Franz August Eichmann
Franz August Eichmann (born March 29, 1793 in Berlin ; † August 14, 1879 there ) was a Prussian civil servant. He was conservative and close to pietism . Since 1845 he had been President of the Rhine Province . In 1848 he was the Prussian Minister of the Interior . From 1850 to 1868 he was President of the Province of Prussia .
Training and career advancement
Eichmann studied law at the Georg August University in Göttingen and the Ruprecht Karls University in Heidelberg . From 1815 he was an auscultator at the Berlin City Court. In 1817 he was a trainee at the Court of Appeal and in 1819 Assessor at the Higher Regional Court in Szczecin . In 1822 he moved to the higher regional court in Marienwerder . Eichmann was appointed to the chamber judge and lecturer in the Ministry of Finance in 1824 . Politically, Eichmann moved during this time in the extremely conservative circle of the brothers Ludwig Friedrich Leopold and Ernst Ludwig von Gerlach . In 1835 he was a commissioner at the federal central authority in Frankfurt am Main . In the same year the appointment to go followed. Finance Council and the Justiciar in the Ministry of Finance. A year later he became a go. Oberfinanzrat appointed. Eichmann was a member of the Prussian State Council from 1837 . Between 1840 and 1845 he was a real. Go Legation Councilor Director of the Second Department in the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. He was also a member of the Legislative Review Commission from 1842.
Upper President in the Rhineland and Minister of the Interior
In 1845 Eichmann was appointed senior president of the Rhine Province . In September 1848 he became Minister of the Interior in the Ernst von Pfuel cabinet . In addition to the interior department, Eichmann was also responsible for agriculture, domains and forests. After Friedrich Wilhelm Graf von Brandenburg acted as Prime Minister against the revolutionary forces from November 1848, Eichmann was dismissed on November 8th.
Four days later, he returned to his old post as President of the Rhine Province, which had remained vacant to date . In this capacity he reprimanded on November 18, 1848 in a decree "the calls to refuse taxes ", which had been decided by the democratic left in the Prussian National Assembly as a countermeasure against the relocation of parliament. He referred to the authority of his office, which orders “every attack against the laws and their observance, without which no state can exist, to reject with all means at my disposal. Such an attack lies in the demands not to pay taxes, the indispensable means of maintaining order and justice, taxes which are written out by law and can only be changed by virtue of a law. ... For the unexpected cases in which this trust should nevertheless be deceived, I expect all provincial and local authorities that they will stop paying taxes with all the force that the laws give them and that they will fulfill their official duties without hesitation. "In Eichmann belonged to the First Chamber of the Prussian Landtag formed according to the new imposed Prussian constitution .
Upper President in the Province of Prussia
Eichmann met with criticism from within the Prussian bureaucracy because he allegedly did not fight the democratic radicalism in the Rhine Province with enough vigor. For this reason he was relieved of the post. From September 1, 1850, until 1868, Eichmann served as senior president in the province of Prussia. From 1851 he was also the curator of the Albertus University in Königsberg . He left no doubt about his basic conservative attitude and promoted the "old Prussian royalism". The expansion of the school system and the transport system were of lasting importance. The Prussian Eastern Railway was established under his administration . He avoided confrontational behavior towards his Polish subjects .
Eichmann belonged to the conservative party since 1858 . He represented this from 1867 to 1870 in the North German Reichstag ( Reichstag constituency administrative district Königsberg 2 ). In this capacity he was also a member of the Customs Parliament from 1868 .
In 1860 Eichmann rejected the ennoblement by Friedrich Wilhelm IV . In 1868 he resigned from civil service.
family
He married Cornelia Wedecke on November 28, 1823 in Marienwerder (* February 4, 1795; † 1849). The couple had several children including:
- Karl Georg (born January 6, 1835 - August 19, 1893), retired royal Prussian captain. D.
- Friedrich Christoph (March 30, 1826 - October 27, 1875), diplomat ∞ Emmy Luise Sophie Wietzlow (July 8, 1841 - March 13, 1916)
After her death, he married Freiin Katharina Theone Maria von Schroeter in Königsberg in Prussia in 1852 (* 23 August 1818, † 21 February 1866).
The Rhenish Observer
The Rhenish Observer was subsidized annually by cabinet order of King Friedrich Wilhelm IV. With 3,000 thalers , in May 1846 even with 17,000-18,000 thalers. Despite this official government support, Bercht did not succeed in suppressing the influence of the Kölnische Zeitung with his paper . From the very beginning of its publication it had a reputation for being a government organ, and it was met with great suspicion both in Cologne and in the Rhineland. The number of subscribers fluctuated between only 500 and 600. The Kölnische Zeitung, on the other hand, was printing almost 10,000 copies as early as 1844. Clouth drew considerable economic benefit as a printer of the Rheinischer Beobachter. But the revolution of 1848 changed the situation suddenly. Although on March 4, 1848, the king still granted the subsidy of 18,000 thalers a year until 1850, the days were numbered for the newspaper.
On November 21, 1848 , Karl Marx reported about the chief procuratorate and the “ Neue Rheinische Zeitung ” : “Who is on the legal ground, the chief president Eichmann or the editors of the“ Neue Rheinische Zeitung ”? Who should enter the prison floor, the editors of the 'Neue Rheinische Zeitung' or the President Eichmann? "
Alfred von Auerswald , who had been appointed Minister of the Interior in place of Ernst von Bodelschwingh, wrote to the President of the Prussian Rhine Province, Franz August Eichmann, that financial support for the newspaper was no longer granted. The Kölnische Zeitung published in its edition of April 1, 1848 an advertisement with an "Invitation to the funeral of the Blessed Rhenish Observer".
