Ik (Kama)
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Ik Ик , Ыҡ , Ык Iq, Bolshoi Ik |
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 Location of the Ik (Ик) in the catchment area of the Kama |
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| Data | ||
| Water code | RU : 10010101312111100027667 | |
| location | Bashkortostan , Tatarstan , Orenburg Oblast ( Russia ) | |
| River system | Volga | |
| Drain over | Kama → Volga → Caspian Sea | |
| source |
Bugulma-Belebeier heights at Prijutowo 53 ° 57 ′ 38 ″ N , 54 ° 6 ′ 11 ″ E |
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| Source height | approx. 320 m | |
| muzzle |
Kama near Menselinsk Coordinates: 55 ° 52 ′ 20 " N , 52 ° 46 ′ 52" E 55 ° 52 ′ 20 " N , 52 ° 46 ′ 52" E |
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| Mouth height | 62 m | |
| Height difference | approx. 258 m | |
| Bottom slope | approx. 0.45 ‰ | |
| length | 571 km | |
| Catchment area | 18,000 km² | |
| Drainage at the Nagaibakowo gauge |
NNQ (February 1940) MQ HHQ (April 1947) |
5.75 m³ / s 45.5 m³ / s 814 m³ / s |
| Left tributaries | Dymka, Mellja, Menselja | |
| Right tributaries | Ussen | |
| Big cities | Oktyabrsky | |
| Medium-sized cities | Abdulino , Bawly , Tuimasy | |
| Small towns | Urussu , Menselinsk | |
| Navigable | Lower course | |
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The Ik ( Russian Ик , Bashkir Ыҡ , Tatar Ык , Iq) is a 571 km long left tributary of the Kama in the Volga - Ural region of the European part of Russia . In Russian, the river is also called Bolshoi Ik , in German Großer Ik , but should not be confused with the Bolshoi Ik of the same name, which flows in the same region , a tributary of the Sakmara in the Urals river system .
course
The Ik rises at a height of about 320 m in the Bugulma-Belebeier heights , 13 kilometers northeast of the Prijutowo settlement and 16 kilometers south of the city of Belebei . After a short course on the territory of the Republic of Bashkortostan in a south-westerly direction, the river turns abruptly to the north and forms the border with Orenburg Oblast for about 40 kilometers . While maintaining the predominantly northerly direction of flow, the Ik then crosses the main axis of the Bugulma-Belebeier ridge running in a north-west-south-east direction and marks the border between Bashkortostan and the Republic of Tatarstan over a distance of almost 150 kilometers as the crow flies , which only leaves the river for short sections.
Above the small town of Menselinsk , the river turns in a west-northwest direction and then runs roughly parallel to it at a distance of 10 to 15 kilometers to the confluence with the Kama. The approximately 50 km long section of the parallel course (straight line; the length of the actual course of the river is greater because of the strong meandering ) lies in the reservoir area of the Nizhnekamsk reservoir , the level of which is normally 62 m . The common floodplain of Kama and Ik is covered by a huge, up to 15 kilometers wide water surface with - depending on the water level - different outlines. Most of the reservoir is less than two meters deep here, as the raising of the water level to the originally planned level of 68 m was stopped in 1990.
The most important tributaries are the Ussen from the right and the Dymka, Mellja and Menselja from the left, the largest of which, the Menselja, now flows into the reservoir area of the Nizhnekamsk reservoir.
Hydrography
The catchment area of the Ik covers 18,000 km². Above the confluence with the Nizhnekamsk reservoir, the river reaches a width of 70 meters and a depth of over 2 meters.
The Ik freezes between the second half of November and mid-April. The average water flow in the village of Nagaibakowo on the middle reaches 45.5 m³ / s on an annual average.
Economy and Infrastructure
The Ik is navigable in the area of the Nizhnekamsk reservoir.
The area through which it flows is largely used for agriculture and is relatively densely populated. The largest city is Oktyabrsky , located directly on the right bank. The medium- sized towns Abdulino , Bawly and Tuimasy are only a few kilometers away from Ik on tributaries. In the area of the upper and middle reaches there are a number of oil deposits , most of which have been exploited since the 1950s.
In the upper reaches of the Ik between Abdulino and Priyutovo of which is railway Samara - Ufa - Chelyabinsk - Omsk crossed the south branch of the Trans-Siberian Railway . At Oktyabrsky, the Insa - Ulyanovsk - Tschischmy railway crosses the river, as does the M5 Moscow –Samara – Tscheljabinsk highway . The M7 Moscow - Nizhny Novgorod - Kazan - Ufa crosses the river west of the village of Poisejewo on its new route, which was only completed a few years ago.
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b Article Ik in the Great Soviet Encyclopedia (BSE) , 3rd edition 1969–1978 (Russian)
- ↑ a b Ik in the State Water Register of the Russian Federation (Russian)
- ↑ Ik at Nagaybakovo. ( Memento of the original from November 24, 2009 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was automatically inserted and not yet checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. UNESCO
