Border towns of the Alemannic dialect area

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The traditional distribution area of ​​West Upper German (= Alemannic) dialect features in the 19th and 20th centuries
The Germanic and Romance dialect groups in the Alsace region

Places that connect the area in which dialect features occur (or did occur), which are assigned to West Upper German , with areas in which dialect features are assigned to other dialect groups or in which another language is spoken can be referred to as border towns of the Alemannic dialect area .

A high degree of accuracy can be achieved in the area of ​​the Romance neighborhood, since the languages ​​do not particularly overlap here, neither linguistically nor geographically. However, this accuracy cannot be achieved in the vicinity of other Germanic dialects, since dialect spaces are often not connected by linear boundaries , but by transitional areas: these are spatially, temporally and socio-culturally determined, horizontally and vertically. Quite apart from that, dialects are abstractions , which becomes particularly clear when one tries to differentiate dialects from one another. In addition, ways of speaking are subject to constant change. The directory is intended to represent both current and historical conditions.

structure

The register begins and ends at the Upper Rhine between the right bank Beinheim and the left bank of the winter village and follows the clockwise direction .

In principle, the politically independent municipality is listed in the "Grenzort" column . If the “border town” does not itself represent an independent municipality, this will be mentioned in the comment column. If it might be necessary to better record the structure of the settlement or district, districts belonging to a municipality are also mentioned in the comment column.

As can be seen from the headings of the individual tables, the list is divided into these three categories:

1. Current or historical states or parts of states:

2. Most important dialect groups:

3. Neighboring dialects or neighboring languages:

Baden-Württemberg

Baden, Upper Rhine Manish to South Franconian

Between the Rhine and the Black Forest

The dialect boundaries chosen here in the right bank of the Upper Rhine Plain follow the boundary between several offices of the Margraviate of Baden-Baden, which existed until 1771 (offices Eberstein and Rastatt in the south, office Ettlingen in the north) and the current border between the districts of Rastatt and Karlsruhe (exception : Waldprechtsweier). It is assumed that the rivers Murg and Oos , which run somewhat to the south, formed the political border between more Alemannic and Franconian areas of influence from around 500 (including the border between the dioceses of Strasbourg and Speyer ).

The places shown here as Alemannic-speaking show numerous southern Franconian influences.

Wintersdorf, Ottersdorf and Plittersdorf together form the so-called Ried .

Abbreviations: Gde. = Municipality.

Border town comment
Winter village Gde. Rastatt
Ottersdorf Gde. Rastatt
Plittersdorf Gde. Rastatt
Stone walls
Elchesheim Gde. Elchesheim-Illingen
Illingen Gde. Elchesheim-Illingen
Au on the Rhine
Würmersheim Gde. Durmersheim
Bickesheim (he monastery) Gde. Durmersheim . The old settlement of Bickesheim was abandoned around the 13th century. The "new" Bickesheim was not formed until the 20th century as the northern part of Durmersheim around the Bickesheim church of the same name, originally a solitary place, founded in the 15th century.
Durmersheim
Bietigheim
Muggensturm
Waldprechtsweier Gde. Malsch NA.

Western Black Forest

Here, the selected borderline largely follows the border between Old Baden (Alemannic) and Old Württemberg (South Franconian) places. Loffenau, located in the Murg Valley, has predominantly Franconian language features.

Abbreviations: Gde. = Municipality.

Border town comment
Freiolsheim Gde. Gaggenau
Mittelberg Marked Freiolsheim , Gde. Gaggenau
Moosbronn Marked Freiolsheim , Gde. Gaggenau
Michelbach Gde. Gaggenau
Sulzbach Gde. Gaggenau
Ottenau Gde. Gaggenau
Hörden Gde. Gaggenau
Gernsbach
Scrub Gde. Gernsbach
Lautenbach Gde. Gernsbach
Reichental Gde. Gernsbach
Dürreych Marked Kaltenbronn , Gde. Gernsbach
Kaltenbronn Gde. Gernsbach

Württemberg and Baden, Swabian-Franconian to South and East Franconian

From the Black Forest to the Neckar region to the Swabian-Franconian Forest, there is an area in which language features that are considered Swabian or Franconian are mixed. This transition area also includes Calw and Weil der Stadt to the south, but becomes narrower and narrower to the east until it ends southwest of the Franconian Löwenstein , where the border area between South and East Franconia is also located.

Württemberg and Baden, Swabian-Franconian to South Franconian

This transitional area also prevails in the north-eastern Black Forest and in the open gate landscape between the northern Black Forest border and Heuchelberg , regardless of the historical and current political borders between Württemberg and Baden. The isoglosses tend to run near the watershed between the Rhine and Neckar.

Dialect names such as " Baden " or "Swabian" are also extremely problematic here, as in many other parts of Baden, because there are Baden (here alias South Franconian) places with strong Swabian language features (e.g. Tiefenbronn ), on the other hand Württemberg (alias "Swabian") places in which strong southern Franconian influences predominate (e.g. Knittlingen ) or even only southern Franconian "gemundartet" (e.g. Straubenhardt ).

Abbreviations: B. = Baden, Gde. = Municipality, NA = non-Alemannic municipality.

Border town Remarks
Sprollenhaus Gde. Wildbad
Wildbad
Calmbach Gde. Wildbad
Höfen on the Enz
Neuenbürg
Birch field
Brötzingen B. Gde. Pforzheim
Pforzheim B.
Ispringen B.
Eisingen B.
Goebrichen B. Gde. Newbies
Building block B. Gde. Newbies
Ölbronn Gde. Ölbronn-Dürrn
Small villas Gde. Knittlingen
Ruit B. Gde. Bretten NA. Old Württemberg ( Maulbronn Monastery Office ), not part of Baden until the beginning of the 19th century.
In the 1970s incorporated into Bretten, historically the southernmost town in the Electoral Palatinate .
Knittlingen
Large villas Gde. Oberderdingen
Oberderdingen

Württemberg, Swabian-Franconian to South Franconian

In the Neckarland (Württemberg " Unterland "), the border lines west of the Neckar show a proximity to the northern border of the old Württemberg. Important New Württemberg South Franconian towns such as Heilbronn are taking on more and more Swabian language features through immigration from the densely populated Stuttgart region .

Abbreviations: Gde. = Community, NA = non-Alemannic community.

Border town comment
Star Rock
Leonbronn Gde. Zaberfeld
Ochsenburg Gde. Zaberfeld
Michelbach Gde. Zaberfeld
Kleingartach Gde. Eppingen NA.
Niederhofen Gde. Schwaigern NA.
Haberschlacht Gde. Brackenheim
Neipperg Gde. Brackenheim
Nordhausen Gde. Nordheim
Nordheim
Lauffen am Neckar
Neckarwestheim
Schozach Gde. Ilsfeld
Desert house Gde. Ilsfeld
Untergruppenbach
Donnbronn Gde. Untergruppenbach
Obergruppenbach Gde. Untergruppenbach
Oberheinriet Gde. Untergruppenbach
Forecourt Gde. Untergruppenbach

Württemberg, Swabian-Franconian to East Franconian

Here, too, in the western Swabian-Franconian Forest , there is a proximity of the most important language borders to the northern border of Altwuerttemberg. Due to the special settlement structure - the predominance of hamlets and farms - special "border towns" are more difficult to grasp, as the language characteristics of small and micro-settlements are less well researched and can change more quickly than those of larger municipalities with free demarcation.

Abbreviations: OT = district, Gde. = Municipality, NA = non-Alemannic municipality.

