Mühleberg

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Mühleberg
Mühleberg coat of arms
State : SwitzerlandSwitzerland Switzerland
Canton : Canton BernCanton Bern Bern (BE)
Administrative district : Bern-Mittellandw
BFS no. : 0668i1 f3 f4
Postal code : 3203 Mühleberg
3205 Gümmenen
3204 Rosshäuser
Coordinates : 586 402  /  200229 coordinates: 46 ° 57 '11 "  N , 7 ° 15' 36"  O ; CH1903:  586 402  /  200229
Height : 557  m above sea level M.
Height range : 461–713 m above sea level M.
Area : 26.26  km²
Residents: 2986 (December 31, 2018)
Population density : 114 inhabitants per km²
Proportion of foreigners :
(residents without
citizenship )
5.4% (2,009)
Mayor : René Maire ( SVP )
Website: www.muehleberg.ch
Mühleberg

Mühleberg

Location of the municipality
Bielersee Gerzensee (Gewässer) Moossee Moossee Murtensee Neuenburgersee Thunersee Wohlensee Clavaleyres Münchenwiler Kanton Freiburg Kanton Neuenburg Kanton Solothurn Kanton Freiburg Kanton Waadt Verwaltungskreis Berner Jura Verwaltungskreis Biel/Bienne Verwaltungskreis Emmental Verwaltungskreis Frutigen-Niedersimmental Verwaltungskreis Interlaken-Oberhasli Verwaltungskreis Oberaargau Verwaltungskreis Obersimmental-Saanen Verwaltungskreis Seeland Verwaltungskreis Thun Allmendingen bei Bern Arni BE Bäriswil Belp Bern Biglen Bolligen Bowil Bremgarten bei Bern Brenzikofen Deisswil bei Münchenbuchsee Diemerswil Ferenbalm Ferenbalm Fraubrunnen Frauenkappelen Freimettigen Gerzensee BE Grosshöchstetten Guggisberg Gurbrü Häutligen Herbligen Iffwil Ittigen Jaberg Jegenstorf Jegenstorf Kaufdorf Kehrsatz Kiesen Kirchdorf BE Kirchlindach Köniz Konolfingen Kriechenwil Landiswil Laupen Linden BE Mattstetten Meikirch Mirchel Moosseedorf Mühleberg Münchenbuchsee Münsingen Muri bei Bern Neuenegg Niederhünigen Niedermuhlern Oberbalm Oberdiessbach Oberhünigen Oberthal BE Oppligen Ostermundigen Riggisberg Rubigen Rüeggisberg Rüeggisberg Rümligen Rüschegg Schwarzenburg BE Stettlen Thurnen Toffen Urtenen-Schönbühl Vechigen Wald BE Walkringen Wichtrach Wiggiswil Wileroltigen Wohlen bei Bern Worb Zäziwil Zollikofen Zuzwil BEMap of Mühleberg
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Mühleberg is a municipality in the Bern-Mittelland administrative district in the Swiss canton of Bern .

Districts

The districts of the municipality are (in alphabetical order): Allenlüften, Aumatt, Brand, Buch bei Mühleberg, Buttenried, Dällenbach, Eggenberg, Fluh, Fuchsenried, Gäu, Grossmühleberg, Gümmenenau, Gümmenen , Haselholz, Heggidorn, Juchlishaus, Kirchmoos, Ledi, Mädersforst , Marfeldingen, Mauss, Michelsforst, Mühleberg, Niederruntigen, Oberei near Mühleberg, Rosshäuser, Rüplisried, Rüplisried-Mauss, Salzweid, Schnurrenmühle, Spengelried, Strassacker, Trüllern and Zihlacker.

geography

As the largest municipality in terms of area in the former Laupen district , Mühleberg is located on a wooded and undulating high plateau and has great differences in altitude. In the north the Aare and the Wohlensee , in the west the Saane and in the east the forest forest form the municipal boundaries; on the south side the transition is fluid. The community is divided by three traffic routes from east to west:

  • Street Bern – Murten (old Bernstrasse) until today's cantonal road Heggidorn – Mühleberg – Gümmenen was built 1851–1857, today's Hauptstrasse 1
  • Railway line Bern – Neuchâtel , which started operating on July 1, 1901
  • Motorway A1 Bern – Murten – Neuchâtel since 1981

The 8 neighboring communities of Mühleberg are in alphabetical order: Bern , Ferenbalm , Frauenkappelen , Laupen , Neuenegg , Radelfingen , Wileroltigen and Wohlen .

Infrastructure

The approximately 2,800 inhabitants correspond to a population density of 107 people per km²; so rather sparsely populated municipal area. The infrastructure is therefore very expensive. The community maintains over 70 km of streets, school buildings and other community properties. Drinking water and wastewater often require long supply and discharge lines; the wastewater is cleaned in the Sensetal wastewater treatment plant in Laupen .

history

Details are missing from the first 1000 years of our era. The place name "Mulinberg", which is mentioned in documents in 1016, can be regarded as the origin of the community name. Old chronicles indicate that various mills on streams were operated with water power in the municipality. Humans tried early on to use the forces of nature. The region used to have several water wheels from mills, sawmills, oils, pounders, etc. for decades. These mills also gave the municipality its name. The municipal coat of arms shows a mill wheel on a mountain. The mill is being restored on the initiative of a private association and a foundation and it is hoped to be able to grind grain again later.

