Josef Terboven

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Josef Terboven, February 1942

Josef Antonius Heinrich Terboven (born May 23, 1898 in Essen , † May 8, 1945 in Skaugum near Oslo , Norway ) was a German politician, Gauleiter of Essen and Reich Commissioner for the Norwegian territories occupied by the German Empire .

Life

Terboven was the son of a farmer and a Catholic. He attended elementary school and the Humboldt high school. After completing the Unterprima in May 1915, he volunteered as a war volunteer. He came first to the field artillery, then to the air force. He received the Iron Cross, 2nd and 1st class. In 1918 he was appointed lieutenant d. R. dismissed. After he was awarded his school leaving certificate ( Abitur class 1916), he studied law and political science in Munich and Freiburg from 1919 to 1922, which he did not complete.

In 1923 he began an apprenticeship as a bank clerk at Credit-Anstalt in Essen. Due to personnel savings, he was dismissed in 1925 after it was completed.

Josef Terboven (in civilian clothes) with Essen SA on the trip to the Nazi party rally in Weimar, July 1926

In 1923 Terboven joined the NSDAP and in the same year took part in the Hitler-Ludendorff putsch in Munich . In 1925 he founded the Essen local group, which he led as the leader of the Essen SA. In 1928 he became Gauleiter of Essen.

In the Reichstag election in 1930 Terboven was elected to the Reichstag for the NSDAP (constituency 23 - Düsseldorf West). He was able to defend the mandate in the upcoming, still free, elections and kept it in the National Socialist Reichstag .

On June 29, 1934, he married Ilse Stahl, a former secretary of Joseph Goebbels , who attended the church wedding in Essen's cathedral church together with Hitler . After the National Socialists came to power , Terboven was appointed to the Prussian State Council and (in addition to his party official position as Gauleiter) on February 5, 1935, he was appointed President of the Rhine Province. In 1936 he was appointed SA-Obergruppenführer .

After the German occupation of Norway , Terboven became Reich Commissioner in Oslo on April 24, 1940 and supported the collaboration government under Vidkun Quisling and his party Nasjonal Samling , but on the other hand exploited the country economically in the interests of the German war economy and pursued tough policies against the increasing resistance of the Norwegian population . He thus became a symbol of the German policy of oppression and exploitation. In 1943/44 Arno Schickedanz worked in the management of Terboven.

On the day of the German surrender , he took his own life using explosives in a bunker on Gut Skaugum . The SS and Police Leader of Norway, Wilhelm Rediess , had previously died by suicide in the same bunker .

His remains were buried in the family crypt in the Essen-Frillendorf municipal cemetery, Ernestinenstrasse.

All of Terboven's writings were placed on the list of literature to be sorted out in the Soviet zone of occupation .

literature

Web links

Commons : Josef Terboven  - Collection of pictures, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ HD Heilmann: From the war diary of the diplomat Otto Bräutigam . In: Götz Aly u. a. (Ed.): Biedermann and desk clerk. Materials on the German perpetrator biography. Institute for Social Research in Hamburg: Contributions to National Socialist Health and Social Policy 4, Berlin 1987, p. 173.
  2. ^ German administration for popular education in the Soviet occupation zone, list of the literature to be sorted out (Berlin: Zentralverlag, 1946), transcript letter T, pages 414-423
personal data
SURNAME Terboven, Josef
ALTERNATIVE NAMES Terboven, Josef Antonius Heinrich (full name)
BRIEF DESCRIPTION German politician (NSDAP), MdR, Gauleiter, Reich Commissioner in occupied Norway
DATE OF BIRTH May 23, 1898
PLACE OF BIRTH eat
DATE OF DEATH May 8, 1945
Place of death Skaugum near Oslo , Norway