Border town comment
Oberheinriet Gde. Untergruppenbach
Forecourt Gde. Untergruppenbach
Beilstein OT Farnersberg , Etzlensendung , Kaisersbach, Stocksberg
New speakers Gde. Wüstenrot NA
Vorderbüchelberg Gde. Spiegelberg
Altfürstenhütte Gde. Großerlach
Großerlach
dig Gde. Großerlach

Württemberg, Swabian to East Franconian

The dialect border between Murrhardt and the Württemberg-Bavarian border is considered to be particularly well developed. In the area of ​​the digester , the isoglosses run across the Limpurger Land . Further to the east and in the area of ​​the Jagst , the northern border and the influence of the prince provost of Ellwangen are considered to form language borders .

Abbreviations: OT = districts, Gde. = Municipality, NA = non-Alemannic municipality.

Border town comment
Steinberg Gde. Murrhardt
Fornsbach Gde. Murrhardt
Plapphof Gde. Fichtenberg NA.
Kirchenkirnberg Gde. Murrhardt
Eichenkirnberg Gde. Gschwend
Gschwend
Frickenhofen Gde. Gschwend
Sulzbach Gde. Sulzbach-Laufen
Geifertshofen Gde. Bühlerzell
Buhlertann
Hinteruhlberg Gde. Frankenhardt NA.
Rosenberg
Stimpfach OT Hörbühl, Stimpfach, Siglershofen
Finkenberg Gde. Jagstzell
Matzenbach Gde. Fichtenau NA.
Oberdeufstetten Gde. Fichtenau NA.
Schönbronn Gde. Words

Bavaria

In Bavaria, the border area of ​​the Alemannic dialects stretches first in a west-east orientation from the southern edge of the Frankenhöhe north of the Ries to the western edge of the Franconian Alb , and then from the place where Alemannic, Franconian and Bavarian dialects meet (roughly west of Treuchtlingen ), to turn in a north-south orientation. Between the Wuerttemberg-Bavarian border and the Danube, broader areas have developed in which Alemannic and Franconian or Bavarian dialect indicators mix ( Dinkelsbühl , Hesselberg , Wemding ). As a dividing line between the Swabian-East Franconian transition area and the East Franconian dialect area, the isogloss can be used, which separates “Daag” / “däät” from “Doog” / “daat” (standard German “day” / “täte”).

In the foothills of the Alps , the border area between the Danube and the state border on the Alps is now also based on the course of the Lech . While the border area of ​​the dialects between the Danube and Augsburg is very well developed and one can therefore speak of a pronounced language border along the Lech, the border area between West and East Upper German dialect characteristics south of Augsburg is less prominent. Here, especially east of the Lech (to the east as far as the Ammersee ), a wide transition zone has developed, some of whose dialects can be summarized under the term Lechrain dialect . In this transitional area, which continues south to Tyrol ( Ausserferngebiet , see below), one can distinguish an area in which Swabian dialect features predominate from an area in which Bavarian dialect characters dominate. These areas can be divided by the isogloss that separates Swabian “diar” / “ui (b)” from Bavarian “es” / “enk” (standard German “you” / “you”). This line also follows the Lech between Augsburg and Schongau . It moves south of Schongau and in Tyrol a little east of the Lech ( to cross the Lech valley in Tyrol south of Weißenbach am Lech and to reach the Lower Alemannic dialect area in the Allgäu Alps ).

It can be assumed that Swabian-Alemannic and Bavarian hardly differed from one another at the beginning (6th – 8th centuries). Also archaeological findings show the cultural similarity, for example, left and right of the lower Lech ( Western-Merovingian county ), today a strong dialect border. Another point of reference is the eastern border of the diocese of Augsburg , which runs far east of the Lech . The change came only in the centuries after the Germanic (and other) population groups settled down and started out in the Bavarian region. Linguistic innovations arose in the southeast of the Bavarian region (apparently under the influence of neighboring Slavic languages) that spread westward and northward. In the meantime, a strong and permanent political border had developed on the Lech, which separated the unified area of ​​the Duchy of Bavaria from the politically fragmented area of ​​the later Swabian District . The natural conditions - the floodplains of the Lech - promoted the fact that there was less or no linguistic exchange between the communities on the left and right of the Lech. On the Lech, the speech movements coming from the east came to a standstill. East of the middle Lech, in the Lechrain, a little more of the older language features have been preserved than east of the lower Lech (possibly due to the Ammersee, Starnberger See and other natural obstacles). In Tyrol the Fernpass could have represented a corresponding obstacle; The Bavarian dialects in the Tyrolean Lech Valley south of the Reutte district are probably related to the later, direct settlement from the Bavarian-speaking Upper Inn Valley .

District Middle Franconia, Swabian-Franconian to East Franconian

Abbreviations: OT = districts, Gde. = Municipality, NA = non-Alemannic municipality.

Border town comment
Wolfertsbronn Gde. Dinkelsbühl
Segringen Gde. Dinkelsbühl
Seidelsdorf Gde. Dinkelsbühl
Dinkelsbühl
Gersbronn Gde. Dinkelsbühl
Dürrwangen OT hop garden, Neuses, Flinsberg, Sulzach, Dürrwangen, Witzmannsmühle
Langfurth OT Neumühle, Oberkemmathen, Stöckau, Matzmannsdorf, Schlierberg
Ehingen OT Beyerberg, Friedrichsthal, Brunn, Shrinking of Honor, Hammerschmiede
Dennenlohe Gde. Unterschwaningen
Oberschwaningen Gde. Unterschwaningen
Unterschwaningen
Kröttenbach Gde. Unterschwaningen
Altentrüdingen Gde. Wassertrüdingen
Wassertrüdingen
Sliding roof Gde. Wassertrüdingen
Geilsheim Gde. Wassertrüdingen

Districts Middle Franconia and Swabia, Swabian to East Franconian

Abbreviations: M = Middle Franconia, Gde. = Community, NA = non-Alemannic community.

Border town comment
Westheim M.
Hohentrüdingen M. Gde. Heidenheim
Rossmeiersdorf M. Gde. Westheim
Zirndorf Gde. Auhausen
Hussingen M. Gde. Westheim
Unterappenberg Gde. Megesheim
Oberappenberg M. Gde. Polsingen
Ursheim M. Gde. Polsingen
Pole singing M.
Hagau Gde. Wolferstadt
Wolferstadt
Rothenberg Gde. Wolferstadt
Zwerchstrasse Gde. Wolferstadt
Weilheimerbach Gde. Otting
Weilheim City of Monheim NA.
Rehau City of Monheim NA.

District of Swabia, Swabian to Bavarian

North of the Danube

Abbreviations: Gde. = Community, NA = non-Alemannic community.

Border town comment
Rehau City of Monheim NA.
Rothenberg City of Monheim NA.
Cross City of Monheim NA.
Flotzheim City of Monheim NA.
Itzing City of Monheim NA.
Bergstetten Kaisheim market
Subbook Gde. Daiting NA.
Baierfeld Gde. Buchdorf
Buchdorf
Hafenreut Kaisheim market
Graisbach Gde. Marxheim NA.
Laughing District Graisbach , Gde. Marxheim NA.
Leitheim Kaisheim market
Altisheim Kaisheim market

South of the Danube

Abbreviations: Gde. = Community, NA = non-Alemannic community.

