South Franconian dialects
| South Franconian | ||
|---|---|---|
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Spoken in |
Baden-Württemberg , Bavaria , Rhineland-Palatinate , Alsace , Lorraine | |
| Linguistic classification |
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Südrheinfränkisch or Südfränkisch is an Upper German dialect group that is spoken in the north of the state of Baden-Württemberg (around Karlsruhe , Heilbronn , Mosbach ), in the south - east Palatinate in Rhineland-Palatinate and in the Outre-Forêt in northern Alsace .
Colloquially, the south-Rhine Franconian dialects in the north of the former state of Baden , subject to the sometimes strong kurpfälzischen influences, together with the Kurpfälzische as " Badisch called". Especially around Karlsruhe there is also the term Brigantendeutsch. The South Rhine-Franconian dialects that are spoken in North Württemberg (so-called Unterländisch ), on the other hand, are not referred to as "Baden", but often as "Swabian". The demarcation of the dialect area does not follow the political border between Baden and Württemberg that emerged in 1803.
Distribution and delimitation of neighboring dialects
The South Rhine-Franconian dialects are in the transition area between Upper German and Central German and are influenced by the following neighboring dialects :
- North: South Hesse ( Darmstadt , Heppenheim , Beerfelden )
- Northwest: Palatinate ( left Rhine Palatinate , right Rhine Palatinate around Mannheim , Heidelberg , Alsatian Unterland)
- East: East Franconian
- South: Swabian
- Southwest: Lower Alemannic , for example from Baden-Baden and in Alsace
The dtv-Atlas German language shows a map from the year 1900, according to which the South Rhine-Franconian can be distinguished from the neighboring dialects as follows:
- from Alemannic through the Hus-Haus line : This begins on the Rhine , runs between Rastatt and Ettlingen and along the Murg into the Black Forest . There she meets the Swabian border. See also: Border places of the Alemannic dialect area
- from Swabia through the Mäh-mähet-Linie : This runs from Wildbad via Pforzheim - Knittlingen - Zaberfeld - Brackenheim - Lauffen am Neckar - Untergruppenbach to Mainhardt in the Löwenstein Mountains . There it meets the border with East Franconia.
- from East Franconia through the fest-fescht line: The border to the Hohenlohe dialect, which is part of East Franconia, runs roughly through the places Öhringen - Ingelfingen - Boxberg - Külsheim - Miltenberg .
- from the Rhine Franconian ( Hessian , Palatinate , also around Mannheim and Heidelberg) through the Speyer line or the Appel / Apple line: This runs from Miltenberg via Amorbach - Eberbach - Leimen - Schwetzingen to Speyer , from where it follows the Rhine in a southerly direction. At times, the Germersheim line , which runs a little further south, is used here, which separates the pronunciation of pound / Pfoschde and Pund / Poschde .
Speakers of the South Franconian can be identified by the following pronunciation of the sentence “The children hold the apples tight”: The Kinner keep the apples fescht . In contrast, this is
- in Swabian: D Kender holds (eigtl. lifts ) the apples.
- in East Franconian: the children hold the abfl fesd .
- in South Hesse: The Kinner hold on to the apples .
- in the Palatinate: D 'Kinner hold (n) d Äppel fescht.
Characteristic features
1. Typical lack of endings in Upper German:
Wage instead of wagon
2. Missing plosives after m and n:
Inhibit instead of shirt
Kinner instead of children
T-sounds are pronounced like "d" ( lenization )
Tractor = Drakdor
3rd article:
because man instead of man
d 'Fraa instead of woman
’s chin instead of child
4. Characteristic ei sound
All sounds spoken as ei in Alemannic are pronounced as ai to oi . The tone coloration is so characteristic that locals can identify the speaker's origin to within a few kilometers, while non-locals can hardly recognize the differences or imitate them correctly.
Is proverbial in this context, the sentence happy with deliberately broad ai to oi is pronounced -Lauten:
Zw oi w oi che Oi he in oi nera R oi h ( Stafforter According coloring ); Zw ai w ai che Ai er in ai nera R ai h ( Karlsruher and Spöcker sound coloring )
(High German: "Two soft eggs in a row")
Dialects of South Rhine Franconian and North Baden
- Karlsruhe
- Kraichgäu
- Underland
- Odenwaldisch
Web links
literature
- Hanna Heidt : memories of the past . Self-published, Schwanen Stutensee-Staffort 2003.
- Heiner Joswig : So ebbas . Stutensee-Hefte 2, Stadt Stutensee 2002 and Hengd a Engele an da Wan (d): The Staffort dialect - variant of the South Franconian. Stutensee Hefte 6, Stadt Stutensee 2010 ISBN 978-3-9811869-3-2 .
swell
- ^ Dtv Atlas German Language, 13th edition (2001) pp. 230/231.
- ^ Heiner Joswig in the Stadtwiki Karlsruhe