Individual evidence
- ↑ State Main Archive Rhineland-Palatinate: 150 years ago. August 31, 1850. The term of office of the Upper President of the Rhine Province, Ernst August Eichmann has ended. (No longer available online.) Archived from the original on January 21, 2016 ; Retrieved December 13, 2012 . Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
- ↑ Eichmann's decree, MEW ( Memento of October 6, 2007 in the Internet Archive )
- ↑ Herre, P .: Upper President and Minister of State Franz August Eichmann . In: Communications of the Association for the History of East and West Prussia , Vol. 12 (1938), pp. 35–41
- ^ Herbert Meinhard Mühlpfordt : Königsberg from A to Z. A city lexicon , 2nd edition. Munich 1976, ISBN 3761200927 .
- ↑ http://pom.bbaw.de/exist/servlet/JDG/scripts/browse.xql?id=JRE1444II&year=1938
- ↑ Bernd Haunfelder , Klaus Erich Pollmann : Reichstag of the North German Confederation 1867-1870. Historical photographs and biographical handbook (= photo documents on the history of parliamentarism and political parties. Volume 2). Droste, Düsseldorf 1989, ISBN 3-7700-5151-3 , photo (see above) p. 111, short biography p. 396.
- ^ Fritz Specht, Paul Schwabe: The Reichstag elections from 1867 to 1903. Statistics of the Reichstag elections together with the programs of the parties and a list of the elected representatives. 2nd Edition. Carl Heymann Verlag, Berlin 1904, p. 2.
- ↑ http://www.mlwerke.de/me/me06/me06_040.htm Neue Rheinische Zeitung No. 149 of November 22, 1848
- ↑ http://www.clouth.org/Drucker%20der%20NRhZ.pdf ( Page no longer available , search in web archives ) Info: The link was automatically marked as defective. Please check the link according to the instructions and then remove this notice.
literature
- Bärbel Holtz (edit.): The minutes of the Prussian State Ministry 1817–1934 / 38. Volume 4 / II. (1848-1858). Olms-Weidmann, Hildesheim 2003, ISBN 3-487-11825-4 ( Berlin-Brandenburg Academy of Sciences (Hrsg.): Acta Borussica . New series) p. 564 ( digitized version )
- Gothaisches genealogisches Taschenbuch der Briefadeligen houses 1908. Second year, p.244
Web links
- Biography of the Berlin State Library
- Franz August Eichmann in the database of members of the Reichstag
Carl Wilhelm von Bötticher (1842–1848) | Rudolf von Auerswald (1848–1849) | Eduard von Flottwell (1849–1850) | Franz August Eichmann (1850–1868) | Karl von Horn (1869–1882) | Albrecht von Schlieckmann (1882–1891) | Udo zu Stolberg-Wernigerode (1891–1895) | Wilhelm von Bismarck (1895–1901) | Hugo Samuel von Richthofen (1901–1903) | Friedrich von Moltke (1903–1907) | Ludwig von Windheim (1907–1914) | Adolf Tortilowicz von Batocki-Friebe (1914–1916) | Friedrich von Berg (1916–1918) | Adolf Tortilowicz von Batocki-Friebe (1918–1919) | August Winnig (1919–1920) | Ernst Siehr (1920–1932) | Wilhelm Kutscher (1932–1933) | Erich Koch (1933–1945)
Karl von Ingersleben (1822–1831) | Philipp von Pestel (1831–1834) | Ernst von Bodelschwingh the Elder (1834–1842) | Eduard von Schaper (1842–1845) | Franz August Eichmann (1845–1850) | Eduard von Moeller (1848 substitute) | Rudolf von Auerswald (1850–1851) | Hans Hugo von Kleist-Retzow (1851–1858) | Adolf von Pommer Esche (1858–1871) | Moritz von Bardeleben (1871–1889) | Hans Hermann von Berlepsch (1889–1890) | Berthold von Nasse (1890–1905) | Clemens Freiherr von Schorlemer-Lieser (1905–1910) | Georg von Rheinbaben (1910–1918) | Rudolf von Groote (1918–1922) | Johannes Fuchs (1922–1933) | Hermann von Lüninck (1933–1935) | Josef Terboven (1935-1945)
Friedrich Karl of Prussia (1867) | Franz August Eichmann (1867–1871) | Friedrich Fernow (1871–1878) | Hermann von Knobloch (1878–1879) | Gustav von Heyer (1879–1881) | Kurt von Saucken-Tarputschen (1881–1884) | Werner von Gustedt-Lablacken (1884–1898) | Ludwig von Massow-Parnehnen (1898–1907) | Leberecht Arendt (1907–1910) | Richard Wagner (1910–1912) | Ludwig von Massow-Parnehnen (1912–1914) | Richard Wagner (1912-1918)
| personal data | |
|---|---|
| SURNAME | Eichmann, Franz August |
| BRIEF DESCRIPTION | Prussian Minister of the Interior |
| DATE OF BIRTH | March 29, 1793 |
| PLACE OF BIRTH | Berlin |
| DATE OF DEATH | August 14, 1879 |
| Place of death | Berlin |