Territory of the Hochstift Augsburg along the Swabian-Bavarian language border area (1648)
Border town comment
Genderkingen 1478 to the Imperial Abbey of Kaisheim , 1803 to Bavaria. The Wörthen settlement unit north of the village , which consists of the seven farms of Bauernhannes, Breitwangerhof, Brenner, Donaulenz, Eichmühle, Heicheltoni and Lehenbauer , belongs to Genderkingen .
Oberndorf am Lech Settled from Genderkingen. 1533 to the Fugger , 1806 to Bavaria.
Ellgau 1753 to the Fugger, 1803 to Bavaria.
Ostendorf Gde. Meitingen . 1972 incorporated into Meitingen.
Waltershofen Gde. Meitingen . 1972 incorporated into Meitingen.
Meitingen 1803 to Bavaria.
Herbertshofen Gde. Meitingen . 1972 incorporated into Meitingen.
Langweid am Lech 1803 to Bavaria.
Stettenhofen Gde. Langweid am Lech . 1970 incorporated into Langweid.
Gersthofen Until 1803 to the Hochstift Augsburg , then to Bavaria.
Lechhausen Gde. Augsburg . In the possession of the bishop of Augsburg around 800. 1395 to the cathedral chapter of Augsburg. 1603 to Bavaria, 1705 to the imperial city of Augsburg for 14 years. 1900 town charter, incorporated into Augsburg in 1913.
High inches Gde. Augsburg . Area originally part of Friedberg (Lech border with Augsburg). From 1803 settlement a. a. by Protestant colonists from the Nördlinger Ries . 1818 independent municipality of Friedbergerau, which was renamed Hochzoll in 1905 and was incorporated into Augsburg in 1913.
Siebenbrunn Gde. Augsburg . Part of Bavaria before 1803. Independent community under the name Meringerau. 1910 incorporated into Augsburg as "Siebenbrunn".
Haunstetten Gde. Augsburg . 1012–1803 to the imperial abbey of St. Ulrich and Afra in Augsburg, then to Bavaria. 1952 city, incorporated into Augsburg in 1972.
Koenigsbrunn Did not arise until the 19th century, in 1842 the church was founded.
Oberottmarshausen 1803 to Bavaria.
Kleinaitingen Until 1803 to the Hochstift Augsburg, 1806 to Bavaria.
dig Settled from Schwabmünchen in the early Middle Ages . 1803 to Bavaria.
Klosterlechfeld Place originated in the 17th century. 1803 from Lechfeld Monastery to the Teutonic Order, 1806 to Bavaria. 1928 independent municipality (previously to Untermeitingen ).

District of Upper Bavaria, Swabian-Bavarian to Bavarian

Abbreviations: Gde. = Municipality.

Border town comment
Schwabstadl Gde. Obermeitingen
Hurlach
Underigling Gde. Igling
Erpfting Gde. Landsberg am Lech
Ellighofen Gde. Landsberg am Lech
Unterdießen
Dornstetten Gde. Unterdießen
Sea stable Gde. Fuchstal
Lechmühlen Gde. Fuchstal
Thinkers
Epfach Gde. Denklingen
Kinsau
Hohenfurch
Schongau
Peiting
Steingaden
Prem

District of Swabia, Swabian-Bavarian to Bavarian

Abbreviations: Gde. = Municipality.

Border town comment
Trauchgau Gde. Halbch
Halbch
Booking Gde. Halbch
Schwangau
Hohenschwangau Gde. Schwangau
Neuschwanstein Gde. Schwangau

Austria and Bavaria

Austria (Tyrol) and Bavaria (District of Swabia), Swabian and Lower Alemannic to Bavarian

Abbreviations: BY = Bavaria, N = Niederalemannisch, Gde. = Municipality, OT = districts of the municipality

Border town comment
Ammerwald Gde. Reutte
At the Plansee Gde. Breitenwang
Cheerfulness
Bichlbach OT Wengle, Lähn, Rautängerle
Berwang OT Bichlbächle, Mitteregg
Weißenbach am Lech
Hinterstein N. BY. Gde. Hindelang
Hinterhornbach N.
Oberstdorf N. BY. OT Spielmannsau and Einödsbach

Austria, Tyrol and Vorarlberg, High Alemannic to Bavarian

Abbreviations: V = Vorarlberg, Gde. = Municipality.

Border town comment
Haegerau Gde. Steeg
Steeg
Lechleiten Gde. Steeg
Warth V.
Lech V.
Zürs V. Gde. Lech
Parlors V. Gde. Klösterle
St. Anton
St. Jacob Gde. St. Anton
Ischgl

Austria, Tyrol and Vorarlberg, high Alemannic to Vallader

Abbreviations: V = Vorarlberg, Gde. = Municipality.

Border town comment
Ischgl
Mathon Gde. Ischgl
Galtür
Partenen V. Gde. Gaschurn

Switzerland (Cantons of Graubünden, St. Gallen, Glarus, Uri)

Canton of Graubünden, High / High Alemannic to Vallader / Surmiran / Sutsilvan

Abbreviations: H = High Alemannic, SM = to Surmiran, ST = to Sutsilvan, PG = political municipality.

Border town Remarks
Monastery
Davos
Monstein PG Davos
grasslands SM.
Schmitten SM.
Arosa SM.
Parpan H. SM. ST.
Churwalden H. ST.
Malix H. ST.
Chur H. ST.
Felsberg H. ST.
Tamins ST.
Kunkels ST. PG Tamins

Canton of Graubünden, Höchst Alemannic to Romansh, enclaves

The places in this section form enclaves and are surrounded by places of the traditional Rhaeto-Romanic language area of ​​Graubünden (TR) or by Italian-speaking places. According to Furer 2005, the TR is mainly defined by the majority of Romansh languages ​​during the early modern period. Borderline cases are Thusis and Sils in Domleschg , the majority of which have probably only been German-speaking since the early 19th century.

Avers and Obersaxen lie with their district each solitaire in TR. The barriers of all other municipalities collide, albeit in several, sometimes starkly separated, valley communities. Until the Germanization of Sils in Domleschg, Mutten was to be regarded as a solitaire.

Abbreviations: SM = to Surmiran, ST = to Sutsilvan, IT = to Italian, SR = to Sursilvan.

Border town Remarks geographical location
Obverse IT./SM./ST. Solitaire ( Ferrera Valley )
Mutt SM./ST. Solitaire during the Romansh language of Sils (Schyn).
Sils in Domleschg SM./ST. Probably not until the 19th century. Germanic speaking. Domleschg
Rongellen SM./ST. Shame
Thusis ST. Not until the 19th century. Germanic speaking. Heinzenberg
Masein ST. Heinzenberg
Primal mine ST. Heinzenberg
Tschappina ST. Heinzenberg
Sufers ST./IT. Rheinwald
Splügen IT. Rheinwald
Medels IT. Rheinwald
Nufenen IT. Rheinwald
Hinterrhein IT. Rheinwald
Vals IT./SR. Vals valley
St. Martin SR. Vals valley
Safien SR./ST. Safiental
Tenna SR./ST. Safiental
Versam SR./ST. Vorderrheintal ( Surselva )
Valendas SR. Vorderrheintal (Surselva)
Obersaxen SR. Solitaire (Vorderrheintal / Surselva)

Canton St. Gallen, High Alemannic to Sutsilvan

Abbreviations: PG = political municipality.

Border town comment
Vattis PG Pfäfers
St. Martin PG Pfäfers

Canton Glarus, High Alemannic to Sursilvan

Abbreviations: PG = political municipality.

Border town comment
Elm
Linthal
Animal feud PG Glarus South

Canton Uri, High Alemannic to Sursilvan or Italian

Abbreviations: IT = in Italian, OT = districts of a political municipality, PG = political municipality.

