Birkenfeld (Württemberg)
| coat of arms | Germany map | |
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Coordinates: 48 ° 52 ' N , 8 ° 38' E |
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| Basic data | ||
| State : | Baden-Württemberg | |
| Administrative region : | Karlsruhe | |
| County : | Enzkreis | |
| Height : | 352 m above sea level NHN | |
| Area : | 19.04 km 2 | |
| Residents: | 10,238 (Dec. 31, 2018) | |
| Population density : | 538 inhabitants per km 2 | |
| Postal code : | 75217 | |
| Primaries : | 07231, 07082 | |
| License plate : | PF | |
| Community key : | 08 2 36 004 | |
| Address of the municipal administration: |
Marktplatz 6 75217 Birkenfeld |
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| Website : | ||
| Mayor : | Martin Steiner | |
| Location of the municipality of Birkenfeld in the Enzkreis | ||
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Birkenfeld is a Württemberg municipality in the Enz in Baden-Württemberg . It borders directly on the city of Pforzheim .
geography
location
Birkenfeld is located in the Enz Valley at an altitude of 260 to 352 meters, about seven kilometers from Pforzheim .
Community structure
The former municipality of Graefenhausen belongs to the municipality of Birkenfeld. The village of Birkenfeld and the houses at Haltpunkt Engelsbrand belong to the municipality of Birkenfeld within the limits of before the municipal reform in the 1970s. The villages of Graefenhausen and Obernhausen, which have grown together, belong to the former municipality of Graefenhausen. Obernhausen is the smallest district in the municipality of Birkenfeld. In Obernhausen there is a fistball court and a historical, well-preserved wine press.
Neighboring communities
The following towns and communities border the community of Birkenfeld: Pforzheim, Keltern , Straubenhardt , Neuenbürg and Engelsbrand .
history
Until the 19th century
The first settlement in Birkenfeld, documented by grave finds, dates back to 400 BC. BC back. The settlers at that time were Celts. Around the year 100 AD, the area around Birkenfeld belonged to Roman rule. During this time a Roman manor was built. From the year 500 onwards, Birkenfeld was settled by Alemanni and later by Franks.
Birkenfeld is first mentioned in a document in 1302. Since 1322 Birkenfeld belonged to the county of Württemberg and from 1495 to the duchy of Württemberg . The existence of a mill was also documented for the first time in 1322. The first school in town was built in 1566. In the Thirty Years' War Birkenfeld was not destroyed, but plundered several times. When the administrative structure was implemented in the Kingdom of Württemberg , which was newly founded in 1806 , Birkenfeld remained assigned to the traditional Oberamt Neuenbürg . In 1856 the first industrial company opened, a branch of the Neuenbürg scythe factory. With the opening of its own Birkenfeld train station in 1888 on the Württemberg Enz Valley Railway, which had already been in operation 20 years earlier , the community was connected to Pforzheim in terms of transport.
After the Second World War
During the district reform during the Nazi era , Birkenfeld came to the Calw district in 1938 . Since 1945 the place belonged to the French occupation zone and as part of Württemberg it was assigned to the newly founded state of Württemberg-Hohenzollern in 1947, which was added to the state of Baden-Württemberg in 1952. In 1973 the district reform took place , with Birkenfeld joining the Enzkreis.
Graefenhausen
Graefenhausen is older than Birkenfeld. It had its own church as early as 1100. Originally straubhardtisch , the place came under Württemberg rule in 1422 and has since experienced the same regional and administrative history as Birkenfeld. On January 1, 1972, the community of Graefenhausen was incorporated into Birkenfeld. The district of Obernhausen is still in the Gräfenhausen district. This never had its own district, a church or a cemetery.
religion
Until 1490 Birkenfeld belonged to the parish of Brötzingen . In Birkenfeld there was an old Lady Chapel, which was replaced by a larger church in 1490 when the town was raised to an independent parish. Due to its affiliation with Württemberg, the place was reformed in 1534 and remained purely Protestant until the 19th century. In 1828 a new church was built. After it burned down in 1875, today's Protestant church was built on its foundation walls.
The local Catholics were initially taken care of by the Wildbad parish office in Neuenbürg, where in 1958 their own Catholic parish was founded. In 1960 the Birkenfeld Catholics built the Church of St. Klara.
An Evangelical Methodist congregation has existed in the village since 1967 and built the Christ Church in 1970/71. There are also two congregations of the New Apostolic Church .
