Courlevon

State :

Switzerland

Canton :

Freiburg (FR)

District :

lake

Municipality :

Murten

Postal code :

1795

former BFS no. :

2251

Coordinates :

575 103 / 193385 coordinates: 46 ° 53 '28 " N , 7 ° 6' 43" O ; CH1903: five hundred and seventy-five thousand one hundred and three / 193385

Height :

556 m above sea level M.

Area :

3.27 km²

Residents:

293 (December 31, 2015)

Population density :

90 inhabitants per km²

Website:

www.murten-morat.ch

Courlevon old cheese factory

map

Parish before the merger on January 1, 2016

Courlevon was until December 31, 2015 a municipality in the lake district ( French : District du Lac ) of the canton of Friborg in Switzerland . Despite its location on the linguistic border and the majority of the German-speaking population today, the municipality does not have a German name in official usage. On January 1, 2016, Courlevon merged with Jeuss , Lurtigen and Salvenach with the municipality of Murten .

geography

Courlevon lies at 556 m above sea level. M. , four kilometers south of the district capital Murten (linear distance ). The farming village extends on a high plateau south of the Murtensee , west of the Oberholz forest , in the northern Freiburg Central Plateau .

The area of 3.3 square kilometers former large municipal area comprises a portion of the glacial Rhonegletscher overmolded Molassehöhen between the Morat and Saanen valley . The western part of the municipality is occupied by the Courlevon plateau, which is drained to the north by the village stream of Courgevaux. In the west, the municipal area extends into the forests of Ausserholz and Coillonet and into the catchment area of the Chandon . To the east of the village, the municipality extends over the Oberholz ( 628 m above sea level ) and the saddle of Coussiberlé up to the height of Boulary , where on the signal at 630 m above sea level. M. the highest point of Courlevon is reached. In 1997, 3% of the municipal area was accounted for by settlements, 37% by forests and woodlands and 60% by agriculture.

Courlevon includes the hamlet of Coussiberlé , which used to be an independent municipality, as well as some individual farms. The neighboring communities of Courlevon were Cressier , Wallenried , Villarepos and Courgevaux in the canton of Friborg and Münchenwiler in the canton of Bern .

population

With 293 inhabitants (as of December 31, 2015) Courlevon was one of the small communities in the canton of Friborg. The population of Courlevon was 210 in 1850 and 270 in 1900. In the course of the 20th century, the population decreased by around 25% to 207 people by 1980. Since then a slight population growth has been recorded again.

languages

92.7% of the residents speak German, 4.6% French and 1.2% speak Portuguese (as of 2000). This means that Courlevon is almost exclusively in German today. In the originally French-speaking community, the majority relationship between French and German reversed in the course of the 19th century.

economy

Courlevon was a predominantly agricultural village until the second half of the 20th century . Agriculture , fruit growing and animal husbandry played an important role in the employment structure of the population. Until 2005 the village had its own village cheese dairy. Jobs are still available today in local small businesses and in the service sector, including in companies such as paving, customer gardeners and a window joinery. In the last few decades the village has also developed into a residential community. Many employed people are therefore commuters who mainly work in the Murten and Freiburg regions.

traffic

Courlevon is located on the main road from Freiburg to Murten and is connected to the public transport network with the TPF line 546 Murten - Courtepin. The Courlevon Railway and Collector Museum (ESMC) was opened in autumn 2016 in Courlevon, which was never connected to a railway network.

history

The first written mention of the place took place in 1214 under the name Curlivin ; from 1428 the name Curlevon has been handed down. The place name is made up of the Latin word cortis (court) and the personal name Livinus .

Courlevon was part of the Murten rule since the Middle Ages . In the war of the Freiburg against the Savoy in 1448 the village was badly affected. In 1475 Courlevon came under the joint administration of the estates of Bern and Friborg as part of the bailiwick of Murten. Numerous houses were destroyed in a fire in 1790. After the collapse of the ancien régime (1798), the village came to the canton of Friborg. During the Helvetic Republic and the following period it belonged to the Murten district before it was incorporated into the lake district in 1848 with the new cantonal constitution.