The town of Gümmenen with its bridgehead on the Saane was already of particular importance in the 13th century. The first bridge was built in 1454. Today's old Gümmenen Bridge dates from 1732–1739, in 1959 the concrete bridge was built. The former town of Gümmenen was also the customs post of the city of Bern for the transport of wine from western Switzerland. In Allenlüften a conductor had to control this wine carts. This also included nightly surveillance and the usual mandatory changing of horses. The Schaffnerei was auctioned in 1801 and continued as a private business "Schwanen".

Until the middle of the 20th century, Mühleberg was mainly a farming community. After the Second World War , it too took on a different face. Today there are still around 70 farms. Of the former seven dairies , only the Juchlishaus dairy is still in operation today. The industry is diverse and efficient; several sawmills show that wood processing companies in particular occupy a strong position.

In 1954 the project "Airport Bern-West", for which an airport in Rosshäuser was planned, was abandoned. The project was about finding a suitable location to build a regional airport in the Bern area, like the Bern-Belp Airport today .

politics

The voting shares of the parties on the occasion of the National Council elections in 2015 were: SVP 43.4%, BDP 14.2%, SP 14.1%, FDP 10.2%, EPP 5.2%, GPS 4.5%, glp 3.2 %, CVP 1.2%, EDU 1.1%, pirates 1.0%.

church

For parish Muhlenberg belonged until after the Reformation and the convent Frauenkappelen . In 1659 the church, rectory and barn were victims of a major fire, and reconstruction began immediately. The church was restored in 1975/76, whereby the rigid seating had to give way to armchairs in order to better cater to the various occasions. The renaissance pulpit was moved down, on the newly built gallery is one of the most important organ cases in the canton of Bern, where a new organ with 21 stops has been installed. The Romanesque tower is also presented in its original form today. Catholic services are also held regularly in the church.

Partner municipality

In 1974 a partnership was entered into between the German municipality of Schwanfeld in the district of Schweinfurt and Mühleberg. The aim is to maintain mutual contacts between authorities, schools and associations, but also on a private basis.

energy

In 1917 the government council granted the Bernische Kraftwerke (BKW) the concession to build a hydropower plant , the Mühleberg hydropower plant , and the plant was put into operation in 1921. With its state-of-the-art technology, this factory building was an extraordinarily bold undertaking at the time. The Aare has been dammed by around 20 meters, and the construction of the 245-meter-long and 35-meter-high dam wall made the river, around 12 kilometers long, today's Wohlensee .

From 1967, a nuclear power plant with a boiling water reactor , two steam turbines and river water cooling was built below the hydroelectric power plant on the Aare . The nuclear power plant Mühleberg BKW was November 6, 1972 to December 20 of 2019.

bridges

Due to the location between Saane and Aare, there are some bridges in the municipality of Mühleberg:

  • 1732–1739: Old Gümmenen bridge made of wood
  • 1901: Gümmenen Viaduct: Railway viaduct, 400 m long, made of earth wall, 27 stone arches and 65 m of steel framework
  • 1921: Bridge over the Wohlensee dam
  • 1959: New Gümmenen bridge made of concrete
  • 1981: Mühleberg-Wileroltigen motorway viaduct
  • Suspension bridge: for pedestrians, about 50 m long, over the Saane shortly before it flows into the Aare in the Niederried -Oltigenmatt nature reserve established in 1992 (N46.978191, E7.253429)

Attractions

  • The Reformed Church and Rectory

Picture gallery

literature

  • Arthur Burkhalter: 1000 years of Mühleberg 1016–2016. A journey through time through the history of the Mühleberg community . Paul Weber, Neuenegg 2016, OCLC 933536969 .
  • Naomi Jones: A present for Mrs. Hildegard . In: The Bund . January 9, 2016 ( online [accessed September 24, 2016]).

Web links

Commons : Mühleberg  - collection of images, videos and audio files

Individual evidence

  1. Permanent resident population from STAT-TAB of the BfS , municipalities see also regional portraits 2020 on bfs.admin.ch, accessed on May 29, 2020
  2. ^ Community search . Population. (No longer available online.) In: Official website. Federal Statistical Office, 2011, p. 1 , archived from the original on July 30, 2012 ; Retrieved on September 10, 2011 (entry Mühleberg ). Info: The archive link was inserted automatically and has not yet been checked. Please check the original and archive link according to the instructions and then remove this notice. @1@ 2Template: Webachiv / IABot / www.bfs.admin.ch
  3. Elections 2015: Results of the Mühleberg community. Canton of Bern, accessed on March 21, 2016
  4. Swiss nuclear power plant Mühleberg finally shut down orf.at, December 20, 2019, accessed December 20, 2019.
  5. Samuel Rutishauser: Reformed Church Mühleberg BE (=  Swiss Art Guide . No. 265 ). Society for Swiss Art History GSK, Bern 1980, ISBN 978-3-85782-265-0 .