Border town comment
Silenen OT Bristen, Amsteg, Ried
Belt fasteners OT Gurtnellen, Wiler, Obermatten
Water
Göschenen
Andermatt IT too.
Hospental IT.
Realp IT.
Tiefenbach IT. PG Realp

Switzerland (cantons of Valais and Ticino) and Italy (regions of Piedmont and Aosta Valley)

Canton Valais, Region Piedmont and Canton Ticino, High Alemannic to Italian

Abbreviations: PM = Piedmont region, TI = Canton Ticino (Ticino), EX = Exclave, OT = districts of a political municipality, PG = political municipality, NA = non-Alemannic political municipality.

Border town Remarks
Oberwald OT Unterwassern and Oberwald
Upper frames
Ulrichen
Formazza (Pomatt) PM.
Bosco-Gurin TI.
Salecchio (Saley) PM. PG Premia NA.
Agaro (agar) PM. PG Premia NA. Disappeared in the Lago di Agaro reservoir .
Binn
Holy Cross PG Binn
Rosswald PG terms
Simplon
Gondo PG Zwischenbergen
Between mountains
Saas Almagell
Macugnaga (Maggana) PM.
Rimella (Remmalju) PM. EX.
Rima (Arimmu) PM.
Alagna (Lannja) PM.
Riva (Rifu) PM.

Aosta Valley region, High Alemannic to Italian and French

Abbreviations: EX = exclave.

Border town comment
Issime (Eischeme) EX ( Gaby )
Gressoney-Saint-Jean (Greschunei)
Gressoney-La-Trinité (Greschunei)

Canton of Valais, High Alemannic to French

Abbreviations: PG = political municipality.

Border town Remarks
Zmutt PG Zermatt
Zermatt
Bag
Randa
Avoid PG Oberems
Oberems
Agarn
Splash PG Leuk
Pfyn PG Leuk
Salgesch
In the
Leukerbad

Switzerland (Cantons of Bern, Friborg, Solothurn, Jura, Basel-Land)

Canton of Bern, High Alemannic to French

Abbreviations: PG = political municipality.

Border town Remarks
Lenk
Lauenen
Gsteig
Feutersoey PG Gsteig
Gstaad PG Saanen
Saanen
Schönried PG Saanen
Saanenmöser PG Saanen
Abländschen PG Saanen

Cantons of Friborg and Bern, High Alemannic to French

Between Jaun and Schiffenensee

Abbreviations: PG = political municipality.

Border town comment Share of
German - French
in %
Jaun 90-10
In the catch PG Jaun
Schwarzsee PG Plaffeien
Plasselb 93 - 2
Muelers PG St. New Years Eve
St. New Years Eve
Tentlingen 87-10
Pierrafortscha Traditionally in Romansh. 28-71
Marly Traditionally in Romansh. In the 18th and 19th centuries there was a relatively large German-speaking minority (28% in 1880). 17-93
Christlisberg PG St. Ursen
St. Ursen 90 - 9
Römerswil FR PG St. Ursen
Klein-Schönberg PG Tafers
Freiburg im Üechtland (Friborg) In the Middle Ages predominantly Germanic, later increasingly Romansh.
In 1888 37% still spoke German.
Traditional German place names east of the Saane / Sarine (Windig, Pfaffengarten, Staberg, Schönberg, Bürglen, Breitfeld).		 21-64
Uebewil PG Düdingen
Düdingen 90 - 5

Between Schiffenensee and Bielersee

Abbreviations: BE = Canton of Bern. NA = (total) congregation mostly not Alemannic.

Border town comment Shares Dt. - French in %
Barberêche (bear fishing) N / A. Alemannic in the Middle Ages, later increase in Romansh. 1830–1860 bilingual school, since around 1860 the entire community has been mostly French-speaking. but also districts with a traditional German-speaking majority, e.g. B. Vivers (Vivy) and Courmoen (Grimoine) . 22-74
Cordast PG Gurmels
Courtaman PG Courtepin NA. Officially bilingual, mostly and traditionally in Romansh. 44-55
Courtepin N / A. Mostly and traditionally in Romansh. Officially bilingual. 26 - 58
Wallenried (Esserts) N / A. Mostly and traditionally in Romansh. Officially bilingual. 44-54
Guschelmuth PG Gurmels
Gurmels 93 - 4
Jeuss 91-4
Salvenach 97 -
Cressier N / A. Mostly and traditionally in Romansh. Not officially bilingual. 40 - 54
Münchenwiler (Villars-les-Moines) BE. Mostly speaking Romansh until the 18th century. German-speaking school (also for Clavaleyres) since 1738.
Courlevon Mostly speaking Romansh until the 19th century. 93 - 5
Courgevaux (Gurwolf) Mostly French-speaking until the 20th century. Today bilingual community. 57-30
Clavaleyres BE. Mostly speaking Romansh until the 18th century.
Greng Mostly speaking Romansh until the 18th century. 92 - 5
Meyriez (Merlach) Originally in Romansh. 81-14
Murten ( Morat ) Mostly speaking Romansh up to the 17th century. 77-13
Muntelier ( Montilier ) Mostly speaking Romansh up to the 17th century. Place name Muntelier officially since 1911. 87-8
Galmiz ( Charmey ) Mostly speaking Romansh up to the 17th century. No French school since 1725. 90 - 5
Kerzers
Müntschemier BE.
Ins BE.
Gampelen BE.
Gals BE.
Erlach BE.

Cantons of Bern, Solothurn, Jura and Basel-Landschaft, High Alemannic to French

In the Swiss Jura , the language border between Schafis and Lützel Monastery describes a semicircle facing east. It mainly runs through areas of the former duchy of Basel , which was divided into a federal, Protestant southern part (today the canton of Bern) and a northern part that belonged to the Old Kingdom and remained Catholic (today the cantons of Jura and Basel-Landschaft), but also touches communities of the Bernese Old cantons (on Lake Biel and Lengnau BE ) and the canton of Solothurn. As early as the 16th century, German-speaking farmers and citizens moved into many of the Romanesque places in the prince-bishopric. These often adopted Romansh. Above all, however, the Anabaptists from the Emmental who settled on individual farms retained the German. Therefore, the Mont-Tramelan , which consists of scattered settlements, is still a predominantly German-speaking community in the middle of French. In the second half of the 19th century, many Romanesque farmers left their farms to go into the emerging industry. The farms that had become vacant were often taken over by German speakers. But German also predominated in some new industrial locations such as Choindez . Some feared the Germanization of the Bernese Jura . A sharp increase in French has since been observed in Biel . The special Alemannic dialects that occur in the Bernese Jura, such as Bieldytsch , have disappeared today, as the dialect has adapted to the surrounding dialects. In the Romanesque neighboring areas the patois prevailed until the 19th century, in more remote areas such as around Pleigne or Clos du Doubs until the 20th century.

From Lake Biel to the Canton of Solothurn

These areas at the southern foot of the Jura now all belong to the canton of Bern. Ligerz, Twann and Tüscherz-Alfermée as well as Lengnau are old Bernese villages. All other places belonged to the federal part of the Principality of Basel and only came to the Canton of Bern in 1815.

