Taxham

The Salzburg district of Taxham

Taxham is a district of Salzburg in the northwest of the state capital on the way from the city to Kleßheim Castle . The border line to the neighboring district of Maxglan runs roughly along the cadastral boundary of Maxglan-Siezenheim II, i.e. along Rosa-Hoffmann-Straße and Favoritagasse, with the eastern end of the Bolaring settlement in the northeast forming the border with Maxglan.

history

Taxham is an ancient cultivated soil. Here, just to the west of today's Europark shopping center, are the remains of a spacious Roman estate. The Iron Age or, a little further south, Bronze Age finds have also been made. A prince's grave from the Hallstatt period has also been discovered in Taxham . The old Roman road ran through Taxham from Iuvavum towards Bedaium (today Seebruck am Chiemsee in Bavaria) along today's Kleßheimer Allee.

Today's Taxham is first mentioned by name in a document from 1409 in the form of Däxach ; the name later appears in the forms Daxat / Taxat and Taxach . The word part Tax- is shortened from taxes , a term for a softwood inventory, and the part of word used today -ham is a common variant of bajuvarisch -heim and thus a home or a village. The name Taxham therefore means 'dwelling place (of several people) near / in the coniferous forest' or the like. -ach has the same meaning as -ham here .

The "Dächsach" or "Taxet" is a rural property that was probably divided in the 16th century. In 1645, both farms, Taxach and the last so-called Guggengut, came under the manorial power of the Collegium Marianum , a school establishment established by Archbishop Paris Lodron . Later they belonged to the Hofurbar of the Salzburg cathedral chapter . In 1911 the State of Salzburg acquired the goods.

The name Taxham (also Taxet ) bore a small old observation tower in this room, which was also known as the small castle. The small tower-like building in front of Kleßheim Palace became increasingly dilapidated around 1800 and therefore torn down a few decades later. Around this time the name Taxenham or Taxenhammergut can be found (for example in the Franciscan cadastre from 1830). The name Daxenham can be found in a Salzburg city map from 1936 .

From 1911 Gut Taxham was together with the Guggengut until the end of the Meierhof of the Salzburg State Hospitals. In 1967 both courtyards were demolished in the course of new housing developments. In place of the old farm estate, there are now a primary school, secondary school and kindergarten in Taxham. The south-facing parking lot of the Europark shopping center is located where the aristocratic castle once stood.

The area of ​​today's Taxham was essentially undeveloped until the 1950s. In order to counter the prevailing acute housing shortage, it was decided in 1953 to build 2500 apartments on the state's own land. The first prize was awarded to the group of architects led by Otto Ponholzer, Erich Horvath and Ekkehard Ullrich in early 1954. The Taxham settlement was built according to these plans from 1954 (in major parts from 1957) as a "people's settlement" to eliminate the severe housing shortage, as in Salzburg even eight years after the war many refugees and refugee families had to live in the poorest barracks. The Taxham settlement was mainly built by the Salzburg Housing Association. For this major project, the then governor Josef Klaus provided the Taxham estate belonging to the State of Salzburg, including its 32 hectares of land. The city of Salzburg also provided decisive support for this residential project.

The first block of flats was handed over on July 8, 1955, and more on September 4, 1957. A new phase of construction began in 1964. In the early years of the high-birth cohorts, the satellite town of Taxham was home to well over 10,000 people; in 2007 there were a good 6,000 residents .

Churches

The two churches of the Protestant parish Salzburg West and the Catholic parish Taxham are within sight.

Taxham parish church

In 1964 a Catholic parish vicariate was established, and in 1967 Taxham became its own Catholic parish. Archbishop Andreas Rohracher vowed in 1966 to build a stately church. In 1968 the church, designed by city architect Franz Wagner (jun.) († 1966), was consecrated to the Mother of God, named “To our dear woman”: a tent roof church with a free-standing tower ( campanile ). The beautiful Madonna von Altenmarkt, a personal gift from the Archbishop, adorns its interior. There is a large event hall in the parish center.

