Kahleberg
| Kahleberg | ||
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 View from Geisingberg to the Kahleberg with the prominent block heap below the summit, the Altenberger Pinge can be seen in the foreground |
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| height | 905.1 m above sea level NHN | |
| location | District of Saxon Switzerland-Eastern Ore Mountains , Saxony ( Germany ) | |
| Mountains | Ore Mountains | |
| Dominance | 5.3 km → Pramenáč (Bornhauberg) 909 m | |
| Notch height | 129 m | |
| Coordinates | 50 ° 44 '59 " N , 13 ° 43' 57" E | |
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| Type | Ridges | |
| rock | Teplice quartz porphyry , granite | |
The Kahleberg is 905.1 m above sea level. NHN the third highest elevation in the Eastern Ore Mountains and at the same time the highest mountain in the Saxon part of this mountain range.
Location and surroundings
The Kahleberg is located two kilometers southwest of the mountain town of Altenberg / Erzgeb. near the border with the Czech Republic . The Kleine Kahleberg baude ( mountain hut) is on the summit . Directly south of the mountain is the federal biathlon center , which has been a biathlon savings bank arena since 2004 , and to the north is the Raupennest rehabilitation clinic - built in 1991 by the bathing king, Eduard Zwick, for around DM 100 million - the ponds for the little ones and originally laid out for mining Large gallows pond and the Altenberg reservoir .
Geology and morphology
The Kahleberg is a wooded quartz porphyry ridge that forms a side ridge of the Ore Mountains ridge. In the landscape, the mountain breaks off with a distinctive step to the north and west. The slope flanks are covered by block heaps , which form a three hectare large area natural monument .
history
Importance in land surveying
.JPG)
As station no. 9 Kahleberg , the summit was a first-order point of the royal Saxon triangulation in the 1860s . For this reason, a surveying column was erected on the summit. There was also a five-meter-high stone tower that had been used as a lookout tower since the end of the 19th century. It was demolished in 1976 because of dilapidation.
Origin of the name
Originally the Kahleberg was densely forested. The intensive tin mining that began in Altenberg around 1440 probably led to the complete deforestation of large forest areas as early as the second half of the 16th century, which were needed as pit wood , to set fire and for ore smelting using charcoal . The lack of forest coined the name of the bare mountain .
Forest damage and nature conservation
The first damage to the forest was caused by the Altenberg tin huts in the 16th century. Their sulfur-rich exhaust gases prevented natural reforestation of the deforested mountain for a long time. The spruce trees planted in the 19th century have been destroyed since the 1970s mainly by the pollutant emissions from the northern Bohemian lignite power stations . Most of the spruce trees fell victim to the pollutants .
From 1954 to 1966 there was also a 25 meter high wooden fire watch tower on the summit . At the beginning of the 1980s, the district administration had reforestation work carried out with the help of guest workers from Mozambique . But only as a result of the turnaround and the associated shutdown of large industrial companies has the air quality improved significantly since the 1990s. New resistant conifers, mountain pines , mountain ash and birch were planted.
The Kahleberg is the only area in the Saxon Eastern Ore Mountains in which beech-free spruce forests can grow under natural conditions. In 1961, the forest administrations declared 63 hectares of contiguous area a nature reserve . Nevertheless, the forest damage progressed here too, so that the nature reserve was dissolved in 1983.
In the 21st century, around 22 hectares of the mountain are again under protection as the FFH area Kahleberg near Altenberg. In the area of the block heap (area natural monument) there are numerous lichens worthy of protection , including the map lichen , umbilical and bowl lichen as well as shrub lichen such as the reindeer lichen and the Icelandic moss . Botanists consider the habitats of the silicate heaps and dry heaths to be particularly remarkable.
view
The view extends in the north over large parts of the Osterzgebirge down to the Elbe valley to Dresden . When the visibility is exceptionally good, the gaze wanders in the east to the ridge of the Jizera Mountains . Snezka in the Giant Mountains , 142 km away, can also be seen under good conditions. A metal plaque on the hilltop indicates the most striking targets. However, it contains an error: the north and east directions are not at right angles , but at an acute angle to one another.
Paths to the summit
An ascent to the Kahleberg is possible via a variety of marked hiking trails, bike paths and ski trails. Altenberg is a good starting point for a visit to the mountain. From there, the blue marked path leads over the wide Alte Zaunhäuser Weg to the mountain shoulder and on to the summit. The mountain is also on the routes of the European long-distance hiking trail E3 , the international mountain hiking trail Eisenach – Budapest , the blue- marked long-distance hiking trail Zittau – Wernigerode and the Erzgebirge / Krušné hory ski route .
See also
Web links
Individual evidence
- ↑ a b Map services of the Federal Agency for Nature Conservation ( information )
- ↑ closed since September 1st, 2018
- ↑ Information about the biathlon arena on altenberg.de
- ↑ Homepage caterpillar nest
- ^ Information from Siegfried Neumann, certified tourist guide in the Eastern Ore Mountains; November 2011.
- ↑ Brief information on the FFH area Kahleberg near Altenberg
- ↑ Three-mountain tour to the Kahleberg on altenberg.de