From the middle of the 18th century, the population in Courlevon spoke increasingly German and therefore no longer wanted to send their children to Courgevaux to French school. Since the school was assigned to the parishes, this also meant a change in the parish from Gurwolf (Courgevaux) to Merlach (Meyriez). The German-speaking Bernese pastor Sigmund Bitzius (the father of Albert Bitzius, alias Jeremias Gotthelf ) from the parish of Murten supported the change. Finally, in 1797, through the governor Joh. Vissaula, Bern gave the permit for the construction of a school in Murten Castle and thus for a change of parish and school district. Despite the lack of a school building, German-speaking school operations began immediately. The master teacher Jakob Kräuchi taught for one year from 1797 in a rented bar with Daniel Poncet in Coussiberlé and then the Aargau schoolmaster Häfeli taught in a bar in Courlevon with Hans Helfer until 1801.

On October 5, 1797, the parishes of Courlevont (Courlevon) and Coursiberlez ( Coussiberlé ) bought a piece of land from the owner Abraham Tronçon for the construction of their own school building for 200 Freiburg crowns. As witnesses were u. a. present the pastor Sigmund Bitzius and the new schoolmaster Jacob Kräuchi. On September 21, 1799, the community rounded off the property with another purchase of 1 Mass from Johannes Leib.

Due to the revolutionary turmoil with the new responsibility under the Helvetic Republic , the schoolhouse could only be built between 1800 and 1801. The municipality paid 359 crowns for the construction of the garden. Due to the turmoil of the times, she did not provide for a fixed amount for the remuneration of the teacher, but promised to show her satisfaction at the school exam. The schoolmaster had contractually agreed to take care of the fruit trees and fields in addition to the lessons. Half a Jucharte sown winter grain, hay and emd was expected at the handover. As a schoolmaster, Abraham Lehmann accepted the gifts for the new school from the well-born Landvögtin von Graffenried, Oberherrin zu Münchenweiler ( Münchenwiler ): 1 three-volume Bible, 6 wills with rough print and 4 wills with fine print, 4 Gellert song books. However, the congregation was evidently not satisfied with the schoolmaster and was therefore presented to the church council in Murten , "... under these sad circumstances ... to implore you, honorable gentlemen ... to appoint this congregation with another school teacher". In the documented period from 1830 to 1840, between 35 and 61 children per year attended school with an employed teacher. It was also increasingly complained that the classroom had become too narrow. The decision to build a larger, new school further south of Dorfstrasse was decided and implemented.

In the middle of the 19th century, a company for cheese production wanted to set up in Courlevon and was looking for a suitable building (see also the novel Die Käserei in der Vehfreude from 1850 by Jeremias Gotthelf ). The community therefore sworn the old school building from May 15, 1854 against 60. CHF available per year. Various improvements justified an increase in the rent of up to CHF 75 per year. So slabs were laid on the ground in the basement. Mice and rats apparently liked and often made use of cheese, and by mending the cellar walls it was hoped that the damage would at least be reduced.

On February 9, 1875, the community assembly decided to sell the old school building to the cheese company for CHF 4,000. The price included building materials for various repair work and for the new cellar to be built. The fire commission checked the plan for the partial demolition and reconstruction to ensure that it complied with the fire regulations and gave its approval on March 26, 1875. In 1892, after a fire in the fireplace, the dairy company submitted an application to convert the (open) wooden hearth into a brick fireplace.

Coussiberlé also belonged to Courlevon until 1717, after which it formed its own municipality, was united with Courgevaux from 1832 to 1871 and then independent again. Courlevon and Coussiberlé had shared administration since 1871. On February 15, 1974, Coussiberlé was finally incorporated into Courlevon. Courlevon has its own cemetery and is part of the parish of Meyriez .

Attractions

Web links

Commons : Courlevon - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

^ Museum director at ten. BZ Berner Zeitung, October 7, 2016, accessed on July 6, 2017 .
↑ This section is based on documents in the parish archives of Courlevon parish.

[1] Museum director at ten. BZ Berner Zeitung, October 7, 2016, accessed on July 6, 2017 .

[2] This section is based on documents in the parish archives of Courlevon parish.