Jaworzyna Śląska
| Jaworzyna Śląska | |||
|---|---|---|---|
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| Basic data | |||
| State : | Poland | ||
| Voivodeship : | Lower Silesia | ||
| Powiat : | Świdnica | ||
| Gmina : | Jaworzyna Śląska | ||
| Area : | 4.34 km² | ||
| Geographic location : | 50 ° 55 ' N , 16 ° 26' E | ||
| Height : | 220 m npm | ||
| Residents : | 5185 (Dec. 31, 2016) | ||
| Postal code : | 58,140 | ||
| Telephone code : | (+48) 74 | ||
| License plate : | DSW | ||
| Economy and Transport | |||
| Street : | Wroclaw - Jelenia Góra | ||
| Rail route : | Wrocław – Wałbrzych | ||
| Świdnica – Legnica | |||
| Next international airport : | Wroclaw | ||
| administration | |||
| Website : | www.jaworzyna.net | ||
Jaworzyna Śląska [ javɔ'ʒɨna 'ɕlõska ] ( German royal tent ) is a city in Poland and the seat of the municipality of the same name . It lies halfway between Strzegom ( Striegau ) and Świdnica ( Schweidnitz ) in the Lower Silesian Voivodeship and belongs to the Powiat Świdnicki .
history
When the Breslau – Waldenburg railway line (initially between Breslau and Freiburg in Silesia ) was built in 1843 , the important cities of Striegau and Schweidnitz were ten kilometers off the route. To connect these cities, a cross connection (which later became part of the Kattowitz – Liegnitz railway ) was built, which crossed the main line in the fields of the village of Bunzelwitz . A train station was created around which a railway settlement quickly developed .
It was named Königszelt in memory of the Bunzelwitz camp, where Frederick II's tent stood there in 1761 during the Seven Years' War . There, in Bunzelwitz, the king concluded the first Prussian-Ottoman alliance, which of course remained ineffective.
Königszelt developed into a railway junction . In 1853 the route from Freiburg to Waldenburg was continued, in 1855 the Schweidnitz route was extended to Reichenbach in the Eulengebirge and in 1863 to Neisse . The Striegau route was opened in 1856, the railway line via Striegau and Jauer to Liegnitz . The excellent transport connections for the time favored the establishment of the Königszelt porcelain factory in 1860 , which in 1886 formed a public limited company. The Karolina company, which continued to be active beyond 1945, is one of the three largest still producing companies of this type in Silesia.
Until 1945 Königszelt belonged to the district of Schweidnitz . As a result of the Second World War , it fell to Poland in 1945 together with almost all of Silesia and was renamed Jaworzyna Śląska . The German population was expelled.
In 1954 Jaworzyna Śląska received town charter and the area of the town increased by 1.34 km² to almost 4 km². 1975-1998 Jaworzyna Śląska belonged to the Wałbrzych Voivodeship ( German Waldenburg ). Since the administrative reform in 1999 it has belonged to the Powiat Świdnicki .
Attractions
The Muzeum Przemysłu i Kolejnictwa na Śląsku ( German Museum of Industry and Railways in Silesia ) commemorates the city's time as a railway junction.
Population development
- 1885: 1,382 inhabitants
- 1905: 3.335
- 1939: 3.866
- 1961: 5.206
- 1970: 5,379
- 2013: 5,226
Twin cities
- Peyremale , France
- Pfeffenhausen , Germany
- Teplice , Czech Republic
- Ostritz , Germany
Communities
Jaworzyna Śląska is the administrative seat of Gmina Jaworzyna Śląska ( Polish: gmina miejsko-wiejskade / town and country municipality ) with the town of Jaworzyna Śląskaden itself and the localities:
- Bagieniec ( Teichenau )
- Bolesławice ( Bunzelwitz )
- Czechy ( Czechs )
- Milikowice ( Arnsdorf )
- Nowice ( Neudorf )
- Nowy Jaworów ( New Jauernick )
- Pasieczna ( Zedlitz )
- Pastuchów ( Pushkau )
- Piotrowice Świdnickie ( Peterwitz )
- Stary Jaworów ( Old Jauernick )
- Tomkowa ( Tunkendorf )
- Witków ( Wickendorf )
sons and daughters of the town
- Ilse von Bredow (1922–2014), German writer
- Manfred Herrmann (1932–1997), German mathematician
literature
- Hugo Weczerka (Hrsg.): Handbook of the historical places . Volume: Silesia (= Kröner's pocket edition . Volume 316). Kröner, Stuttgart 1977, ISBN 3-520-31601-3 , p. 238.
- Gerhard Schmidt-Stein: Silesian porcelain before 1945. Würzburg 2nd edition 2007, ISBN 978-3-87057-207-5 , pp. 105–123
- Stephan Kaiser: Eisenbahnknoten Königszelt: Contributions to the Silesian traffic history - Ratingen: Stiftung Haus Oberschlesien, 2014. - 48 p.: Ill. - (publications of the Stiftung Haus Oberschlesien; regional history series; 17)