Political community Remarks
La Neuveville (Neuenstadt) Romanesque city. The hamlet of Schafis ( Chavannes ) was German-speaking in the 17th century at the earliest.
Ligerz (Gléresse) Mostly French-speaking until the 18th century. The school was bilingual until the end of the 18th century.
Twann (Douanne) Districts Gaicht, Twannberg, Gruebmatt. German-speaking since the 17th century.
Tüscherz-Alfermée
Biel / Bienne The city without the incorporations was traditionally German-speaking.
Immigration of French speakers since the 19th century, later officially bilingual.
The incorporated villages of Vingelz and Bözingen ( Boujean ) are traditionally German-speaking.
Evilard (Leubringen) Evilard and its hamlet Macolin (Magglingen) are traditionally Romansh-speaking and are now officially bilingual.
Pieterlen
Lengnau

From the southern foot of the Jura to the scolding

Between Grenchen and Seehof, the linguistic border follows the border between Solothurn, which is Catholic here, and the prince-bishop's rule of Moutier-Grandval (federal, Protestant part of the prince-bishopric) and the watershed between Aare and Birs. With the dwarf communities of Seehof and Schelten (both rule Moutier-Grandval, the latter as an exclave) and the court settlement of Wiler (municipality of Vermes, rule of Delémont , Catholic part of the prince-bishopric), it descends somewhat from the watershed into the catchment area of ​​the Scheltenbach .

Abbreviations: SO = Canton Solothurn, BE = Canton Bern, JU = Canton Jura.

Political community Remarks
Grenchen SO
Selzach SO
Goose fountain SO
Welschenrohr SO
Seehof BE. German-speaking since 18th century.
Vermes JU. Romanesque village. The district of Envelier (German Wiler , also Im Wiler ) in German.
Scold BE. German-speaking since 17th century.

Via the Birs to the southern part of the Lützel monastery state

Here, with one exception, the language border initially follows the watershed and the Solothurnian border and then mainly runs through the western and northern fringes of the prince-bishop's rule of Delémont. It crosses Birs and Lützelbach . The prince-bishop's part of the territory of the bilingual Lützel monastery, which was divided into the Romanesque communities of Pleigne, Bourrignon and Charmoille about 200 years ago, also belonged to the rule of Delémont (see also the following chapter).

Abbreviations: SO = Canton Solothurn, JU = Canton Jura, BL = Canton Basel-Landschaft

Political community comment
Beinwil SO
Montsevelier JU. The Greierli / Greierlet farm has been, according to Müller, since the 17th century. German speaking.
Erschwil SO
Grindel SO
Bärschwil SO
Vicques JU. Romanesque community. In the north of the municipality the place Retemberg.
Courroux JU. Romanesque community. In the west of the municipality the places Haseburg, Nesselhof, Schlössli, Hindere Rohrberg, Pierreberg and Horniberg. According to Müller, Rohrberg and Nesselhof have been German-speaking for a long time.
Soyhières JU. Romanesque community. The hamlet of Riedes-Dessus (Oberriederwald), which belonged to Courroux until 1856, was German-speaking according to Müller.
Liesberg BL. The communities (Nieder-) Riederwald and Vordere Rohrberg belong to the community.
Kleinlützel SO
Roggenburg BL
Ederswiler JU. Mostly speaking Romansh up to the 17th century. Field names 2005: Halle, Hagimatt, Lob, Sihlbrugg, Berg, Chüeweid, Gros Pré, Risel, Habschälle, Hinderi Wältschimatt, Landei, Tschentmung.
Movelier JU. Romanesque community. In the west of the municipality in the middle of the 20th century. two German-speaking farms: Prés Strayait (litter mats) and La Réselle (Riesel) .
Pleigne JU. Romanesque community. After the abolition of the Lützel monastery, a large part of its territory was incorporated into Pleigne. The outside courtyards with changing language conditions. Middle of the 20th century. five German-speaking courts: Löwenburg JU , Moulin Neuf (Neumühle), Derrie le Tchété (rear lock), Selle au Roi (judge's chair) and Forme.
Bourrignon JU. Romanesque community. Took up a small part of the Lützel monastery marking (Le Moulin and Combe Juré). Middle of the 20th century. five German-speaking courtyards: Chésel, Mermets Dessous, Mont, Les Plainbois, Bellevue.
Charmoille JU. Romanesque community. Took a small part of the Lützel monastery marking (Mont Lucelle and Le grand Pré).

France (Haut-Rhin and Bas-Rhin departments and Lorraine region)

Haut-Rhin department, High Alemannic to French

Here the language border runs partly along the Swiss-French border, otherwise through the middle of the Old Habsburg Sundgau , which came to the Kingdom of France in 1648 (today's Territoire de Belfort also belonged to the Sundgau). Courtavon and Levoncourt , in the wedge between the language and state borders, were Alemannic in the Middle Ages.

The Lützel Monastery (1123 / 1124–1792) had a bilingual, but predominantly German-speaking convent; the development of the municipal boundaries around Lützel is unclear. The monastery buildings of Lützel were on both sides of the border between the duchy of Basel in the south (today Switzerland) and the county of Pfirt in the north (1324 Front Austria , 1648 France). Lützel was unable to develop sovereignty, but presumably an exemption area around the monastery. In 1757 the border between France and Basel was shifted slightly to the south, so that the monastery buildings came to rest entirely on French territory. The outside courtyards that belong to Pleigne today (with the exception of Forme) belonged to the monastic exemption and were merged with the district of Pleigne after the abolition of the Lützel monastery in 1792. Presumably the northern French parts of the Lützeler Exemption with the monastery buildings now form the Alsatian dwarf community of Lucelle ; Probably a small corner in the west of the monastery area came to the Swiss municipality of Charmoille .

Border town standarddt. Surname Remarks
Lucelle Lützel See comments on Lützel and Lützel Abbey above. The field and place names of the municipality: Largwald, Dielenrain, Sägergraben, Sägerkopf, Pfaffenloch, Kohlberg, Kapellenkopf, Riesenkopf, Grabenfeld, St-Pierre.
Oberlarg In the municipality, the places Morimont (courtyard and castle), Roche au Corbeau, Rocher de la Sorciere, Les Ebourbettes, La Vacherie, Gimnes and Séveran.
Levoncourt Romanesque community. Germanic-speaking in the Middle Ages.
Courtavon Romanesque community. Germanic-speaking in the Middle Ages. In the municipality the places Frohrain, Rohr, Grisrain and Schweizerwald.
Liebsdorf
Pfetterhouse Pfetterhausen
Seppois-le-Bas Lower sept
Ueberstrass Overstrass
Friezes

Haut-Rhin department, Upper Rhine Manic to French

Burgundian gate

In the Burgundian Gate , this open gateway landscape between Alemannia and Burgundy , the Rhine and the Saône , the Jura and the Vosges , the language border runs in the vicinity of the watershed between the North Sea and the Mediterranean . In addition, it is partly congruent with the current departmental border (which in turn goes back to the state border that was valid from 1871 to 1918), and partly it extends a little to the east. To the west and east of the language border, the area belonged to the Old Habsburg Sundgau until 1648 , then to the Kingdom of France .

Border town standarddt. Surname Remarks
Hindlingen
Strueth Strüth
Saint-Ulrich Ortisei
Altenach
Manspach Mansbach
Retzwiller Retzweiler
Elbach Ellbach
Bréchaumont Brückensweiler The Les Bas Champs courtyard with the corridors La Renardière , Raybois and Haute Vie as well as Notre-Dame de Bellefontaine mglw. traditional Romansh-speaking area.
Guevenatten Gevenatten
Star Mountain
Soppe-le-Bas Niedersulzbach
Soppe-le-Haut Obersulzbach
Mortzwiller Morzweiler

Dollertal

The Dollertal , southernmost of the Vosges valleys draining to the Rhine, belonged to the territory of the Masmünster Monastery . This was a rural monastery in front of Austria until 1648 and then came to the Kingdom of France .

