Au on the Rhine

coat of arms	Germany map
	Coordinates: 48 ° 57 '  N , 8 ° 14'  E
Basic data
State :	Baden-Württemberg
Administrative region :	Karlsruhe
County :	Rastatt
Height :	111 m above sea level NHN
Area :	13.29 km 2
Residents:	3336 (Dec. 31, 2018)
Population density :	251 inhabitants per km 2
Postal code :	76474
Area code :	07245
License plate :	RA, bra
Community key :	08 2 16 002
Address of the municipal administration:	Hauptstrasse 5 76474 Au am Rhein
Website :	www.auamrhein.de
Mayoress :	Veronika Laukart
Location of the municipality of Au am Rhein in the Rastatt district

Au am Rhein is the northernmost municipality in the Rastatt district in Baden-Württemberg . No other localities belong to the municipality of Au am Rhein.

geography

Neighboring places

The district borders on Rheinstetten in the north and east , and also on the community of Durmersheim . To the south, Au am Rhein borders the Elchesheim-Illingen district . In the west the Rhine forms the border. The northern district boundary is also the southern boundary of the former administrative district of North Baden .

State border

A special feature is the borderline in a northerly direction to the district of Neuburgweier of the city of Rheinstetten : The customs house formerly located there had the name Zollhaus-Neuburgweier , although it was located in the district of Au am Rhein. Since the abolition of the customs office, the customs port, in which the customs boats were anchored, has been gradually converted into an industrial port. The yacht club in the Auer Altrhein there remained unchanged.

There has been a chargeable car ferry to Neuburg am Rhein since 2004 . Before that, a passenger and bicycle ferry operated there.

Historical geography

The village of Atenherd, mentioned around 1080 and in the 12th century, is located in the municipality . In the Middle Ages there were two other villages near Au am Rhein, Merfeld (the field name "Meeräcker" probably reminds of this; towards Illingen) and Atenherd, both of which have probably fallen victim to both floods of the Rhine.

history

Except Galepper

Tomato islands

At Au am Rhein there was already a Rhine crossing in Roman times, as evidenced by a Roman milestone that was walled into the tower of the parish church until 1811 (since then in the Badisches Landesmuseum in Karlsruhe ). Accordingly, a Roman road from Baden-Baden ran across the Rhine here. Traces of one of the Roman settlements were found in 1898 in the mining area "Grubenäcker".

In the year 830 the place appears for the first time as "Augia". At that time, a priest named Milo bequeathed his property in the village to the Weissenburg monastery in Alsace, which was otherwise wealthy here. In the 10th century, the monastery owned four farms, 33 servants' farms, 30 meadows, two churches and the right to tithe, as evidenced by the Codex Edelini written in the late 13th century. Almost all of the large monasteries in the area had property in the place , which was important because of its location: Count Gebhardt and Egeno von Urach had given the Hirsau monastery around 1080 their goods located in Au; The Herrenalb monastery also owned this area as early as 1177 and received further goods from Count Eberhardt IV of Eberstein in 1258 . After all, the Lichtenthal Abbey must have been wealthy here, because the abbess and convent gave their property in Au in 1371 to the Pforzheim citizen Dietrich Fladt as a fief. As in many other places in the Ufgau, essential rulership rights initially lay with the Eberstein and passed from them to the Baden margraves , in the case of Au probably together with Alt-Eberstein Castle in 1283. When in 1288 the margraviate was divided between Rudolf II and Hermann VII the latter received Au a. Rh. The Baden margraves were also able to take possession of the former Weißenburg monastery property by receiving it as a fief of the monastery (first attested in 1291). Since then the place was or is Baden; he initially belonged to the office of Kuppenheim, after 1689 to the Oberamt Rastatt.

Municipal structures of the municipality of Au a. Rh. Are detectable since the late 14th century; In 1431 a mayor is called, the village court counted twelve “judges” in the 16th century. A court seal is proven in 1520; it showed an eye (possibly as a "speaking" coat of arms for the Middle High German "Augia") and was in use until at least 1659. The community was quite prosperous due to extensive forest holdings also on the left bank of the Rhine. In 1631, in the middle of the Thirty Years' War , she was able to raise the high sum of 10,000  florins in order to acquire the margravial "Lohwald". Due to the resolutions of the Luneville Peace Treaty in 1801, it lost its property on the left bank of the Rhine.

Until well into the 20th century Au was a small farming community, whereby agriculture always suffered from the still unregulated Rhine current. In return, the river offered additional income opportunities through fishing and ducking, gold panning and towing ships. Sometimes there were also ferries across the Rhine and during the numerous wars of the 17th and 18th centuries there were also temporary military bridges.