Matthew Church

Matthäuskirche on Martin-Luther-Platz

An emergency church had been available to the numerous Protestant war refugees since 1961. The Protestant St. Matthew's Church on Martin-Luther-Platz - also in the center of Taxham - is also designed as a tent church with a free-standing bell tower. The tent roof symbolizes the community as a wandering people of God . The church was consecrated one year after the Catholic Church (1969). The architects Eugen Salpius and Hans Laimer had drawn up the plans for this. The entrance is integrated into a large cross; the interior is kept particularly simple. The figure of Christ created for the church was placed back in the church itself after a temporary move to an adjoining room. The square in front of the Protestant church was named on the occasion of the 500th birthday of Martin Luther on November 10, 1983 in honor of the reformer Martin-Luther-Platz .

Taxham Shopping Center

→ Main article : Europark (shopping mall)

Europark shopping center

In the northeast of the district is the Europark, which was built in 1997 and expanded in 2005 and is now the largest shopping center in Western Austria.

In 2005, the second part of the Europark, designed by the star Roman architect Massimiliano Fuksas , which points the way in terms of conception and architecture, was opened. With a sales area of ​​almost 51,000 square meters, it has become the most successful shopping center in Austria. Today around 2,000 people are employed on the entire Europark site; Around 30,000 customers visit the shopping center every day. Attached is a kindergarten, which has been in operation since 1998 and offers space for over 70 employees' children.

Europark has Europe's largest underground car park on one level; It is also the first shopping center with its own hall for cultural events: the “Oval”, also designed by Massimiliano Fuksas. The name is based on the organically shaped roof landscape of the Europark extension.

The Bolaring settlement

The “Gemeinnützige Salzburger Wohnbaugesellschaft - gswb” built the Bolaring residential complex in Taxham in the years 2000–2002 with a total of 343 residential units, which consist of 1- to 4-room apartments between 36 and 86 m² and also have spacious common rooms. Access to the apartments is through porticoes. The inner settlement area could be designed completely car-free. Attached to the settlement is a three-group kindergarten, a nursing home for the elderly, and a doctor's and physiotherapy practice.

The largest solar system in the federal state of Salzburg at the time, with a collector field of more than 1,000 square meters, was also built in this settlement. The system delivers almost 400,000 kWh of district heating annually.

Transport and infrastructure

S-Bahn station Salzburg Taxham Europark

A primary and secondary school as well as a special education center, two parish kindergartens, two community kindergartens as well as the kindergartens in the Europark shopping center and the state kindergarten show that mainly families with children live here.

The Salzburg-Taxham Europark stop of the S-Bahn Salzburg was built right next to the Europark and is currently served by trains on line S3 twice an hour in each direction and by regional express trains operated by ÖBB . Taxham is also connected to the city center by trolleybus line 1 and bus lines 20 and 28.

Street names

The streets of Taxham are named after aviation pioneers south of the Catholic Church, such as Otto von Lilienthal, Karl Illner , Wilhelm Kreß and Robert Munz.

Sports

At the former Kick Off sports field of FC Salzburg , where the amateurs of SV Austria Salzburg trained and played after the club was dissolved , the newly built 40,000 square meter training center of the Bundesliga soccer club FC Red Bull Salzburg is now located . In addition to two natural grass pitches, including one heated and one artificial turf, and a separate area for goalkeeper training, the training center also has a 700 m long, joint-friendly running track. In addition to changing rooms and an office, there are also wellness and regeneration areas, an indoor running track and a dedicated catering kitchen on the 2,500 square meters of the building.

The successor club of FC Salzburg is now located opposite the Europark shopping center or next to the Bolaringsiedlung. The ASV Europark Taxham has two soccer fields and its own club building here. The club currently plays in 1st class north .

Individual evidence

1. ^ Taxham - history of a Salzburg district , created by the district committee to celebrate “50 years of Taxham”, the residents' service Bolaring and the archive of the city of Salzburg. Salzburg 2004, p. 5.
2. ^ Franz Hörburger : Salzburg Place Name Book , edited by Ingo Reiffenstein and Leopold Ziller, ed. by the Society for Salzburg Regional Studies , Salzburg 1982 (without ISBN), p. 81.
3. ↑ ^{a b} Taxham - history of a Salzburg district , created by the district committee to celebrate “50 years of Taxham”, the residents' service Bolaring and the archive of the city of Salzburg. Salzburg 2004, p. 7.
4. ↑ Taxham Parish Church . In: Salzburger Nachrichten : Salzburgwiki .
5. ↑ St. Matthew's Church . In: Salzburger Nachrichten : Salzburgwiki .

Web links

Commons : Taxham (Salzburg)  - Collection of images, videos and audio files