Abbreviations: Gde. = Municipality.

Border town standarddt. Surname Remarks
Masevaux Masmunster
Kirchberg
Dolleren Dollern
Sewen
Oberbruck
Ermensbach Gde. Rimbach
Rimbach

Thur valley

The Thurtal belonged downhill up to and including Bitsch hamlet to the former monastery Murbach . This is located in the Lauchtal valley, which is adjacent to the north but not on the main ridge of the Vosges, was an imperial monastery and after 1680 became more and more dependent on the Kingdom of France . During the French Revolution , Murbach's territory finally came to France .

Abbreviations: Gde. = Municipality.

Border town standarddt. Surname Remarks
Storckensohn Stork sows
Urbès Urbis
Fellering Felleringen The Col d'Oderen is located in the municipality of Fellering.
Thalhorn Gde. Fellering
Kruth Krüt
Wildenstein

Munster Valley

The following places in the Munster Valley belonged to the territory of the Imperial City of Munster, which was organized in the League of Ten , or to the County of Rappoltstein and came to the Kingdom of France in the second half of the 17th century .

Abbreviations: Gde. = Municipality.

Border town standarddt. Surname Remarks
Metzeral The municipality of Mittlach is also surrounded by that of Metzeral.
Stosswihr Stossweier
Rosselwasen Gde. Stosswihr
Soultzeren Sulzern
Hohrod
Gunsbach Gunsbach
Wihr-au-Val Weier in the valley
Walbach

Middle Alsatian plain

Between Münstertal and Breuschtal , the traditional Romanesque-Germanic language border lies far east of the Vosges main ridge, between Türkheim and Kestenholz the “border towns” are even east of the forest area of ​​the Vosges itself Up to the French Revolution, it was politically strongly structured (including the imperial city of Türkheim, the Duchy of Württemberg , the County of Rappoltstein , the Duchy of Lorraine ). Sainte-Marie-aux-Mines (Markirch), located to the west of the traditional language border in the Vallée de la Lièpvrette (Lebertal) , only received significant German-speaking immigration for a short period through mining and the industrial revolution .

Abbreviations: Gde. = Municipality.

Border town standarddt. Surname Remarks
Turckheim Türkheim
Ammerschwihr Ammerschweier
Kaysersberg
Riquewihr Reichenweier
origin Gde. Riquewihr
Bilsteinthal Gde. Riquewihr
Ribeauvillé Rappoltsweiler
La Grande Verrerie Glassworks Gde. Ribeauvillé
St-Hippolyte St. Pilt Forest areas in the Lebertal (north of the Tännchel, around Mollenbach and around the Kälbling) belong to St-Hippolyte as an exclave.

Département Bas-Rhin, Upper Rhine Manic to French, Orschweiler to Weilertal

In the area where the Lebertal valley joins the Upper Rhine Plain, the language border coincides with the departmental border. - In the Weilertal , which was divided between episcopal Strasbourg territory in the south and western Austrian territory in the north and west ( Albrechtstal ), the language border runs across the valley, regardless of these historical political borders.

Abbreviations: Gde. = Municipality.

Border town standarddt. Surname Remarks
Orschwiller Orschweiler
Kintzheim Kinzheim
Vancelle Wanzel
Neubois Gereuth (Krüt)
Neuve-Église Neukirch
Breitenau Despite the German place name, traditionally mainly Romansh-speaking population. 1887 100 patois-speaking families and seven German-speaking families.
Villé hamlet
Bassemberg Bassenberg
St. Martin St. Martin
Maisonsgoutte Meisengut / Meisengott (sic) Despite the Romance name, Maisonsgoutte is one of the traditional Germanic-speaking places.
Wagenbach Gde. Maisonsgoutte
Rise Steige was Germanic-speaking until the Thirty Years War (1618-1648); many of the hamlets surrounding the main town in the municipality have probably always remained Romanesque. After the Thirty Years' War, the village, largely depopulated by the war, was resettled with mostly French-speaking colonists from Switzerland, Lorraine, Provence, Picardy and Holland (see explanations in the next section).
Warrior's mat Gde. Breitenbach
Breitenbach

Département Bas-Rhin, Upper Rhine-Manish to French or Rhine-Franconian, Weilertal to Breuschtal

Especially in Lorraine , but also in the Lower Alsace Vosges , the zone of Romance-Germanic language contact, which was stable for many centuries, shifted more or less strongly to the northeast in the 17th century . Probably one of the most important causes is to be found in the evacuation by the Thirty Years War and the subsequent resettlement by Romansh speakers. The former “border” is sometimes difficult to determine.

The first table shows the border towns between the Weilertal (Val de Villé) and the Breuschtal (Vallée de la Bruche) since the 17th century, bordering (linguistically and politically) “New French” area; the second table the presumed border locations or border areas in the time before.

Border towns since the 17th century (Upper Rhine Manic to French)

In the area of ​​the Steintal ( Ban de la Roche ) only the Catholic, episcopal-Strasbourg Natzweiler with the area of ​​the later Struthof concentration camp remained Alemannic; the remaining villages, most of which belonged to the Protestant principality of Pfalz-Veldenz , became Romansh-speaking. In the rest of the Breuschtal below Schirmeck, the border runs through episcopal Strasbourg territory, which, like almost all of today's Alsace, came under royal French sovereignty in the 17th century .

Abbreviations: Gde. = Municipality.

Border town standarddt. Surname Remarks
Hohwald
Natzwiller Natzweiler
Struthof Gde. Natzwiller
Muckenbach Gde. Grendelbruch
Grendelbruch
Bachmats Gde. Muhlbach-sur-Bruche

From the 17th century French-speaking (before that, Upper Rhine-German to French or Rhine-Franconian)

Even the former border area mostly does not run on the Vosges main ridge, but across the Breuschtal. However, it can be assumed that there was a language border border, a transition area in which Germanic and Romance speaking people lived in many municipal areas. The field and place names also suggest this. This applies above all to the remote areas west of the upper Breusch (municipal areas of Plaine and La Broque ), which until 1871 did not belong to Alsace, but to Lorraine. The permanently Romansh-speaking communities in the uppermost valley area ( Saulxures , Colroy , Ranrupt , Bourg and Saales ) belonged to Upper Austria (until 1648) or to the County of Salm (until 1793). Also Grand Fontaine , whose territory in 1871 in a strange way the detriment of territories of Raon-lès-Leau and Raon-sur-Plaine was extended, was probably outside the Germanic-Romanic contact area. The former Germanic-speaking (Rhine-Franconian) communities in Lorraine to the west are Turquestein-Blancrupt ( Diocese of Metz ) and Saint-Quirin ( Duchy of Lorraine ). The table shows not only border towns, but all towns in the area that was affected by a more or less pronounced change of language in the 17th century.

Abbreviations: RF = border place to the Rhine Franconian, OT = district, Gde. = Municipality.

Place with language change standarddt. Surname Remarks
Rise
Haut de Steige Top climbs Gde. Rise
Bellefosse Schöngrund
Blancherupt Bliensbach
St-Blaise-la-Roche Helmsgreuth
Belmont Schönenberg
Waldersbach
Fouday Urbach
Plaine Blen OT Plaine, Champenay, Diespach
Solbach
Neuviller-la-Roche Neuweiler
Wildersbach
Rothau
La Broque Advance OT Les Quelles, Salm, Fréconrupt, Albet
Schirmeck
Wackenbach Gden Schirmeck and La Broque (Vacquenoux)
Barembach Bärenbach
Soot
Hersbach RF. Gde. Wishes
Wipe Wipe RF.
Netzenbach RF. Gde. Wishes
Lutzelhouse Lützelhausen RF.