In the Weissenburg period there were two churches here; since the High Middle Ages only one, the parish church of St. Andreas, has been occupied. The right of patronage lay with the Baden margraves (mentioned in 1388). There was a lot of controversy in the following centuries about the tithe law, which partly belonged to the monastery in Baden-Baden and partly to various low-nobility private individuals. In the medieval church, which stood in the same place as the present one, finds from Roman times were walled up. The church was thoroughly renovated in 1726 and replaced in 1838 by a new building based on plans by Johann Ludwig Weinbrenner. Badly damaged by artillery fire in the Second World War, the old choir was demolished in 1962 and the church was extended by two window axes. In 1995/96 again renovations and structural changes; artistic design v. a. by Emil Wachter .

A little outside of the village, a chapel dedicated to St. Anthony of Padua was built in 1720 by the mayor Christian Höllig in fulfillment of a vow he had taken due to illness , which was extended by 4 feet in 1820 and replaced by a new building in the Renaissance style in 1887. Inside u. a. a picture of Antonius that Stefan Gerstner from Mörsch created in 1948.

Population development

The population of Au in 1683 was 81 families, i. H. around 400 people. Au am Rhein was the largest community in the vicinity ( Elchesheim had 18, Bietigheim 41, Durmersheim 30, Mörsch 34 and Neuburgweier only nine families). 100 years later, in 1788, the population was 752, in 1809 it was 814, and the 1,000-inhabitant limit was reached in the middle of the 19th century. Due to the great emigration - around 250 Auer left their homeland, mostly to the USA - the population development stagnated for a long time and only picked up again at the end of the 19th century. The community had 63 killed in the First World War and 103 in the Second World War . After the war in 1955, 2077 people lived here, currently around 3500.

In the last 20 years the population has increased by about a third. This is due to the fact that the reallocation of building areas also gave non-residents the opportunity to acquire land.

Another point for the population increase was that the control of the Rhine Schnaken ( mosquitoes ) was carried out with increasing success.

Religions

St. Andrew

The Reformation passed Au by. That is why there is only one Roman Catholic church in the village today . The few evangelical believers receive spiritual care from Durmersheim .

politics

mayor

Veronika Laukart has been mayor of the municipality since June 1, 2017. She prevailed on April 9, 2017 in the second ballot with 60.3% of the valid votes and a voter turnout of 73.4% against four opposing candidates after she had already been in the lead in the first ballot.

Hartwig Rihm (* 1949) ( CDU ) was previously mayor of the community for 32 years from 1985 to 2017.

Municipal council

The local elections on May 26, 2019 led to the following result. The municipal council consists of the elected voluntary councilors and the mayor as chairwoman. The mayor is entitled to vote in the municipal council. The turnout was 71.78%.

FWG	52.24%	6 seats
CDU	34.59%	4 seats
SPD	13.17%	2 seats

coat of arms

Until 1978 the coat of arms showed an eye.

Nature reserves

There are two nature reserves in the Au am Rheins area:

1. One nature reserve is the Rhine forests on the Rhine floodplains
2. The second nature reserve is the Rottlichwald . The Gießengraben , which forms the border with Durmersheim-Würmersheim , also flows there.

Economy and Infrastructure

traffic

Three state roads lead to the neighboring towns mentioned above. An asphalt road leads to the Rhine approx. 3 km to the west. Connections to the A 5 are in the immediate vicinity, the exits in Rastatt , Ettlingen or Karlsruhe . The next federal road is the B 36 in Durmersheim, which leads to Karlsruhe and Rastatt. Also in Durmersheim are the next S-Bahn stations, Durmersheim-Nord and Durmersheim . There are bus connections. Otherwise conspicuous power towers lead through the landscape. These are barrel masts that supply an entire region with electricity.

education

Au has a primary and secondary school with a Werkrealschule . There is also a Roman Catholic kindergarten in town.

Individual evidence

1. ↑ State Statistical Office Baden-Württemberg - Population by nationality and gender on December 31, 2018 (CSV file) ( help on this ).
2. ^ The state of Baden-Württemberg. Official description by district and municipality . Volume V: Karlsruhe district Kohlhammer, Stuttgart 1976, ISBN 3-17-002542-2 , p. 159.
3. ↑ Laukart wins with 60.3 percent of the vote . In: Baden's latest news . April 9, 2017 ( bnn.de [accessed July 6, 2017]).

Web links

Commons : Au am Rhein  - collection of images, videos and audio files

• Municipality of Au am Rhein
• Au am Rhein at LEO-BW