Münchenwiler

Münchenwiler
State :	Switzerland
Canton :	Bern (BE)
Administrative district :	Bern-Mittelland
BFS no. :	0669
Postal code :	1797
Coordinates :	575725  /  195 482 coordinates: 46 ° 54 '36 "  N , 7 ° 7' 12"  O ; CH1903:  575725  /  one hundred ninety-five thousand four hundred eighty-two
Height :	508  m above sea level M.
Height range :	465–616 m above sea level M.
Area :	2.48  km²
Residents:	522 (December 31, 2018)
Population density :	210 inhabitants per km²
Website:	www.muenchenwiler.ch
Münchenwiler Castle
Location of the municipality

Münchenwiler ( French: Villars-les-Moines ) is a municipality in the Bern-Mittelland administrative district in the canton of Bern in Switzerland .

geography

The municipality forms a Bernese exclave in the area of ​​the lake district belonging to the canton of Friborg. It counts (2019) about 530 inhabitants. In 1898 the Freiburg-Murten railway was opened with the Münchenwiler-Courgevaux station (expanded to a half-hourly crossing in 2017); the train (tpf = transports publics fribourgeois ) now runs via Ins to Neuchâtel. The A1 motorway was opened in 1997; it crosses the municipality in a tunnel. The distance to Freiburg is 15 kilometers, to Bern 30 kilometers and to Neuchâtel 28 kilometers.

history

In 1080 the two brothers Rodulfus and Giraldus von Vilar donated their entire property to the Cluny monastery in Burgundy . At the beginning of the 12th century a daughter monastery was built, a so-called priory. It was one of 26 branches of the Cluny Congregation in what is now Switzerland; the best known are Payerne, Romainmôtier, St.Petersinsel, Rüeggisberg, Rougemont. The priory lasted until shortly before the Reformation. By papal decree it came together with the external property of Clavaleyres in 1484/85 to the Bernese St.Vinzenzenstift (Münsterstift). At the same time, after the Burgundian Wars, the common rule of Murten emerged, which was administered alternately by Bern and Freiburg and lasted until the French invaded. Due to Reformation disputes between the two estates, Bern claimed sole control over Münchenwiler in 1527 and introduced the Reformation in 1528. In 1535, Bern sold the run-down property as a twin lordship to the mayor Hans Jakob von Wattenwyl . He had the monastery nave and the cloister torn down and created a country seat for himself and his descendants. After various changes of ownership, the estate came to the von Graffenried family in 1668, who owned it until 1932. In the middle of the 19th century in particular, the feudal country estate was renewed and expanded, as can be seen today in the spacious gardens. After the French invaded in 1798, Münchenwiler (with Clavaleyres) was defeated at Freiburg. During the mediation period (from 1803) Bern succeeded in winning back the two villages; In 1807 they were incorporated into the Laupen district. They have been part of the Bern-Mittelland administrative region since 2010. In a foreclosure auction in 1932, the castle was sold to a Neuchâtel consortium, which sold it to the Canton of Bern in 1943. After various unsuccessful attempts to use it, the latter left it to the adult education center of the Canton of Bern in 1954, which offered further education and leisure courses there. The castle has served as a seminar hotel with a high-performance restaurant for all kinds of events since 2002.

politics

The voting shares of the parties on the occasion of the National Council elections in 2019 were: Swiss People's Party (SVP) 47.3%, Swiss Social Democratic Party (SP) 12.7%, Swiss Green Party (GPS) 10.0%, Free Democratic Party (FDP ) 9.2%, Civil Democratic Party (BDP) 7.2%, Green Liberal Party (glp) 3.7%, Federal Democratic Union (EDU) 3.2%, Evangelical People's Party (EPP) 1.9%. There are no more politically active parties in Münchenwiler.

Attractions

See also : List of cultural assets in Münchenwiler

Münchenwiler Palace stands on the site of a Cluniac priory built in the 12th century, which was badly damaged in the wars with the Savoy in 1448 and in the Burgundy Wars in 1476, and in 1484 came into the possession of the St Vincent monastery at Bern Minster. The monastery became a woman. In 1530 this passed from the last prior Ulrich Stör to the city of Bern, who sold it to his mayor Hans Jakob von Wattenwyl in 1535. He had the dilapidated monastery demolished and a fortified castle built from the building material. After several changes of ownership, the rule passed to the von Graffenried family in 1668 and remained in their possession until 1932. Dionys von Graffenried (1815–1886) had the south wing rebuilt in the classicist style and built after he had converted to the Roman Catholic Church in former choir of the monastery church a castle chapel. From 1946 the chapel served the parish of Bernisch Murten (Münchenwiler-Clavaleyres) as a place of worship. In 1932 the property was auctioned off in foreclosure proceedings; The buyer was a Neuchâtel consortium. This sold the castle to the State of Bern in 1943. After various attempts to use it, the castle was leased from the Bern Adult Education Center in 1956 and operated as a holiday course and training center. The canton had it renovated from 1986 to 1990; year-round operation as a course center was now possible. In 2002 the center was leased by the newly founded Parkhotel Schloss Münchenwiler AG and run as a seminar hotel. In 2012, Schloss Münchenwiler GmbH (Brigit Leicht) took over the business.

Web links

Commons : Münchenwiler  - Collection of images, videos and audio files

• muenchenwiler.ch - Website of the municipality of Münchenwiler
• Anne-Marie Dubler : Münchenwiler. In: Historical Lexicon of Switzerland .
• murtenseevully-history.ch - Historical images of the Murtensee Vully region (photo recordings)
• swisscastles.ch - Muenchenwiler Castle - Le château de Münchenwiler

Individual evidence

1. ↑ Permanent resident population from STAT-TAB of the BfS , municipalities see also regional portraits 2020 on bfs.admin.ch, accessed on May 29, 2020