Département Bas-Rhin, Upper Rhine-Manish to Rhine-Franconian, Mühlbach to Melch

Between Breuschtal and Zorn

On the north side of the Breuschtal, the language border runs through the former episcopal-Strasbourg area. North of it and into the area of Saverne sink it is not always with the western border between the departments of Bas-Rhin and Moselle together, which is based on political boundaries to its creation in the wake of the French Revolution were. Rather, the border in the area west of Saverne (Zabern) - which itself lies entirely within the border - has a western bulge into the Moselle department . This even extends a little over the mountain range of the Zorn . Since she even touches on the French dialect dream there, she isolates some places with the Rhine-Franconian tongue - the main town of the municipality of Dabo , in German Dagsburg, and the municipality of Walscheid - from the contiguous area of ​​this dialect in the northern part of the Moselle department. A little further north there is also a small strip of left-angry area still in the Alemannic-speaking area with some settlements in the eastern part of the district of Phalsbourg and the neighboring village of Danne-et-Quatre-vents.

Abbreviations: Gde. = Municipality, BR = Département Bas-Rhin , MOS = Département Moselle

Border town standarddt. Surname Remarks
Muhlbach-sur-Bruche Mühlbach BR
Urmatt BR
Oberhaslach BR
Windsbourg Windsburg Gde. Wangenbourg-Engenthal BR
Wangenbourg Wangenburg Gde. Wangenbourg-Engenthal BR
Engenthal Gde. Wangenbourg-Engenthal BR
Climb up Gde. Wangenbourg-Engenthal BR
La Hoube Hub Gde. Dabo MOS
Reinhardsmunster Reinhardsmünster BR
Hellert Gde. Dabo MOS
Schaeferhof Schäferhof Gde. Dabo MOS
Harreberg Haarberg MOS
Hommert × MOS
Troisfontaines × Three wells MOS
Biberkirch Gde. Troisfontaines MOS
Hartzviller × Harzweiler MOS
Guntzviller × Gunzweiler MOS
Arzviller × Arzweiler MOS
Saint-Louis × Heiersberg + MOS
Garrebourg Garburg MOS
Haegen Hagging BR
Danne-et-Quatre-Vents × Then and four winds MOS
Bois-de-Chênes × ∗ Oak barracks Gde. Phalsbourg (dt. Pfalzburg ) MOS
Trois-Maisons × Three houses Gde. Phalsbourg MOS
+ only Germanized in this way from 1940–1944
× left the upper anger
∗ with two settlement areas: Bois-de-Chênes-Bas and Bois-de-Chênes-Haut

Between Zabern and Baerenthal

The dialect borders run through the Bas-Rhin département, which stretches to the west ( Krummes Alsace ), as the evangelical towns did not want to belong to a Lorraine, Catholic-dominated Moselle département for religious reasons . In the area of ​​the main dialect border selected here, the places indicated as Rhine-Franconian belonged to Zittersheim zu Pfalz-Zweibrücken , the places indicated as Alemannic to Weitersweiler belonged to the County of Hanau-Lichtenberg or to the possessions of the Leininger .

Abbreviations: Gde. = Municipality.

Border town standarddt. Surname Remarks
Eckartswiller Eckartsweiler
Oberhof Gde. Eckartswiller
Thomastal Gde. Neuwiller
Johannisthal Gde. Neuwiller
Furthermore willer Weitersweiler
Sparsbach
Erckartswiller Erkartsweiler
Wimmenau
Wildenguth Gde. Reipertswiller
Melch Gde. Reipertswiller

Lorraine region, Upper Rhine Manic to Rhine Franconian

The only two traditionally Alemannic-speaking places in the Moselle department belonged to the County of Hanau-Lichtenberg , the north-western places to the part of the County of Bitsch , which was ducal-Lorraine after 1570 .

Abbreviations: OT = district, Gde. = Municipality.

Border town standarddt. Surname Remarks
Rosselhof Gde. Baerenthal
Baerenthal Bärenthal
Philippsbourg Philippsburg OT Bannstein and Rothenbourg

Département Bas-Rhin, Upper Rhine-Manish to Rhine-Franconian, Neunhofen to Beinheim

On both sides of the mostly located in Alsace dialect border area, the places were among early modern period , especially the rule of Fleckenstein , the Hanau-Lichtenberg , to sickingischen rule Hohenburg to Palatine territories and the Bishopric of Speyer . The village of Beinheim was the main town of the only old Baden property in Alsace, the rule of Beinheim (with people home and Neuhäusel ).

Between Neunhofen and Hochwald

Here, in the south of the Palatinate Forest , the selected dialect border partially coincides with the state border between France and Rhineland-Palatinate .

Abbreviations: Gde. = Municipality.

Border town standarddt. Surname Remarks
Neunhoffen Neunhofen Gde. Dambach
Neudoerfel Neudörfel Gde. Dambach
Obersteinbach
Niedersteinbach
Wengelsbach Gde. Niedersteinbach
Fleckenstein Gde. Lembach
Froensburg Frönsburg Gde. Lembach
Wings
Petit wings Kleinwingen (also "Neudörfel") Gde. Wingen
Climbach

Between the high forest and the Rhine

Here the main dialect borders run a little north of the Hagenau Forest , which is often referred to as the dialect border area, and a little south of the state border established here in 1815. In the 19th and 20th centuries, perhaps due to the border location, a few language features considered Alemannic moved north.

Abbreviations: Gde. = Community, NA = non-Alemannic community.

Border town standarddt. Surname Remarks
(Parish forest area south of the Col du Pfaffenschlick) Gde. Soultz-sous-Forêts
Memmelshoffen Memmelshofen
Retschwiller Retschweiler
Hermerswiller Hermersweiler Gde. Hope NA.
Hohwiller Hohweiler Gde. Soultz-sous-Forêts
Kuhlendorf Kühlendorf Gde. Betschdorf
Rittershoffen Rittershofen
Had
Forest field
Beinheim

literature

Sorted by year of publication.

2000s

  • Jean-Jacques Furer : The current situation of Romanesque , Neuchâtel 2005, ed. by the Federal Statistical Office [Results of the Federal Population Census 2000 and more recent surveys on the situation of Romansh in Graubünden; also contains a detailed description of the traditional Romansh-speaking area of ​​Graubünden (TR) ]
  • The district of Rastatt , Stuttgart 2005 [to the north of the Upper Rhine Manish in Baden]
  • Modern dialects - new dialectology . Files from the 1st congress of the International Society for Dialectology of German (IGDD) at the Research Institute for the German Language “Deutscher Sprachatlas” of the Philipps University of Marburg from 5. – 8. March 2003, / ed. by Eckhard Eggers, Stuttgart 2005
  • Arnulf Krause: The history of the Teutons , Frankfurt / Main u. a. 2005
  • Heinrich Löffler : Linguistic research in the border area , Tübingen 2004
  • Alemannic in a language comparison . Contributions to the 14th workshop for Alemannic dialectology in Männedorf (Zurich) from 16. – 18. September 2002, ed. by Elvira Glaser, Stuttgart 2004
  • Marthe Philipp, Erich Wieder: To be and have in the Alsace-Lorraine dialect dream , Stuttgart 2002
  • Paul Zinsli : Walser folklore in Switzerland, Vorarlberg, Liechtenstein and Italy. Heritage, existence, essence . Frauenfeld 1968; 7th supplement A. Chur 2002
  • Philipp Haselbach: Between line and zone. Freiburg's language border in the period 1890–1960. A contribution to the canton's language history , Freiburg 2001
  • Werner König : dtv-Atlas on the German language , 13th revised edition, Munich 2001
  • Dialectology between tradition and new approaches . Contributions from the International Conference of Dialectologists, Göttingen, 19. – 21. October 1998, ed. by Dieter Stellmacher , Stuttgart 2000
  • From the Middle Ages to the Modern Age , ed. by Dorothea Klein u. a., Wiesbaden 2000 [article by Werner Wegstein]
  • Frank Siegmund: Alemannen und Franken , Berlin 2000