Population development
- 1825: 928 inhabitants
- 1910: 3,215 inhabitants
- 1961: 7,667 inhabitants, 1,700 of them in Graefenhausen
- 1970: 8,990 inhabitants, 1,983 of them in Graefenhausen
- 1991: 9,583 inhabitants
- 1995: 9,916 inhabitants
- 2005: 10,610 inhabitants
- 2008: 10,541 inhabitants
- 2010: 10,600 inhabitants
- 2015: 10,224 inhabitants
- 2017: 10,108 inhabitants
politics
mayor
The oldest evidence of a mayor in Birkenfeld comes from the holy bill of 1395, in which a mayor Hans is mentioned as the founder of an early mass. The town's mayors have been well known since 1705. With Ernst Neuhaus, a Birkenfeld mayor was the first to carry the official title of mayor in 1929 .
Schultheißen:
- 1705 to 1718: Caspar Hell
- 1718 to 1730: Johann Fr. Schroth
- 1730 to 1777: Georg Fr. Regelmann
- 1792 to 1814: Johann Friedrich Regelmann
- 1814 to 1818: Gottlieb Friedrich Volz
- 1818 to 1837: Christian Dittus
- 1837 to 1839: Michael Ilg
- 1840 to 1849: Georg Adam Tränkle
- 1849 to 1866: Philipp Wessinger
- 1866 to 1891: Friedrich Josef Wagner
- 1891 to 1919: Immanuel Holzschuh
- 1919 to 1929: Heinrich Fazler
Mayor:
- 1929 to 1934: Ernst Neuhaus
- 1934 to 1937: Theodor Steinle
- 1937 to 1945: Wilhelm Frank
- 1945 to 1955: Paul Aymar
- 1955 to 1987: Hermann Gross ( SPD )
- 1987 to July 31, 2011: Reiner Herrmann ( FW )
- since August 1, 2011: Martin Steiner ( CDU )
Municipal council
The local election on May 26, 2019 in Birkenfeld led to the following preliminary final result. The municipal council consists of the elected voluntary councilors and the mayor as chairman. The mayor is entitled to vote in the municipal council.
| Parties and constituencies |
% 2019 |
Seats 2019 |
% 2014 |
Seats 2014 |
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| CDU | Christian Democratic Union of Germany | 34.37 | 8th | 39.03 | 9 | |
| UWB | Independent electorate Birkenfeld | 28.28 | 6th | 24.28 | 5 | |
| SPD | Social Democratic Party of Germany | 18.30 | 4th | 20.16 | 4th | |
| UGLB | Independent Green List Birkenfeld | 19.05 | 4th | 16.53 | 4th | |
| total | 100.0 | 22nd | 100.0 | 22nd | ||
| voter turnout | 57.32% | 49.0% | ||||
coat of arms
The coat of arms, which the municipality of Birkenfeld has carried since December 27, 1979, was formed from parts of the coats of arms of the previously independent municipalities of Birkenfeld and Gräfenhausen. The three acorns are now symbolic of the three districts of Birkenfeld, Graefenhausen and Obernhausen.
In the award certificate, it is described as follows: Under a blue shield head, in which a continuous, four-link gold chain is attached with a square red gemstone set on its tip, gold-edged, a two-leaved green oak branch in gold with three green acorns.
In the coat of arms of the formerly independent municipality of Birkenfeld, a ruby on the tip indicates the importance of the jewelry industry. The ploughshare pictured symbolizes the importance of agriculture, which was still important at the time. The coat of arms of the formerly independent municipality of Gräfenhausen depicts three acorns. Nothing is known about the meaning.
Economy and Infrastructure
The main industry is the jewelry and watch industry. In addition, metal working and processing, electronics and precision tool making and the electroplating industry have established themselves. There are currently three industrial areas in the municipality: the Oberes Enztal industrial area, the north industrial area and the west industrial area in the Graefenhausen district. In 2015, the intermunicipal industrial park Dammfeld was created together with the neighboring municipality of Keltern. The Stratec Biomedical company is based in Birkenfeld, and the Müller Group , a group of meat processing companies, is also based in Birkenfeld.
traffic
Birkenfeld has been connected to the Enz Valley Railway (Pforzheim - Bad Wildbad) since 1868 . The public transport on this route is the traffic group Pforzheim-Enzkreis organized. The S6 trams run every hour to Bad Wildbad and Pforzheim, some of which are connected via Pforzheim to Bietigheim-Bissingen or Wörth. There are also numerous bus connections that serve the community from Pforzheim. There are lines 708 (Langenalb / Ittersbach), 712 (Birkenfeld), 716 (Bad Herrenalb), 717 (Langenalb / Ittersbach) and 718 (Pfinzweiler).
Culture and sights
Culture
Since 1981, meetings with artists from the Saxon region have taken place in the event series Music from Dresden . Five events per year with different orientations such as jazz, cabaret, song recitals, chamber music or church concerts, at locations as diverse as z. B. in the church or in the car dealership, attract concertgoers far beyond the Enzkreis to Birkenfeld.
