilor in 1909 and to second mayor in 1913. From 1919 to 1920 he was a member of the Weimar National Assembly . Luppe was a member of the German Democratic Party (DDP); in Bavaria he was deputy state chairman. From 1920 to 1933 Luppe was Lord Mayor of Nuremberg.

As a member of the Reich Executive Committee of the German Republican Reich Federation and of the Reich Banner Black-Red-Gold , Luppe was one of the uncompromising defenders of the Weimar constitution. He advocated cooperation between the Liberals and the Social Democrats. Due to his democratic engagement he came into conflict with the parties who wanted to destroy the democratic state - in particular the NSDAP . He also fought fiercely against their anti-Semitism . In the city council, Hermann Luppe was confronted with violent arguments with local representatives of the NSDAP and the KPD . Several times there were arguments in court between him and Julius Streicher because of defamation and defamation. After the National Socialists came to power, the Nazis illegally arrested Luppe on March 18, 1933. They detained him for ten days in the police prison and took him to the remand prison on March 28. There he remained in custody until April 24, after his wife had sent a request for release to President Hindenburg on April 20, and Luppe himself sent a request for retirement as mayor on April 22.

Luppe was expelled from Nuremberg and initially went to Berlin . He became a member of a political lunch meeting held by the Prussian finance minister and later resistance fighter . He was u. a. involved in the distribution of the materials of the German Freedom Party. Because of this, he was arrested in autumn 1938, but released after two months because nothing could be proven. Then he returned to his hometown Kiel. After Georg Elser's assassination attempt on Adolf Hitler , he was imprisoned for another three weeks. He was also released afterwards, but was constantly summoned for interrogation by the police and the Gestapo . In Kiel, shortly before the end of the war, he died in the last bomb attack and was buried in the southern cemetery. The Dr.-Luppe-Platz in Nuremberg and the Hermann-Luppe-Heim in Frankfurt am Main are named after him.

Public offices

In the empire Luppe belonged to the Progressive People's Party . In 1918 he participated in the founding of the DDP and became its deputy chairman in Frankfurt am Main . Luppe was a member of the Weimar National Assembly in 1919/20 and was involved in the final negotiations on the Weimar school compromise in July 1919 .

Luppe was elected Lord Mayor of Nuremberg in 1920 to succeed Otto Geßler . He was the only candidate. As Lord Mayor of the “working class city” of Nuremberg, Luppe was forced to work with the Social Democrats, who predominantly made up the majority in the city council. The DDP itself had eleven seats in the 1950s city council in the 1919 elections, but only had three seats from 1924 and only two seats from 1929.

During his tenure, a number of construction projects such as housing estates or the city gynecological clinic were realized. On the site at Dutzendteich in the southeast of the city, a local recreation area was created for broad sections of the population with a football and athletics stadium (today's Franken and Max Morlock Stadium ), an outdoor pool and allotments. Because of its combination of modern architecture and landscaping , it found recognition far beyond the city limits. The Nazis used the existing infrastructure for the later Nazi Party Rally Grounds .

family

Hermann Luppe was the youngest son of the Dessau high school director Gustav Luppe (1844–1899) and his wife Marie, born in Kiel . May (1845-1921). He had two older brothers, the merchant on Java Theodor Luppe (1870-1936) and the sea captain of the Imperial Navy Gustav Luppe (1872-1953). Hermann Luppe married Hulda Lamp on January 1, 1901 in Berlin-Steglitz , with whom he had four children.

See also

Fonts

  • Trade regulations for the German Reich with the ancillary laws under trade law. (Child Protection Act, Housework Act, Employment Agency Act) together with the implementing provisions issued for the Reich and Prussia . Together with Karl Flesch; Friedrich Hiller, Guttentag, Berlin 1915.
  • Nuremberg - with numerous illustrations . Together with Maximilian Meyer, published by the Nuremberg City Council, Deutscher Kommunalverlag, Berlin-Friedenau 1927.
  • Albrecht Dürer. Commemorative publication of the international Duerer research. Published by Cicerone, introduction by Hermann Luppe. Contributions from Max j. Friedländer u. a., Klinkhardt & Biermann, Leipzig a. a., 1928.
  • Catalog of the exhibition of German contemporary art in Nuremberg in 1928. Nuremberg, Norishalle at Marientorgraben April 12 to September 2, 1928. Foreword by Hermann Luppe, editor Fritz Traugott Schulz . Klinkhardt & Biermann, Leipzig 1928.
  • Municipalities and housing issues, housing shortage, new housing construction, house interest tax, etc. House interest tax returns, Reich Emergency Ordinance…. Lectures by Hermann Luppe for the big cities; Dr. Fresdorff for medium-sized cities, among others, Munich - Kommunale Vereinigung f. Housing, C. Heymann, Berlin 1931.
  • Women's clinic and nursing home in Nuremberg - Festschrift for the inauguration of the new building . Foreword by Hermann Luppe, Spandel Druck, Nuremberg 1931.
  • Lecture on the development program of the Reich government (job creation) and the municipalities, Reich Emergency Ordinance of September 4, 1932 . Bavarian Association of Cities, Munich 1932.
  • My life. In collaboration with Mella Heinsen-Luppe from the estate ed. from the Nuremberg City Archives, nobleman in commission for Nuremberg City Council. Nuremberg 1977 (= sources on the history and culture of the city of Nuremberg. Volume 10).

literature

Web links

Individual evidence

  1. ^ Ludwig Luckemeyer: Luppe, Hermann. In: New German Biography. 15, 1987, p. 526 f. ( deutsche-biographie.de ).
  2. ^ Robert Volz: Reich manual of the German society . The handbook of personalities in words and pictures. Volume 2: L-Z. Deutscher Wirtschaftsverlag, Berlin 1931, DNB 453960294 , p. 1167.
  3. ↑ Martin Schumacher , Katharina Lübbe, Wilhelm Heinz Schröder : MdR The Reichstag members of the Weimar Republic in the time of National Socialism. Political persecution, emigration and expatriation, 1933–1945. A biographical documentation . 2nd Edition. Droste, Düsseldorf 1991, ISBN 3-7700-5169-6 , p. 378.
  4. ↑ See Stadtlexikon Nürnberg , see literature section.
personal data
SURNAME Luppe, Hermann
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Luppe, Willy Hermann Rudolf Ernst (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German lawyer and politician
DATE OF BIRTH August 6, 1874
PLACE OF BIRTH Kiel
DATE OF DEATH April 3, 1945
Place of death Kiel