1990s

  • Peter Zürrer : Language island dialects. Walser German in the Aosta Valley (Italy) , Aarau 1999
  • Colette Méchin: Frontière linguistique et frontière des usages en Lorraine , Nancy 1999
  • Syntax and stylistics of everyday language . Contributions to the 12th workshop on Alemannic dialectology, September 25-29, 1996 in Ellwangen / Jagst, ed. by Arno Ruoff and Peter Löffelad, Tübingen 1997
  • Rainald Bücherl: Dialect change and language variation as a didactic problem. An inventory in the Bavarian-Swabian (Lechrainian) transition dialect , Regensburg 1995
  • Arno Ruoff : The Franconian-Alemannic Language Border , Tübingen 1992

1980s

  • Heinrich Kleine: Phonological and statistical-dialect-geographic investigations on local dialects of northern Alsace , Stuttgart 1989 [therein: Oberrheinalem.-rheinfränk. Dialect border in northern Alsace]
  • Johannes Künzig: The Alemannic-Swabian Fasnet , 3rd A .: Change. Reprint d. Edition Freiburg im Breisgau 1950, Freiburg im Breisgau 1989
  • Karlheinz Jakob: Dialect and regional language in the Heilbronn area. For the classification of dialect features in a dialect-geographic transition landscape , Marburg 1985
  • Hugo Steger : spatial division of the dialects. Preliminary studies on language continuity in the German southwest , Stuttgart 1983
  • Werner Besch u. a. (Ed.): Dialectology. A handbook for German and general dialect research , Berlin a. a. 1982–83 (?)
  • Gerhard Binggeli: From the Jura to the Matterhorn along the German-French language border , Zurich 1982
  • Peter Wiesinger : Bibliography on the grammar of German dialects , Bern 1982
  • Werner König: Bavarian dialects , Munich 1980
  • Renate Schrambke: The linguistic level landscape on the Middle Baden Upper Rhine , Freiburg i. Br. 1980

1945 to 1970s

  • Elisabetta Fazzini Giovanucci: The Alemannic dialects in western northern Italy , Wiesbaden 1978
  • Rudolf Freudenberg: The Alemannic-Bavarian border area in diachrony and synchrony , Marburg 1974
  • Bruno Roth: The Romance-German language border in the Murten area during the XV. Century , Freiburg 1965
  • August Gabler: The Alemannic and Franconian colonization of the Hesselberg landscape , Augsburg 1961
  • Karl Bohnenberger : The Alemannic dialect. Boundary, internal structure and labeling , Tübingen 1953
  • CA Müller: Das Buch vom Berner Jura , Derendingen 1953, pp. 220-239.
  • Hermann Weigold: Investigations into the language border on the north bank of Lake Biel , Bern 1948
  • Bruno Boesch : Investigations into the Alemannic document language of the 13th century. Phonology and form theory , Bern 1946

Before 1945

  • Eduard Friedrich Nübling: The "three-tribe corner" in Bavaria (Swabian - Bavarian - Franconian) in linguistic and historical perspective , Augsburg 1938
  • Georg Moser: Studies on the dialect geography of the perennial area and the adjacent Lechrain , Marburg 1936
  • Karl Bohnenberger: Across the eastern border of the Alemannic , Halle (Saale) 1928
  • Eberhard Kranzmayer : The Swabian-Bavarian dialects on Lechrain with consideration of the neighboring dialects , Munich 1927
  • Jakob Zimmerli: The German-French language border in Switzerland , three volumes, Basel 1891–1899
  • Constant This: The German-French language border in Alsace , Strasburg 1888
  • Constant This: The German-French language border in Lorraine , Strasburg 1887

Language atlases

Historical and other atlases with language geography

Magazines

  • Contributions to German Philology (BDPH)
  • Contributions to Swiss German grammar (BSG)
  • Contributions to Swiss German Dialect Research (BSM)
  • German dialectography (up to volume 100 "German dialect geography") (DDG)
  • Germanic-Romance monthly magazine (GRM)
  • Teuthonista
  • Journal for Dialectology and Linguistics (ZDL)
  • Journal for German Dialects (ZDM)
  • Journal for German Philology (ZDPH)
  • Journal for the German Language (ZDS)
  • Journal for German Studies and Linguistics (ZGL)
  • Journal for High German Dialects (ZHM)
  • Journal for Dialect Research (ZMF)

Individual evidence

  1. ↑ On mixing phenomena and alternation of the three Upper German dialects in this area cf. New, David: One speaker - several dialects: code mixing and code switching in the tridialectal area around Dinkelsbühl. Published online at urn: nbn: de: bvb: 824-opus4-2153 or http://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-ku-eichstaett/frontdoor/index/index/docId/215
  2. ↑ See König / Renn 2007, pp. 24–26. There is also a transition area between Franconian and Bavarian dialect, which extends roughly around Treuchtlingen.
  3. ↑ See König / Renn 2007, pp. 24–26.
  4. ↑ See König / Renn 2007, pp. 22, 28, 30.
  5. ↑ According to the latest studies, a small part of Bavarian must also be taken into account here, cf. the dissertation by Neu, David at urn: nbn: de: bvb: 824-opus4-2153 or http://opus4.kobv.de/opus4-ku-eichstaett/frontdoor/index/index/docId/215
  6. ↑ http://www2.augsburg.de/fileadmin/www/dat/02ra/verwaltungswegweiser/620/pdf/Augsburger_Allgemeine_30_04.pdf Article in the Augsburger Allgemeine, PDF document.
  7. ↑ Unless otherwise stated, according to the 2000 census.
  8. ↑ Unless otherwise stated, based on the 2000 census.
  9. ↑ 2006
  10. ↑ Müller 1953, pp. 220-239.
  11. ↑ a b Müller 1953, p. 228.
  12. ↑ a b c Müller 1953, p. 227.
  13. ↑ a b c Müller 1953, p. 226.
  14. ↑ Bienz / Gallusser, Kulturlandschaft, in: Regio Basiliensis III (1961/62), p. 76. Müller 1953, p. 225.
  15. ↑ a b Bienz / Gallusser, Kulturlandschaft, in: Regio Basiliensis III (1961/62), p. 86.
  16. ↑ a b Bienz / Gallusser, Kulturlandschaft, in: Regio Basiliensis III (1961/62), p. 71 ff.
  17. ^ André Chèvre, Cisterciens de Lucelle, in: Helvetia Sacra III / 3, p. 292.
  18. ↑ See archive link ( Memento of the original from April 12, 2013 in the Internet Archive ) Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. . @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / 3.diwa.info
  19. ↑ See menu item "Histoire" ( Memento from November 19, 2008 in the Internet Archive ).

Web links