Buildings
- The old town hall in Birkenfeld is a half-timbered building from 1584. Plans for a new town hall had existed since 1871. When a new school building was built in 1890, the administration moved to the old school building built in 1866, which still serves as town hall today.
- The Protestant church from 1875/1876 was extensively renovated in 1955. The church received a Walcker organ , which replaced an older instrument from the same organ workshop. The pictures on the pulpit wall are by Rudolf Yelin the Elder. J. (Stuttgart). In 1973 the church got new seating. The bells were cast at Kunz in Stuttgart in 1950.
- Catholic Church of St. Clare from 1960
District of Graefenhausen:
- The Michael Church was founded 1108th
- old wine press from 1583 with preserved old wine press trees
sport and freetime
Leisure activities
Due to its location on the northern edge of the Black Forest, Birkenfeld is the starting point for hikes and mountain bike tours. Birkenfeld is located at the beginning of the western route from Pforzheim to Basel and thus also on the European long-distance hiking route E1 .
Sports facilities
- Erlach Stadium (football stadium with type B arena, grass and artificial turf pitch)
- Black Forest Hall
- Sixthalle Graefenhausen
- Gymnasium Friedrich-Silcher-Schule
Personalities
Honorary citizen
- since 1970: Paul Aymar (1890–1977), local councilor 1928–1933 and mayor 1945–1955
- since 1987: Hermann Gross (1919–2005), mayor 1955–1987 and member of the state parliament 1960–1976
- since 1991: Hans Haag (1929–1998), Protestant pastor 1966–1991
Sons of the community
- Martin Kügelin (around 1505–1559), theologian, taught at the University of Freiburg
- Johann Abraham Sixt (1757–1797), composer, born in Graefenhausen
- Paul Kienzle (1861–1941), architect and hotelier
- Caren Denner (* 1962), police chief in Karlsruhe
- Harry Wörz (* 1966), victim of justice
People in connection with Birkenfeld
- René Weller (* 1953), former super featherweight boxing world champion, formerly living in Graefenhausen
Individual evidence
- ↑ State Statistical Office Baden-Württemberg - Population by nationality and gender on December 31, 2018 (CSV file) ( help on this ).
- ^ The state of Baden-Württemberg. Official description by district and municipality. Volume V: Karlsruhe district , pp. 536-538, Kohlhammer, Stuttgart 1976, ISBN 3-17-002542-2
- ^ Federal Statistical Office (ed.): Historical municipality directory for the Federal Republic of Germany. Name, border and key number changes in municipalities, counties and administrative districts from May 27, 1970 to December 31, 1982 . W. Kohlhammer, Stuttgart / Mainz 1983, ISBN 3-17-003263-1 , p. 526 .
- ^ Pforzheimer Zeitung (ed.): Once again Schultes election . In: Pforzheimer Zeitung of May 11, 1987, p. 9.
- ^ Pforzheimer Zeitung (ed.): New mayor is obliged . Retrieved August 6, 2011.
- ↑ Local election data of the local data center
- ^ Pforzheimer Zeitung (ed.): Paul Aymar first honorary citizen of Birkenfeld . In: Pforzheimer Zeitung of November 13, 1970, p. 20.
- ^ Pforzheimer Zeitung (ed.): Organized the economic miracle in Birkenfeld . In: Pforzheimer Zeitung of December 6, 1994, p. 21.
- ^ Pforzheimer Zeitung (ed.): On the person: Hermann Gross . In: Pforzheimer Zeitung of February 6, 2003, p. 30.
- ^ Pforzheimer Zeitung (ed.): Obituary: The community of Birkenfeld mourns Mr. Hermann Gross . In: Pforzheimer Zeitung of March 18, 2005, p. 19.
- ^ Pforzheimer Zeitung (ed.): "Mister Kindergarten" also honorary citizen . In: Pforzheimer Zeitung of October 8, 1991, p. 25.
literature
- August Engelhardt: Birkenfeld. The story of a place and its inhabitants . Birkenfeld 1980.
Web links
Birkenfeld | Eisingen | Angel Brand | Friolzheim | Heimsheim | Illingen | Ispringen | Kämpfelbach | Pressing | Kieselbronn | Knittlingen | Königsbach stone | Maulbronn | Mönsheim | Mühlacker | Neuenbürg | Neuhausen | Newbies | Niefern-Öschelbronn | Ölbronn-Dürrn | Ötisheim | Remchingen | Star Rock | Straubenhardt | Tiefenbronn | Wiernsheim | Wimsheim | Wurmberg